虐童行为的类型分析及刑法规制

鉴于虐童行为的复杂性,对虐童行为有必要从伤害的类型和侵害主体与被虐儿童的关系的不同视角进行类型分析。在现行刑法的规定面前,对幼师之类非家庭成员虐童但危害结果未达到轻伤害以上的行为,按寻衅滋事罪或侮辱罪定罪处罚都存在解释上难以跨越的障碍,只能按无罪处理。通过立法修改将幼师之类的情节严重的虐童行为入罪化确有必要。针对我国现行刑法对虐童行为规制存在的不足,借鉴域外立法经验,有必要单独增设虐待儿童罪。     

孤残儿童救助制度的问题及其对策

兰考火灾事件等一系列惨剧的接连发生,凸显了我国孤残儿童救助制度存在的诸多问题.本文从孤残儿童救助制度的历史演进和现状出发,分析目前我国孤残儿童救助制度在救助政策和机构职能等方面存在的诸多问题,并提出了完善我国孤残儿童救助制度的对策和建议.     

Family Income Tests of Child Welfare in Canada and Australia and the Research Enlightenment

There is an increasing trend in western countries that income security is used as a tool to provide child welfare for low income families. As in Canada and Australia, where universal child welfare is turning to be more selective, family income tests set up the major thresholds for deciding the levels and the amount of child welfare that each family can enjoy. The experiences from both countries shed light on China’s development of a moderate general child welfare system, enhancing precise targeting for effective welfare distribution.     

试论高觉敷对20世纪中国儿童心理学的贡献

高觉教毛重是我国名的心理学史家,同时他也在儿童心理学领域有着突出的贡献。本就其在译介国外儿童作、撰儿童心理学理论章、从事儿童心理与教育发展的具体研究等方面作一初步介绍一探讨,以肯定一代学术大师对２０世纪中国儿童心理学的巨大贡献。     

Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised Scores in Adult Children Exposed to Alienating Behaviors: An Italian Sample

This study addresses a particular form of child psychological maltreatment, exposing a child to alienating behaviors in the context of a high degree of conflict between the parents. The objective of this research was to identify retrospectively the alienating behaviors that occurred in an Italian sample of children and the reported associated psychosocial symptoms. Seven hundred and thirty‐nine adults in Chieti, Italy, completed an anonymous and confidential survey regarding their childhood exposure to parental alienating behaviors and measures of current symptomatology. About 75% of the sample reported some exposure to parental alienating behaviors; 15% of the sample endorsed the item, “tried to turn me against the other parent.” The results revealed strong and statistically significant associations between reported exposure to parental alienating behaviors and reports of current symptomatology.     

Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006: the implications for employers in educational settings

Vetting those who work with children and vulnerable adults is an emotive topic and one which can prove a challenging area for employers. The legitimate interest that parents, carers and employers have in screening those charged with the care of others can be in direct conflict with the most fundamental principles of economic freedom and employees’ human rights. The desire to balance these conflicting objectives is at the heart of the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006, which introduces what is being heralded as the most inclusive and comprehensive vetting and barring system to date. The changes dramatically widen the scope of workers who are subject to vetting and barring processes, covering employees, volunteers and contractors in the education, care and health industries, and affecting some 11.3 million people in the UK. This new scheme is of particular relevance and importance to schools and other educational institutions, who will be directly affected by the changes. This article will examine the practical employment implications of the new regime and the new obligations that the Vetting and Barring Scheme creates for both employers and employees.     

科技成果转化与科技成果信息资源的开发利用

科技成果信息资源开发利用的基本途径有：（１）采用“出版物──数据库”一体化模式开发和利用科技成果信息资源;（２）面向企业信息主管与信息经纪人的开发利用模式;（３）促进官、产、学、研结合,完善技术创新机制;（４）建立风险投资与交叉融资机制,带动科技成果信息资源开发利用;（５）科技创新信息与产业化经营信息一体化,创造企业对创新活动的有效信息需求;（６）建立“科技成果转化咨询中心”。     

Gender Differences in the Impact of Family of Origin Violence on Perpetrators of Domestic Violence

This study examines the applicability of theories related to the intergenerational transmission of violence. Studies of the impact of violence in the family of origin on the propensity to engage in domestic violence as an adult have commonly focused on boys as potential perpetrators. This study examined the impact of previous violent victimization on males and females charged with domestic violence perpetration, finding previous violence significantly related to increased fear and hyper-vigilance to threat in adult relationships. In addition, the study explored the theoretical assertion that those who use violence in their homes are not also generally violent and found that the majority of individuals using violence, both males and females, were not violent outside the home.     

Corporal Punishment and Kids: How Do Parent Support and Gender Influence Child Adjustment?

Previous research on corporal punishment has failed to consider the interaction of parent support and parent gender in predicting child outcomes. The current study examined whether parental support moderated the effects of corporal punishment on child outcomes (i.e., depression and aggression), and more specifically, whether the gender of the supportive parent moderated the effects of punishment from the opposite-sex parent. Results differed depending on the gender of the punishing and supportive parents, suggesting that parental support can be a protective factor in child outcomes but only under certain conditions. Mother support moderated the effects of father punishment on child depression but not child aggression. High corporal punishment by father was related to more child depression at both high and low levels of mother support. High levels of mother support only seemed important (i.e., children were less depressed) at low levels of father corporal punishment. In contrast, father support moderated the relationship between mother corporal punishment and child aggression but not depression. Children with high father support showed less aggression across all levels of mother corporal punishment. At low levels of father support, child aggression increased as mother corporal punishment increased. For depression, mother corporal punishment was positively related to child depression regardless of level of father support. These findings suggest differential effects for mother and father support and have implications for the treatment and prevention of negative outcomes in children who are physically punished by their parents.