青少年犯罪心理动力系统探究

研究青少年犯罪心理动力系统 ,是研究青少年犯罪之关键。青少年犯罪心理之形成 ,是由于在不良的社会交往中 ,形成了某种不良的认识 ,从而导致相应的不当需要。不当需要与外界诱因相结合 ,则形成犯罪动机。强化起来的犯罪意识支配犯罪动机转化为犯罪行为。根据青少年犯罪心理动力系统形成之特点 ,针对性地采取措施 ,预防青少年犯罪心理的形成。     

父母教养方式与儿童社会期望相关性研究

作者以某市三所小学部分学生为被试，就父母教养方式与儿童社会期望的关系问题展开调查。结果表明，在情感温暖、过分保护干涉、拒绝否认等维度上，子女对母亲教养方式的报告明显高于父母教养方式的报告得分，但在处罚严厉上得分低于父亲，且过分干涉、过分保护、拒绝否认等维度上存在性别差异，儿童社会期望男女差异显著，父母教养方式与儿童社会期望存在一定程度的相关。     

“My Kids,They Safe.”: Lived Experiences of Parents Receiving Child Neglect Allegations

Abstract

This study aims to explore parents’ lived experiences of receiving child neglect allegations and how they make sense of these experiences. The sample consists of parents who participated in a family preservation program following allegations of child neglect. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The findings suggest that parents resist neglect allegations, both by denial and minimization, partly due to their lack of clear understanding of what constitutes child neglect. Further, parents in this study tended to be reactive to meanings ascribed to the label of child neglect rather than the allegations per se. They seemed to experience internal conflict between their positive evaluations of their own parenting and what their neglect allegations might imply about their parenting. Parents also experienced emotional distress, such as concern about social stigma and fear of losing their parental rights, as they tried to make sense of their current situations. Suggested implications for practice include exploring parents’ subjective understanding of their allegations and considering their unique familial and sociocultural contexts from the outset of their involvement with child protective services (CPS) in order to build a collaborative working alliance.     

全面二孩政策背景下婴幼儿照料对女性工资收入的影响研究

照料孩子往往使职业女性遭受"生育工资惩罚",全面二孩政策是否会加重这种"惩罚"?研究基于广东省的问卷数据,得出如下结论:在孩子0—3岁时母亲的照料时间付出会对其工资产生负向影响;相比于一孩母亲,照料孩子的时间付出对二孩母亲工资的负向影响更强;对婴幼儿照料的支持有助于提高母亲的工资;综合考量规模优势、幼儿早教、健康卫生等因素,托幼机构照料是几种照料方式中最优的。为降低母亲照料孩子的代价并提高全面二孩政策的实施效果,研究建议:政府应大力发展低龄幼儿托育机构,建立托育服务基本保障体系,并出台政策支持不同社会主体提供多层次的托育服务,以满足家庭不断增长的托育需求。     

Correlates of the Co-Occurrence of Wife Abuse and Child Abuse Among a Representative Sample

The co-occurrence of domestic violence and child abuse is well documented (Appel, A. E., & Holden, G. W. (1998). J. Fam. Psychol. 12: 578–599; Edleson, J. L. (1999). Violence Against Women 5: 134–154). However, little is known about the correlates of co-occurring wife and child abuse. Analyzing data from the 1985 National Family Violence Survey (subsample N = 2733), this study identified risk factors associated with the co-occurrence of wife and child abuse. One-way ANOVA and chi-square analyses were conducted to compare characteristics of parents, children, and households among subgroups of families reporting some form of abuse. Key differences emerged between the three types of homes compared (i.e., those with child abuse alone, wife abuse alone, or wife and child abuse), indicating possibly distinct etiologies and processes. In particular, the co-occurrence of wife and child abuse was marked by less education, worse health, increased reports of depression, and increased husband drug use. Findings may be useful to practitioners and researchers interested in risk factors for different forms of family violence.The total does not equal 100% because certain states report more than one form of maltreatment per child.     

后现代思潮与叙事心理学

后现代思潮对科学主义在社会科学研究中霸主地位的否定,引起了包括心理学、人类学等有关学科在内的“叙事革命”。作为心理学领域内革命成果的叙事心理学,实质上体现了一种新的研究范式。它比起传统的心理学研究范式自有深刻之处。叙事以其建构意义、追寻价值、创造生活的独特性,将使心理学在为解决人的现实心理问题、提高人的生活质量服务的追求中发挥重要作用。     

邪教“法轮功”消极影响的社会心理学探析

文章从社会心理学的角度 ,探寻了“法轮功”消极影响形成的主、客观原因 ,并且从社会和个人两方面提出了应对措施 :避免规范失衡的长期存在 ,培养人们正确的归因模式和认知的独立性。     

开设心理素质教育与训练课程的构想

司法警察院校的学生是未来的监狱、劳教人民警察,其素质的高低,特别是心理素质状况直接关系到日后的工作质量、执法水平。司法警察院校有必要开设“心理素质教育与训练”课程,并在教与学、学与训中不断完善其课程体系。     

从"五项因素公式"看社会心理的重要地位和作用

本文通过对普列汉诺夫"五项因素公式"的分析,深入探讨了社会心理作为一个独立要素在社会结构中的重要地位和作用,提出重视并加强社会心理的研究,不仅对丰富和发展唯物史观具有重要的理论价值,而且对正确引导社会心理健康发展,以推进和深化改革也具有重大的实践意义.     

An Evaluation of the Use of Videotaped Evidence for Juvenile Witnesses in Criminal Courts in England and Wales

For the first time, the UK Criminal Justice Act (1991) allowed the videotaped evidence of a child to be substituted for the child's evidence-in-chief in a criminal court. The present study is an evaluation of that legislation. One hundred and fifty children were observed testifying in a criminal court in the UK. The use of the videotaped evidence and subsequent cross-examination of the child witness (usually via the closed circuit television system) was also observed. The data base from the Lord Chancellor's Department of all trials involving child witnesses in England and Wales was also analysed. The results showed that the introduction of the video technology into the criminal courts reduced the levels of stress of child witnesses but did not increase the conviction rates.