A Pilot Study Examining the Reduction of Trauma Symptomatology in Families to Prevent Child Abuse And Neglect: Trauma Adapted Family Connections

This article presents the preliminary outcomes of a 6-month, in-home trauma-adapted neglect prevention program intended to reduce trauma-related risk factors in families and increase caregiver, child, and family well-being. Standardized measures were administered via a computer assisted self-interview (CASI) at intake and case closure. At the time of the analyses 72 caregivers and 105 children completed both an intake and closing CASI. Significant differences were found over time in the reduction of caregiver and child related post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptomatology. Outcomes in overall caregiver, child, and family well-being and safety significantly improved over time. Evidence suggests that trauma adaptation of the empirically supported neglect prevention program shows great promise in filling a service gap and in helping families who are chronically traumatized and struggling to meet their children's basic needs.     

基于个体心理视角下的网络谣言规律研究

谣言几乎与人类历史同龄。近年来,随着互联网的普及以及社会文化的变迁,网络谣言变得随处可见。而随着网络谣言的蔓延,社会的稳定也在不断受到影响。从心理学角度来看,网络谣言的产生和传播是由多种心理因素共同而形成的结果。掌握网络谣言的产生与发展所蕴含的心理因素,对于我们有效辨别谣言、控制舆论、维护社会稳定有着重要意义。     

Urgent issues and prospects at the intersection of culture,memory, and witness interviews: Exploring the challenges for research and practice

The pursuit of justice increasingly relies on productive interactions between witnesses and investigators from diverse cultural backgrounds during investigative interviews. To date, the role of cultural context has largely been ignored by researchers in the field of investigative interviewing, despite repeated requests from practitioners and policymakers for evidence-based guidance for the conduct of interviews with people from different cultures. Through examining cultural differences in human memory and communication and considering specific contextual challenges for investigative interviewing through the lens of culture, this review and associated commentaries highlight the scope for considering culture and human diversity in research on, and the practice of, investigative interviewing with victims, witnesses, and other sources. Across 11 commentaries, contributors highlight the importance of considering the role of culture in different investigative interviewing practices (e.g., rapport building, questioning techniques) and contexts (e.g., gender-based violence, asylum seeking, child abuse), address common areas of cultural mismatch between interviewer–interviewee expectations, and identify critical future routes for research. We call for an increased focus in the investigative interviewing literature on the nature and needs of our global community and encourage constructive and collaborative discussion between researchers and practitioners from around the world to better identify specific challenges and work together towards evidence-based solutions.     

“心理模块性”思想的历史演变及其当下意义

本文较为系统而全面地追溯了"心理模块性"思想在西方心理学中源远流长的历史。通过概述柏拉图灵魂三分法、笛卡尔知觉与判断力、加尔官能心理学、康德感性与知性、皮亚杰知觉与概念的旁系关系、乔姆斯基语言模块、平克语言本能和福多心理模块的思想,从而深入挖掘了其丰富的思想内涵及现时代意义。     

廉洁从政心理教育体系的构建

腐败心理的形成有一个由量的积累到质的变化的渐进过程,并经历认识蜕变、心理畸变、人格裂变等不同阶段。在腐败行为中,认知的蜕变、心理的畸变和人格的裂变是互相联系和渗透的,共同构成腐败心理的一般特征。要从源头上做好反腐倡廉工作,必须加强廉政心理教育。构建集廉政心理教育机制、自我心理约束机制、腐败心理预警机制、腐败心理矫正机制为一体的廉洁从政心理教育体系,以筑牢廉洁从政的心理防线。     

警务实战中的警察心理研究

警务实战中的警察心理是警察在警务实战过程中表现出来的,对警务实战效果有直接而显著影响的心理品质的总和。结合心理理论基础和警务战术理论基础对警务实战中警察心理进行研究,对培养警察以良好的心理素质开展工作,执行任务有非常重要的意义。通过对警察心理的个性特征和群体特征的深入研究,提出警务实战中的警察心理训练应该建构起一套科学的、有序的、有层次的、有目标的训练体系。     

高职学生英语教学对策——如何克服高职学生不爱学英语的现象

高职学生不爱学英语是普遍现象,这与学生来源状况,英语基础现状和学习心理状况有着密切的关系,而直接的原因主要包括教学环境、教师水平和考试评估方法等外部因素和学习动机、英语基础与学习方法等内部因素。要克服高职学生不爱学英语的现象,应从外部和内部因素着手。     

社会心理失衡的深层原因透视

社会群体在社会变革中的不断分化、组合，以及人们的经济、政治、文化、社会地位和角色的变化，使得不同利益群体的社会心理呈现出多样化、复杂化的情形。社会转型给人们带来的困惑和迷茫，又往往会以社会心理的集中反映所表现出来。分析当前由于种种原因导致的心理失衡现象，以及由此引发的信仰危机、道德失范、教育困境以及弱势群体的边缘化等问题，在理论研究和社会实践中都具有一定的价值。     

反黑斗争中的证人与证人保护

反黑斗争中，证人问题是必须进行研究的重要问题。本文从三个方面论述了黑恶势力犯罪的证人问题：1.划分了反黑斗争中的证人类型。它包括知情人、被害人及目击者。由于各自所处的地位不同，因此各类证人有其不同的心理表现；2.对黑社会犯罪的证人不愿作证或不作证的主要客观社会因素和条件进行了分析；3.为了更有力地打击黑恶势力犯罪，证人保护问题是不容忽视的重要问题。笔者就国内外有关证人保护的现状和问题进行了叙述，并说明我国极需要对证人保护进行专门立法。