Don’t push too hard. Examining the managerial behaviours of local authorities in collaborative networks with nonprofit organisations

In recent years, collaborative networks have been at the forefront of theoretical, empirical and practical research into local governance. Nevertheless, the managerial behaviours local managers should employ in order to improve the performance of these networks are unclear. Following scholars' examinations of governance and the complementary relationship between government bodies and nonprofit organisations, we empirically examined – so far as we know for the first time – the relationship between local authority managerial behaviours towards nonprofit organisations, and the performance of collaborative networks. We found that above and beyond micro- and macro-level factors, the more the local authority employs inclusive governance and financial support behaviours towards the nonprofit organisation, the higher the performance of the collaborative network. In addition, the more the local authority employs monitoring-controlling behaviours, the lower the performance of the collaborative network. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are developed in the context of local governance.     

Relationships of control and relationships of engagement: how educator intentions intersect with student experiences of restorative justice

The practice and popularity of restorative justice (RJ) in education has been growing in recent years. RJ can be understood in dramatically different ways by those implementing it. For some, RJ is about creating an environment of and for student engagement that challenges traditional systems of discipline and facilitates learning. For others, RJ is simply another tool for solidifying compliance and meting out punishment, albeit in a kinder, gentler way. This comparative case study focused on the use of RJ in one school in Scotland and one in Canada, exploring the intersection between educator intentions and student experiences. I determined that the key element is not the implementation of RJ, but the school’s predominant relational objectives. In a school where relational objectives are of social control, RJ is utilized to strengthen that control. Where the relational objectives are of social engagement, RJ is utilized to strengthen that engagement. RJ in schools is a window into what is most fundamental to students: relationships. The study argues that RJ, by itself, does not guarantee certain qualities of relationship, but it does allow us to examine those qualities and ask questions of how school relationships are used to engage and/or control students.     

创伤性骨关节炎法医学鉴定41例分析

目的探讨创伤性骨关节炎的法医学鉴定要点。方法总结苏州同济司法鉴定所2006~2010年受理的41例创伤性骨关节炎法医临床学鉴定案例,对被鉴定人的性别、年龄、致伤方式、损伤部位、损伤形态、影像学表现、治疗方式、创伤性骨关节炎确诊的时间间隔等资料进行回顾性统计、分析。结果法医学检验检见生理结构破坏合并功能障碍7例,功能障碍30例,生理结构与功能检查均未见明显异常9例,另2例临床于外伤后短时间内即诊断为创伤性骨关节炎的,法医学鉴定时未予认定。创伤性骨关节炎影像学表现的严重程度与疼痛、功能障碍等临床表现并没有显著的相关性。结论创伤性骨关节炎作为骨折后常见的并发症之一,好发于负重关节,发生的间隔时间不一,其临床表现严重程度较影像学表现对法医学鉴定意见的意义更大。     

The Strange Career of British Democracy: John Milton to Gordon Brown

Political debate in modern Britain has been structured by four narratives or traditions, called here ‘Whig imperialist’, ‘Tory nationalist’, ‘democratic collectivist’ and ‘democratic republican’. The Whig imperialist tradition goes back to Edmund Burke; it is a tradition of responsive evolution, flexible statecraft, genial optimism and abhorrence of dogmatic absolutes. It prevailed for most of the nineteenth century, for most of the interwar period and for most of the 1950s and early‐1960s. Its Tory nationalist counterpart is tense, rebarbative and often shrill. At its core lies a primal fear of the dissolution of authority and a collapse of the social order. Its most notable exponents include Lord Salisbury, Enoch Powell and Margaret Thatcher. The democratic collectivist tradition stresses ineluctable progress towards a just and rational society, to be achieved by a strong, essentially technocratic central state, with the power and will to replace the wasteful, unjust chaos of the market place by planned co‐ordination. Formative influences on it were the great Fabian socialists, George Bernard Shaw and Sidney and Beatrice Webb; it achieved its apotheosis under the Attlee Government of 1945‐51. The democratic republican tradition is much more inchoate: its exponents have been the awkward squad of British democracy. The most glittering stars in the democratic republican firmament were probably John Milton, John Stuart Mill and R.H. Tawney. It stresses active self‐government and republican self respect, embodied in a vigorous civil society and strong local authorities. During the ninety‐odd years since Britain belatedly acquired a more‐or‐less democratic suffrage, the first three traditions have all been tested, almost to destruction. But though the fourth has had great influence on social movements of all kinds, governments at the centre have done little more than toy with it, usually for brief periods. The great question now is whether Britain is about to experience a democratic republican moment.     

论计算机辅助教学与化学教学的关系

计算机辅助教学是利用文字、图像、声音等多种媒体向学生传递信息的一种教学方式。由于计算机具有图、文、声、像特点,所以应用计算机辅助教学可以提高教学效果,改善教学环境。     

环境行政公益诉讼的原告资格探析

环境利益是社会公共利益,随着经济的发展,环境问题日趋严重,行政机关的行政行为侵犯公众环境权的事例在现实生活中屡屡发生,建立健全环境行政公益诉讼制度成为当务之急,对于保护环境公益,推动行政权法制化有重要意义。构建原告资格及制定相应的制度,赋予公民、社会团体、检察院提起环境行政诉讼的权利,是建立环境行政公益诉讼的重要内容。     

利益关系的法律调整与和谐社会的构建

和谐社会的核心是利益和谐,利益均衡是构建和谐社会的本质要求。而实现分配正义和利益关系的均衡则是法律的基本价值与功能。因此,在和谐社会的构建过程中必须完善以利益协调为基础的法律调控机制,以建立一个有能力解决利益矛盾和化解利益冲突,并由此实现利益趋于均衡的社会。     

我国《劳动合同法》中的倾斜保护与利益平衡

法律在调整劳动者与用人单位之间劳动关系的过程中,一直强调倾斜保护劳动者。《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》在具体的制度设计中均体现了对劳动者的倾斜保护,如用人单位规章制度的制定、成立无固定期限劳动合同的情形以及劳动者的单方预告解除权等。但倾斜保护并非没有限度,倾斜保护的目的是改善劳动者的弱势地位,实现其与用人单位的实质平等,最终实现二者之间的利益平衡。失去了利益平衡的目标,倾斜保护就不符合正义的要求,不具有正当性。通过倾斜保护实现利益平衡是构建和谐劳动关系、促进经济发展的必然要求。     

社会主义革命时期毛泽东对央地关系的探索及启示

社会主义革命时期,毛泽东高度重视中央和地方关系,他对正确处理中央和地方关系的探索经历了三个重要阶段:新中国成立初期,毛泽东根据中国各地经济社会发展不平衡的现实条件,提出了统一与因地制宜相结合的原则,促进了国家整合、政权巩固和经济恢复;社会主义改造开始时,他主张学习苏联,进一步加强中央权力;社会主义改造后期,针对经济建设当中出现的诸多问题,他开始反思高度集中的领导体制,倡导放权给地方,发挥中央和地方两个积极性。毛泽东对中央和地方关系的处理,既表现出了较强的灵活性,又坚持了基本的政治原则,并注重学习借鉴外国的经验教训。他在探索中形成的实践经验和理论认识对于当代中国的国家治理具有重要的启示意义。     

构建劳动与资本的和谐关系

劳资关系的和谐是构建和谐社会的基本要素,要实现全社会效率跃迁的规则体系需要劳动与资本关系的和谐。构建和谐的劳资关系要形成劳动者能力的平等,要优化资本与劳动的比率,通过调整收入分配格局改变劳动与资本收益不平衡状态。