Conceptualizing economic security and governance: China confronts globalization

Abstract

With the expansion and deepening of globalization, as well as China's entry into the World Trade Organization, the nexus between economic growth and national security has gained prominence in China since the mid-1990s. How to ensure socio-economic security while maintaining its robust economic growth is now the most serious concern of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Chinese government. This paper addresses three questions: first, it explores why and how the transformation of economic growth and national security as two separate logics to a single domain evolved conceptually over the past two decades in China; second, what kinds of insecurities are generated by China's robust economic growth coupled with the expansion and deepening of globalization, and in which way and to what extent do they challenge China's government; third, what kinds of mechanisms or policy instruments have been adopted by China's government to address emerging economic insecurities while maintaining robust economic growth. The paper concludes that in the case of China, globalization has posed new challenges to economic security, but given that economic insecurity has its particular salience in individual countries, national institutional adjustment or adaptation becomes increasingly important for each country to govern in the interests of economic security while maintaining economic growth.     

论建设工程合同规范定位的嬗变及完善

建设工程合同的规范调整,经历了从统一到分离的长期演变过程,其最终从承揽合同中分离乃因其规范的法律关系的特殊性。然而此种特殊性已非民事合同规范所能容纳或解决,未来建设工程合同制度的规范定位,有待注重商事合同规则和社会公共利益的要求。     

刑事诉讼法修改如何调整证据制度

证据概念以材料说代替事实说欠妥,可以考虑三种处理方式,倾向于删去关于证据定义的规定。证据分类应注意笔录证据规定的周延性,不应仅限于列举的几种,还应包含其他侦查行为笔录及审判笔录。证据排除规则,应当根据实践需要进一步明确排除范围,尤其对"等"字应作适当界定,防止过于宽泛无法把握。直接言辞证据规则,不仅需要规定证人出庭义务及保障措施,更应当限制书面证词的使用。就行政机关所取证据的司法运用,应当明确限制行政执法机关所取言词证据用于司法。有必要规定证据裁判原则;必须遵守质证原则,反对脱离庭审秘密核实证据。     

对赌协议的法律构造与定性观察

对赌协议虽有赌博的字眼与表征,但与零和博弈的赌博存在本质的分歧与泾渭分明的界限。对赌协议是私法上财产自我估值机制的一种形式,是私募股权投资中常用的估值调整机制。作为一种金融创新工具,即可降低投资方的代理成本,又可降低融资方的融资成本。对赌协议作为一种非典型合同,与附生效条件合同貌合神离,可归结为射幸合同,在我国现行法律框架下,私募股权投资中对赌协议的运行不存在任何合法性障碍。     

应对低碳壁垒我国对外贸易的政策调整与法制完善

全球气候异常变暖和环境持续恶化使低碳和节能减排成为当前最热门的话题。低碳的兴起是世界人民对保护环境的清醒认识和实践,其对改善全球生态环境的积极影响是毋庸置疑的;但是,由此形成的低碳壁垒给国际贸易关系带来的巨变也是不容忽视的。针对单个国家来说,低碳热潮带来的机遇和危机并存,因此,如何预见危机而发现机遇,消除危机而创造机遇,是提升本国在国际贸易中地位的重要举措。     

违约金数额司法调整的适用问题

违约金可分为惩罚性违约金和补偿性违约金,不同性质的违约金功能各异,适用的法律效果也不同。对违约金约定数额的调整,应以违约造成的实际损失为基础,遵循公平和诚信原则,一般应根据当事人申请进行,但是,在特殊情形下,法院亦可依职权主动调整。在调整规则上,还应适用可预见性、减轻损害、损益相抵等限制性规则,结合当事人过错程度、合同履行情况以及当事人实际履行能力等因素综合予以考量,从而做出符合公平正义的裁判。