美国“新门罗主义”拉美政策及面临的挑战

自特朗普政府上任以来,美国对拉美政策奉行“新门罗主义”,加大了对拉美国家的干预,反映在经济、政治和安全等领域,如鼓噪“美国优先”,大打“贸易牌”“移民牌”,使前任奥巴马政府与古巴关系正常化的努力出现全面倒退,甚至拒绝承认委内瑞拉民选总统马杜罗而另行“任命”一个代理总统瓜伊多等。当今世界处于百年未有之大变局,拉美政治、经济格局也经历着深刻变化。中国、俄罗斯等在拉美的影响力不断增强。“一带一路”倡议在拉美落地生根,深化了中拉政治、经济互信;俄罗斯强硬支持委内瑞拉加剧了美俄博弈,导致美国“后院失火”的可能性增大,迫使特朗普深度调整美国对拉美政策。这一政策调整对美国究竟意味着全球战略扩张还是战略收缩,值得探讨。特朗普的拉美政策不仅会影响美拉关系及美拉双方的发展,也将影响中拉关系的发展。本文尝试对美国“新门罗主义”拉美政策的现状、原因和影响进行分析,并考察其面临的挑战。     

“三农问题重中之重”与我国教育体制的适应性调整

落实“三农问题重中之重”的发展战略,有赖于强化农业和农村教育。目前高等教育出现的淡化农业农村教育的倾向与执政党加强农业基础地位的发展目标不相适应,应该认真调整教育结构和内容：一是在教育上落实对农业农民的“多子”政策;二是在与“三农”相当的教育领域推进创新型国家战略;三是凡国家财政支持的公立高校,都要承担起配合新农村建设,为“三农”服务的责任。     

Adolescents’ Experiences of Victimization: The Role of Attribution Style and Generalized Trust

Positive attribution style, negative attribution style, and generalized peer trust beliefs were examined as mediators in the relationship between adolescents’ peer victimization experiences and psychosocial and school adjustment. A total of 280 (150 female and 130 males, M_age = 13 years 4 months, SD_age = 1 year 1 month) adolescents completed measures of peer victimization, global self-worth, depressive symptoms, social confidence, school liking, loneliness, attribution styles, and generalized trust beliefs. Multigroup path analysis revealed that: (a) negative attribution style mediated the relationship between cyber victimization and school liking and depressive symptoms for males and females; (b) positive attribution style mediated the relationship between cyber victimization, school liking, global self-worth, and depressive symptoms for females; and (c) generalized peer trust beliefs mediated the relationship between social victimization, depressive symptoms, social confidence, and loneliness for females. Consequently, attribution style and generalized trust beliefs differentially influence the relationship between peer victimization and adjustment.     

Searching for historical analogies in political economy: the Baltic states and the gold standard regime

This article compares the contemporary politico-economic regime in the Baltic countries with the classical gold standard regime, which successfully functioned in the Western world from 1870 until 1914. Both the classical gold standard system and the Baltic political economies were based on a hard currency peg policy supported by a high degree of economic flexibility. Politically, this flexibility was ensured by a strong insulation of economic policy-making due to a weak political left. Furthermore, the classical gold standard system and the Baltic regimes shared an ideational consensus supporting economic liberalism in general and hard currency peg policy in particular.     

论美国贸易自由化进程中贸易调整援助制度

当今世界,以区域贸易协定（RTA）和自由贸易协定（FTA）为代表的区域经济一体化和自由化的发展日趋迅猛,发达国家在实施贸易自由化、区域经济一体化乃至经济全球化过程中,对旨在因此进程而受到牺牲的产业、企业、工人和农民的利益实施补偿和援助的配套制度建设高度重视。而发端于欧洲经济共同体、而后被美国发扬光大的贸易调整援助（TAA）制度,正是上述贸易自由化和区域经济一体化配套制度的支柱之一。在进一步推进贸易自由化过程中,我国一方面应大胆借鉴欧美的TAA制度,另一方面也应当汲取发达国家在实施TAA项目过程中的教训,在保留TAA制度合理内核的基础上注意扬弃和克服这一制度的缺陷和弊端。     

陕北退耕还林后农村产业演进及后续发展对策研究——以吴起县为例

在对吴起县调查的基础上,本文以陕北地区退耕还林工程实施后农村产业结构的变化和后续发展对策为研究目标,探讨了陕北土地资源利用、农业生产结构调整、粮食作物、经济作物、水果生产和畜牧业合理配置和发展问题。最后,提出了调动农民致富积极性,继续改善农业生产条件,扩大节水农作物种植规模,根据地方资源禀赋大力发展替代产业等政策建议。     

Technocracy Questioned: Assessing Economic Stabilisation in Nicaragua

Abstract — The Chamorro government (1990–1996) has finally achieved stabilisation in Nicaragua. At first sight, this government has been a classic example of technocracy, implementing stabilisation and structural adjustment policies as recommended by the IMF and the World Bank. The paper argues that the IMF and the World Bank did have a considerable influence on economic policies, but that these policies suffered from limitations. The priority of internal stabilisation implied that insufficient attention was paid to the external balance, and the liberalisations and privatisations did not create a competitive market economy, but tended to favour a small group. Furthermore, the foreign aid that accompanied the programmes permitted this discretionary government behaviour.     

近期朝鲜经济发展变化及中韩的作用

朝鲜自2002年7月开始实行经济管理调整措施以来已经历了五个年头,此间在经济发展政策上虽然做过一些调整,但总体政策上却没有发生明显的变化。经济上出现了恢复性的好转,可是,短期内还很难从根本上改变经济困难局面。中韩两国均是朝鲜的近邻,目前都与朝鲜建立了较为密切的经济往来关系,为缓解朝鲜的经济困难给予了较多的支援,对朝鲜经济的恢复和发展发挥了积极的作用,而且今后的作用会愈来愈明显。     

加快推进结构调整 实现长春经济跨越式发展

长春市经济结构主要问题是产业结构低度化、调整机制尚未形成、城镇化水平低。只有加快结构调整,才能实现跨越式发展。调整必须确定新的思路,用高技术特别是信息技术改造和提升传统产业,创造新的优势：用信息化和城镇化推动农村结构调整,创造独特优势;调整所有制结构,创造体制优势。长春市经济结构调整和跨越式发展的有利条件包括调整和发展面临难得的历史机遇,调整和发展的空间广阔,物质技术基础雄厚等。     

继父母子女关系的法律调适

在家庭关系中,继父母子女关系由于产生的特殊性、关系的复杂性、权利义务的不确定性和关系维持的艰难性与长期性的特点,而必须重视对其的法律调适问题.但由于我国婚姻法对这一关系的规定过于原则、简约,在实践中带来了一些问题,其中尤以对继父母子女权利义务关系规定的不明确造成的矛盾最为突出.对这些问题,有必要进行分析研究并加以解决.