论民法的商法化与商法的民法化--兼谈我国民法典编纂的基本理念和思路

传统的民商分立和民商合一都有其历史的局限性,现代各国都在根据自己的国情对传统的民商立法模式进行适当调整.在民商关系的处理上我们应当充分借鉴其他国家的立法经验.我国民法典制定的基本思路是在对传统私法做成功的现代转化的前提下,制定一部民商混合的法典,即在正确界定和承认民法和商法差别的基础上,以商法编的方式对民商法进行统一立法.     

论商品房买卖合同中的惩罚性赔偿

《关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》所称的“买受人”,即购房人应为生活需要购买商品房的消费者。该《解释》不是对消费者权益保护法或合同法的直接适用,而是缺乏法律依据的司法创制。该《解释》规定适用惩罚性赔偿的其中三种情形值得推敲。     

中俄国际商事合同之国际贸易法适用

中国和俄罗斯是世界市场的成员,中、俄企业家在进行对外贸易活动时必须关注国际性的原则和规定.国际贸易法文件的适用能够帮助两国的商人按照国际标准来确定他们之间的法律关系,从而进行对外贸易活动.本篇文章的目标是研究在中俄贸易中《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》、《国际贸易术语解释通则》、交货共同条件以及国际标准合同的适用,并分析与这些文件适用有关的问题.     

论国际商事仲裁与国际民事诉讼法律适用的主要区别——兼论《合同法》第126条第2款在国际商事仲裁中的适用

国际商事仲裁和国际民事诉讼都是解决国际民商事争议的重要途径,但是两者在法律适用上面存在很大区别。本文从仲裁协议、仲裁程序和仲裁实体法的适用等方面揭示了国际商事仲裁的复杂性;随后从规范准据法的法律载体、确定准据法的法律原则和适用意思自治原则等方面就国际民事诉讼与国际商事仲裁实体法适用的主要区别展开了论述;最后本文就我国《合同法》第126条第2款是否必须适用于国际商事仲裁进行了有益的探讨。     

日本海法生成与体系研究

阐释了日本海法的生成与体系,论述了其成长过程及规律,指出日本海法继受了《德国商法典》体例,在具体制度上兼采法国商法商行为主义和德国商法商人主义,同时还在判例法、习惯法等形式以及优先适用国际条约等形式引入英美海法制度的兼容并蓄的折衷法系的特点。     

对商业贿赂立法的几点思考

商业贿赂现象在我国相当严重,已经引起广泛关注。如何才能有效地反商业贿赂,本文从立法的角度提出了几点建议。     

民商立法体制考评——兼论中国民商立法体制之选择

在我国制定民法典之际,民商立法体制不仅是一个不容回避的问题,而且对其研究还有重大的经济、政治和文化意义。考察大陆法系各国的民商立法体制,除了民商分立和民商合一外,还有中国式的分合折衷体制。民商分立不仅仅是一个“历史问题”,民商合一也并非“当今世界立法之最新潮流”。旧中国选择分合折衷体制,其理论根据并非妥适,从有利于发展市场经济,倡导和弘扬工商文化的角度出发,当代中国应选择和推行民商分立体制。     

读者的阅读期待与30年代的文学出版

20世纪30年代的政治文化背景形成的特殊政治文化心理支配着30年代的文学阅读和文学创作;读者的阅读期待通过市场作用于文学出版业,使其呈现政治倾向性和商业趋利的奇特合一。     

Rising Damp in the Suburbs. Or ‘Whatever Happened to the Villa Tory?’

The suburban areas that were initially stereotyped in the late nineteenth century as ‘Villa Tory’ strongholds and exemplified by Hackney and Islington had, by the 1980s, become ‘bedsitter’ areas dominated by the political left. An examination of the evolution of electoral behaviour in these areas shows that conservatism did indeed dominate the villa suburbs, and that although there were previous intimations of decline, it was not until 1945 that Labour broke the Conservatives’ grip. The causes of this are identified as an outward movement of the population to interwar suburbia, the breaking up of villas into flats, and Labour's increasing appeal to middle class electors. In this category of seats, Labour has outperformed the party's national achievement consistently since 1955; the party's exceptional results here in the 2017 election are, therefore, a new peak on a long‐term trend rather than a breakthrough.     

Housing Voucher Take‐Up and Labor Market Impacts

Low participation rates in government assistance programs are a major policy concern in the United States. This paper studies take‐up of Section 8 housing vouchers, a program in which take‐up rates are quite low among interested and eligible households. We link 18,109 households in Chicago that were offered vouchers through a lottery to administrative data and study how baseline employment, earnings, public assistance, arrests, residential location, and children's academic performance predict take‐up. Our analysis finds mixed evidence of whether the most disadvantaged or distressed households face the largest barriers to program participation. We also study the causal impact of peer behavior on take‐up by exploiting idiosyncratic variation in the timing of voucher offers. We find that the probability of lease‐up increases with the number of neighbors who recently received voucher offers. Finally, we explore the policy implications of increasing housing voucher take‐up by applying reweighting methods to existing causal impact estimates of voucher receipt. This analysis suggests that greater utilization of vouchers may lead to larger reductions in labor market activity. Differences in take‐up rates across settings may be important to consider when assessing the external validity of studies identifying the effects of public assistance programs.