宁夏干部精神状态分析

宁夏干部目前精神状态值得肯定的方面是具有务实的工作作风、吃苦耐劳的精神品质、耐得住清贫的心理素质。存在的问题表现为争先意识较差、自足自满情绪较盛、干事业的激情不足、开拓创新的意识不强、迎难而上的锐气不够。在贯彻科学发展观的实践过程中,应防止将开拓发展与科学发展观、敢于发展与善于发展对立起来,重点克服“稳”字当头的保守理念和庸碌无为的精神状态。     

试论俄罗斯刑事附带民事诉讼赔偿制度

在国际人权保障制度中,对被害人人权保障是一项非常重要的内容,其中确立给予被害人精神损害赔偿,目前世界许多国家在立法上都有规定。现行的《俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼法典》确立了刑事附带民事诉讼制度,对刑事被害人的精神损害赔偿问题进行了较为明确的规定。第44条规定了附带民事诉讼的民事原告人对于犯罪行为所受到的直接损害可以要求物质损害赔偿和精神损害赔偿。这种规定能够保障使得财产蒙受损失的被害人的正常生活或生产活动,对被害人精神上受到的伤害进行抚慰,从而全面地维护其合法权益。俄罗斯刑事附带民事诉讼赔偿制度在一定程度上为人权保障与国际接轨建立了通道。     

A Multilevel Framework for Effective Interagency Collaboration in Mental Health

The difficulty of coordinating service provision in interagency programs is a challenge for many working in public policy. We reflect on lessons learned through evaluating two inter‐agency supported housing programs for people with mental illness and propose a framework outlining components needed for well co‐ordinated service provision. We specify collaborative mechanisms at the policy, agency, service and client level. The key component is the role of an ‘integration coordinator': a person who is able to facilitate relationships and ensure effective information flows. Relationships need to be actively maintained to meet the inevitable challenges that will arise in complex interagency systems. The framework is relevant to policymakers across the public sector, including mental health, drug and alcohol, aged care, and policing.     

法国“精神卫生分区化治疗模式”的发展与启示

基于我国目前社区精神病学的发展需要,文章以欧洲精神病学发展史为背景探讨“法国精神卫生分区化治疗模式”得以实现的历史条件及过程。我们认为精神病学在19世纪中叶以后的新发展,即二战后改革派精神病科医生基于圣 阿尔拜精神病院的成功经验而构建的“组织性精神疗法”为该模式的实现提供了科学技术支撑,同时,年轻的精神病科医生们为推广“组织性精神疗法”而做出的政治宣传、教育培训活动则为该治疗模式的实现获得了有利的社会政治资源。文末,我们对法国目前“精神卫生分区化治疗模式”具体架构及运行情况做了介绍并总结评论其对我国社区精神卫生工作的启示。     

对新《刑法》第18条的理解与运用

本文就我国新刑法第18条中精神病的涵义,精神病患者刑事责任能力评定,精神病的医学鉴定以及对精神病人的监护治疗问题谈个人看法。供执法者和鉴定工作者在处理有关精神疾病案件时参考。     

精神病人刑事责任能力评定标准探讨

刑事责任能力直接关系着刑事案件的定性与处理,其评定要件目前倾向认为有医学要件(标准)与法学要件(标准),但对法学要件一直缺乏明确的规定和统一认识,严重影响鉴定结论的一致性与科学性,因此亟待制订刑事责任能力评定的相关行业标准。长期以来,责任能力的评定大多是经验式判断,缺乏客观的评定工具,虽然也强调应该根据法学要件即辨认与控制能力具体分析其责任能力大小,但实践中评定模式仍多是重点考察作案当时行为人的精神状态。我们认为,精神障碍只是责任能力评定的基础,而不是其决定因素,决定责任能力大小的只能是作案时其辨认或控制能力的程度。评定刑事责任能力,首先应考察其精神状态,如果精神状态正常,即可认定为具有完全刑事责任能力;如果患有某种精神障碍,就应该去重点考察其辨认或控制能力受损的程度,再根据这种受损程度的大小相应评定,因为所有的精神障碍的落脚点都是其辨认或控制能力的受损情况。同时,为避免过去经验式判断的主观性,在相关评定标准中应该要求辅以标准化评定工具,以提高评定结果的科学性与客观性。     

中国精神损害赔偿制度的理论基础和适用法律重读－－兼评《最高人民法院关于确定民事侵权精神损害赔偿责任若干问题的解释》

精神损害赔偿是近年来我国民法界和司法界讨论的热门课题。通过分析精神损害赔偿制度确立及成因背景,探究百年来争论未定的精神损害赔偿的法哲理基础和社会功能,结合最新司法解释,重新诠释中国法律,中国精神损害赔偿制度取得了巨大进步。     

Informal powers and the removal of Aboriginal children: Consequences for health and social order

Current high levels of morbidity and mortality, and high rates of incarceration among Australian Aboriginal populations are related historically to the attempted separation of Aboriginal people from family and community. The paper discusses these events through an analysis of legal and extra-legal forms of power in the late 19th century in Victoria, and through an analysis of the workings of the informal powers of administrators and mission superintendents, within a broader framework of liberal political reason.     

MENTAL HEALTH AND JUVENILE ARRESTS: CRIMINALITY,CRIMINALIZATION, OR COMPASSION?*

Juveniles in secure confinement allegedly suffer from more mental health problems than their peers. This may reflect background and behavioral characteristics commonly found in clients of both mental health and juvenile justice systems. Another explanation is that mental disorders increase the risk of arrest. These interpretations were tested on a sample of Pittsburgh boys (n = 736). Findings indicate that arrested youth exhibit more attention deficit hyperactivity (ADH) problems, oppositional defiant (OD) problems, and nondelinquent externalizing symptoms prior to their first arrests compared to their never‐arrested peers. However, arrested and nonarrested youth score similarly on prior affective and anxiety problems and internalizing symptoms. Net of delinquency, substance use, and other selection factors, internalizing problems lower the risk of subsequent arrest, whereas OD problems and nondelinquent externalizing symptoms increase it. ADH problems have no effect on arrest net of delinquency and substance use. These findings lend only partial support to the criminalization hypothesis. Whereas some mental health symptoms increase the risk of arrest, others elicit more cautious or compassionate official responses.     

警察临战心理学研究的几个问题

警察临战心理是心理的特殊存在形式，对警察临战行为效率有着重要影响。加强对警察临战心理学的研究，对于提高警察工作效率有着重要意义。警察临战心理学研究主要涉及：警察临战心理的构成，影响警察临战心理的因素，积极临战心理的培养及消极临战心理的预防等。