我国刑事司法鉴定启动权的反思

司法鉴定启动程序是司法鉴定制度的重要内容之一,正当与否关系着当事人切身利益和司法公正的实现。针对现实中存在的问题,反思和重构现行司法鉴定启动程序意义重大。以邱兴华案件实例为例分析我国司法鉴定启动权主体的立法规定,并评析学者对鉴定启动主体的不同学说,认为在现阶段鉴定启动的主体还是应以侦控机关为主,法院享有有限的启动权,当事人不赋予独立的鉴定启动决定权,但享有启动鉴定的申请权。     

交通无过错事故的损害救济问题研究——兼及修订后的《道路交通安全法》第76条的立法疏漏及其弥补

《道路交通安全法》第76条没有对交通无过错事故责任的承担提供具体规则。交通无过错事故中的损害应该在机动车交通事故责任强制保险的责任限额内予以赔偿,不足部分的人身损害可以由道路交通事故社会救助基金支付,仍然未获救济的损害由各方根据公平原则在可救济的范围内按照人身损害优先的顺序合理分担。     

现代调解制度若干问题研究

现代调解制度循实践理性发展,在法律传统与其他相关因素的交互作用下形成了市场模式和司法模式两大调解类型。替代审判、当事人自治及恢复、转变社会关系是现代调解制度追求的共同目标。调解现代化进程中尚存在着脱离法律规制的趋势,为此,调解应被限制在合理的范围内,特别是对强制调解的扩张要保持应有的警惕。     

土地承包经营权流转的法律问题新探

对土地承包经营权流转的法律问题应全面准确地解读 :允许土地承包经营权的流转就是赋予土地承包经营人独立的处分权 ,土地承包经营权的流转不是保留承包权只流转经营权 ,而是土地承包经营权的流转 ,土地承包经营权的流转方式值得进一步探讨 ,土地所有人在土地承包经营权流转中的地位和作用应得到肯定。     

Essence of Negotiation: Understanding Appeasement and “The Great Munich Stereotype”

The relative merits of rational choice and behavioral approaches to the study of negotiation continue to be hotly debated. This article tests qualitative postdictions (assertions or deductions about something in the past) from these paradigms as well as the alternative approach of new institutional theory against the extensive record of negotiation process, contractual form, and contract implementation from the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. I find the incomplete relational form of the peace treaty to be consistent with the behavioral and new institutional concepts and find that only behavioral theory can explain how unilateral German moves unraveled the treaty during the 1930s. But the historical record further reveals that the close fit between the behavioral paradigm and these events is more than coincidence. I also discuss the role of conference participants, particularly John Maynard Keynes and Walter Lippmann, in establishing the basis for modern behavioral science. The behavioral paradigm emerged from efforts to understand and fix serious policy mistakes such as those made in the peace negotiations. The study of human error was intended to serve as the basis for broad‐based organizational solutions. Finally, I discuss the impact of “the Munich stereotype” on such recent events as the planning for the American invasion and reconstruction of Iraq; such examples suggest continued imperfections in the system of organized intelligence that has actually evolved in the United States.     

Contemporary Compulsory Dispersal and the Absence of Space for the Restoration of Trust

This paper investigates the issue of trust, or mistrust, specificallyin relation to single adult asylum seekers and asylum seekerfamilies compulsorily dispersed across England. It draws upondoctoral research on the social exclusion of asylum seekersas a result of dispersal and their separation from mainstreamwelfare provision due to the creation of the National AsylumSupport Service (NASS) following the Immigration and AsylumAct 1999. Trust is an ambiguous term and four forms of trustare delineated to assist conceptualizing the experience of forcedmigration: social, political, institutional and restorativetrust. This paper provides an overview of the aims and eachphase of the implementation of dispersal. It is argued thatthe dispersal system leaves little room for political or institutionaltrust to be restored and hinders the restoration of social trust.It is suggested that this lack of space for the restorationof trust has negative implications for the longer term resettlementprocess of asylum seekers who obtain refugee status. It is alsosuggested that trust is an essential component of UK governmentpolicies promoting social or community cohesion, community engagementand initiatives to combat trafficking, forced marriage and ‘honour’based violence and that mistrust of asylum seekers as a groupdirectly contradicts such policies and initiatives.     

刑事同意搜查的正当化要件分析

刑事同意搜查是执法者通过得到相对人自愿的同意而进行的搜查。它以公民人身自由、住所及通讯秘密不受侵犯的基本权利的行使为合法性基础。刑事同意搜查的实施不仅要满足一般无令状搜查在发动、执行上的必要性、适度性要求,还应当遵循特殊的实体要件和程序要件,以保障被搜查人的自愿性,防止追诉者滥用公权力侵犯被搜查者的基本权益。     

再论强制侮辱妇女罪与侮辱罪之区别

在犯罪对象同为妇女的情况下,强制侮辱妇女罪和侮辱罪有许多相似之处,以致造成司法认定上的混乱。事实上,在行为人使用暴力手段,侵犯妇女性的隐秘权的情况下,即发生了一种法规的竞合:行为人既触犯了强制侮辱妇女罪,也触犯了侮辱罪。对这种具有交叉关系的法规竞合,应按重罪即强制侮辱妇女罪定罪量刑。     

宽严相济刑事政策与刑事强制措施运作模式转变

宽严相济刑事政策应当诉讼化,在刑事诉讼立法和司法中贯彻宽严相济刑事政策,实际上就是落实公法中的比例原则.宽严相济刑事政策要求我国刑事强制措施运作模式从"追诉型"向"保障型"转变.确立单一的强制措施适用目的、多元化的强制措施结构、证明标准和理性化的强制措施手段和对象是贯彻宽严相济刑事政策的关键.     

论无罪推定与刑事强制措施之关系

本文从社会契约和三权分立理论出发,根据"清白公理"理论,认为刑事强制措施的本质是行政权而不是司法权,而无罪推定才是司法的。因此,无罪推定与刑事强制措施在逻辑上是不矛盾的。之所以在刑事强制措施程序当中推行无罪推定之理念这只是"吃好、穿好"之问题,从而强调司法理念对行政执法过程控制的重要性。从而提出如何实现这两者间的融和与渗透。