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981.
As UK investment in forensic science has increased, the government has taken a fresh interest in how far this has led to dividends in terms of the detection of crime and its reduction. The Home Office funded 'Pathfinder Project' sought to monitor and document the complex relationships between the collection and use of forensic material (looking at a range of forensic science techniques) and its impact on crime detection. The project specifically targeted the 'volume' crimes of burglary and vehicle crime. Detailed data was gathered on all stages of the process between the collection and use of forensic material and crime detection. The model falls into two conceptual phases--scene attendance to suspect identification and identification to detection. From the analysis it was found that approximately one third of burglary and autocrime scenes are visited by SOCOs. While scientific identifications are only made in a minority of burglary and autocrime offences overall, it belies their importance. About one in ten of burglary and autocrime cases are cleared up by the police and it is estimated that fingerprints and SGMPlus were a contributory factor in achieving one third of these clear ups. 相似文献
982.
萨瑟兰的不同交往理论与我国青少年犯罪控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
"不同交往理论"是美国著名犯罪学家萨瑟兰解释犯罪的一个重要的理论。它在美国犯罪学研究史上产生了重要影响。从这一理论的9个命题出发,可以分析这一理论的积极意义及其困境,由此可以得到对我国青少年犯罪控制的有益启示。 相似文献
983.
有价证券诈骗罪在客观方面表现为使用伪造、变造的国库券或者国家发行的其他有价证券进行诈骗活动,其行为有伪造、变造、虚假权利质押、恶意买卖、冒用、空买空卖等不同的方式,犯罪使用之物也包含虚假的地方政府债券、金融债券、国家有价证券、外国有价证券众多形式,颇为复杂。 相似文献
984.
近年来,因网络游戏而诱发的未成年人犯罪案件呈日益上升趋势,如何有效地预防和控制未成年人暴力犯罪,已成为全社会关注的热点问题。从实证分析角度,考量域外国家防控机制,为了实现对未成年人网络游戏暴力犯罪的控制,应当建立未成年人涉网相关的专门法律规范,强化行政执法权,推行网络游戏相关规控制度,开展社会管控,对未成年人健康用网进行综合引导。 相似文献
985.
Martin Joseph Gallagher 《Terrorism and Political Violence》2014,26(2):320-336
It has been suggested that a nexus between terrorist groups and those involved in organised crime exists. This study explores the co-operative possibilities that exist between these phenomena, focusing specifically on the level of assistance participants in organised criminal activity might provide to those engaged in terrorism, the “initial nexus.” This was achieved initially through interviews with subject matter experts with knowledge of the organised crime and counter terrorism situation in Scotland. Thereafter, law enforcement personnel who investigate serious and organised crime were interviewed, and their opinions sought in respect of the likely actions of those they investigate. The data gathered is subject to analysis and comment are provided as to what level of co-operation between those involved in organised crime and terrorism can be expected; what motivational factors may have a bearing on the level of co-operation provided; and discussion of “tipping points,” ethical or otherwise, where the withdrawal of co-operation could occur, providing opportunities for increasingly successful law enforcement intervention. 相似文献
986.
李英 《安徽警官职业学院学报》2004,3(1):24-25
为了加强对贪污贿赂犯罪的打击力度,现行刑法增设了巨额财产来源不明罪,但该罪在司法实践中日益暴露出其立法及前置制度不健全等问题,因而必须从刑法理论上加以完善,以满足反腐倡廉的实际需要. 相似文献
987.
过失犯的构成要件构造及其适用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
如何适用刑法对过失犯予以处罚,虽然在刑法理论上有各种不同学说,然而均缺乏从过失犯整体构成要件的角度进行思考。本文认为,过失犯的注意义务之未规定属于立法者未能详尽地描述出的犯罪行为构成要素,这样,根据条文对犯罪构成要件的规定还无法推断行为的违法性,还必须由法官对注意义务作出必要的补充判断,因此其在构成要件构造上属于开放性的。分析过失犯的构成要件构造是对过失犯理论研究领域的拓展,有利于我们明确过失犯的类型性意义,以提倡法官对超出立法技术限度的注意义务进行补充。过失犯注意义务之未规定不属于法律漏洞,对之应该采用狭义的法律解释方法适用之。 相似文献
988.
JACOB I. STOWELL STEVEN F. MESSNER KELLY F. MCGEEVER LAWRENCE E. RAFFALOVICH 《犯罪学》2009,47(3):889-928
A good deal of research in recent years has revisited the relationship between immigration and violent crime. Various scholars have suggested that, contrary to the claims of the classic Chicago School, large immigrant populations might be associated with lower rather than higher rates of criminal violence. A limitation of the research in this area is that it has been based largely on cross‐sectional analyses for a restricted range of geographic areas. Using time‐series techniques and annual data for metropolitan areas over the 1994–2004 period, we assess the impact of changes in immigration on changes in violent crime rates. The findings of multivariate analyses indicate that violent crime rates tended to decrease as metropolitan areas experienced gains in their concentration of immigrants. This inverse relationship is especially robust for the offense of robbery. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that the broad reductions in violent crime during recent years are partially attributable to increases in immigration. 相似文献
989.
Why do robbers choose a particular area to commit an offense? Do they rob close to home? Do they search for areas with suitable and attractive targets? What keeps them away from certain areas? To answer these questions, a model is developed of how robbers choose target areas. The model draws on various theoretical and empirical traditions, which include environmental criminology, journey to crime research, gang research, and social disorganization theory. Testing the model on cleared robbery cases in Chicago in the years 1996–1998, we demonstrate that robbery location choice is related to characteristics of target areas, to areas where offenders live, to joint characteristics of the resident and target areas, and to characteristics of the offenders themselves. The presence of illegal markets and other crime generators and crime attractors make areas attractive for robbers, whereas collective efficacy seems to keep them out. Distance as well as racial and ethnic segregation restrict the mobility of offenders. 相似文献
990.
Ge Lin Ph.D. ; Gregory Elmes Ph.D. ; Mike Walnoha M.A. ; Xiannian Chen M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(1):152-158
Abstract: This article examines the potential of a spatial-temporal method for analysis of forensic shoeprint data. The large volume of shoeprint evidence recovered at crime scenes results in varied success in matching a print to a known shoe type and subsequently linking sets of matched prints to suspected offenders. Unlike DNA and fingerprint data, a major challenge is to reduce the uncertainty in linking sets of matched shoeprints to a suspected serial offender. Shoeprint data for 2004 were imported from the Greater London Metropolitan Area Bigfoot database into a geographic information system, and a spatial-temporal algorithm developed for this project. The results show that by using distance and time constraints interactively, the number of candidate shoeprints that can implicate one or few suspects can be substantially reduced. It concludes that the use of space-time and other ancillary information within a geographic information system can be quite helpful for forensic investigation. 相似文献