Disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system: An investigation of ethnic disparity in program referral at disposition

Historically, minority youth have experienced harsher punishments and more negative outcomes than White youth even when risk assessment is used. The current study investigated the role of ethnicity in an understudied dispositional decision–program referral–and the outcomes associated with said referral using a sample of juvenile offenders (N = 2,678). The study used the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to determine (1) if ethnicity predicted program referral when accounting for risk assessment and (2) if program referral predicted recidivism. Results indicated that ethnicity predicted program referral, and program referral predicted recidivism. Future directions for Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) research and implications for court officials are discussed.     

Service Contact and Delivery of a Shelter Outreach Project

An experimental outreach program offered shelter-based support groups or phone counseling to battered women in the criminal and civil courts. The outreach project attempted to contact 1,895 eligible women drawn from the court dockets. Nearly 50% of these women could not be reached, another third refused services, and about a fifth of the women accepted either the shelter-based counseling or phone counseling. However, only 19% (n = 71) of those who accepted service (or less than 4% of the total eligible women) actually participated in the service. The women refused services primarily because they did not feel they needed them; they accepted service mainly to get help with their emotions. The women who participated in the shelter-based counseling tended to be of a higher social economic status than women who generally contacted the courts. The main problems for the women in phone counseling was recurring abuse from their partners and getting help for their children. The findings may suggest different types of battered women that warrant different strategies to reach them. The outreach efforts might be further developed, as well, to more actively recruit and engage women in general.     

从悟性文化向契约文化的转变--实现民族性格的现代成熟

本文以定义悟性文化和契约文化为前提,对悟性文化与契约文化的成因做了探讨.同时,针对悟性文化赖以存在条件的变化,改革开放政策导致契约文化引进,对两种文化接触、冲突可能导致的后果做了分析,对不同种文化做出正确价值判断提出了见解,对文化评价的常见错误做出了指正.文章断定悟性文化向契约文化转变已经成为一种必然趋势,而在两种文化的冲突和融合过程中,中国书创造新的文化物种.     

试论党风建设的切入点

坚持用好的作风选人 ,选作风好的人是党风建设的切入点。选作风好的人必须注意考察干部的思想作风、学风、工作作风、领导作风和生活作风 ,要选具备了“八个坚持 ,八个反对”的人 ;选作风好的人 ,必须用好的作风。用好的作风选人 ,要牢牢抓住制度建设这个根本     

Adolescent Adoption and the Birthfamily

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on the psychological and physical presence of birthfamilies in the lives of adoptive parents and adolescents who were adopted. Fifty-eight (58) parents and 37 adolescents were interviewed. Results showed the importance of relationships of adoptive families and adolescents with birthfamilies; that issues around contact began early in the adoption process; that, in terms of contact, “family” was a very inclusive term; that, though most adolescents wanted contact with kin, there was considerable variety in terms of patterns of contact; that a primary facilitator of contact was someone's taking the initiative, usually an adoptive parent; and that certain factors made contact difficult or even prohibitive, but families found ways to address these. Implications for practice, training, and research are suggested.     

Romanians’ current perception of threat from immigrants in a context of co-ethnic migration: assessing the role of intergroup conflict and active/passive contact

This paper investigates the predictors of natives’ perception of the immigrant threat in Romania, an interesting site given immigrants’ marginal presence in the total population and the sizeable proportion of co-ethnic immigrants. Yet the interplay between nationalism and religion shapes an ideological frame that favours unwelcoming attitudes towards immigrants that challenge the Romanian identity forged along ethnic and religious ties. The authors used regression to analyse immigrant threat according to several dimensions: cosmopolitanism, group conflict and intergroup contact. In order to reflect specificities of this particular context, the latter dimension is conceptualized so as to include active and passive contact with immigrants. This distinction is relevant because of immigrants’ low presence in Romania. Findings suggest that variables from conflict theory explain more of the variation in the perceived threat, while indirect contact through mass-media exposure to immigrant content has the potential to reduce the perception of immigrant threat.     

哮喘患者穴位贴敷后不同程度急性接触性皮炎临床特点及胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素表达差异性研究

目的 采用穴位贴敷治疗哮喘患者,观察其诱发的不同程度急性接触性皮炎临床特点及胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（thymic stromal lymphopoietin,TSLP）表达的差异性。方法 收集110例哮喘缓解期患者,按贴敷后皮肤反应程度分为轻度组及中重度组,比较两组患者治疗前后喘息、哮鸣音、发作次数及临床疗效,观察两组肉眼下皮损表现、皮损病理学以及TSLP的表达。结果 中重度组患者贴敷后喘息、哮鸣音、发作次数及临床疗效均优于轻度组（P<0.05）。轻度组患者只有少数感到贴敷处痛痒、红斑、小丘疹或簇状小水疱,中重度组贴敷处痛痒难忍、红斑、水疱程度重于前者。病理学示轻度组表现为血管周围少量单核细胞、淋巴细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,中重度组表现为真皮血管扩张、充血明显,其周围大量单核细胞、淋巴细胞浸润。光镜下TSLP在轻度组主要分布于表皮全层,中重度组大量分布于真皮层血管周围。TSLP表达量与穴位贴敷后急性接触性皮炎炎性程度呈正相关（r=0.908,P<0.05）。结论 穴位贴敷诱发的急性接触性皮炎炎症程度与临床表现及TSLP表达呈正相关,可能与真皮血管关系密切。     

Citizen's adoption intention toward contact tracing apps: An analysis using innovation resistance theory

This study explores the factors that prevent citizens from using contact tracing apps (CTA). It uses the innovation resistance theory to construct a parsimonious data analysis model. Data are collected from 440 users of CTA, and an analysis using structural equation modeling is done. Moderation analysis is performed to measure the influence of trust on the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that privacy concerns, functional complexity, and benefit ambiguity are the main factors causing hindrance in the adoption of CTAs. The study carries implications for public authorities and technology professionals for promoting and increasing the uptake of public-oriented mass-consumption technology.