Exploring the non-absolute nature of the right to data protection

In two recent judgements, the Court of Justice of the European Union stated that ‘The right to the protection of personal data is not, however, an absolute right, but must be considered in relation to its function in society’ (Eifert, para 48). This paper considers the ‘non-absolute’ nature of the right to data protection. Being a relatively new right, the boundaries of this right in the Charter are still somewhat unexplored. This paper considers five aspects that can be seen as setting boundaries to the otherwise absolute nature of the right to data protection: (a) consideration of the function of the right to data protection in society; (b) positive delimitations of the right that come from the formulation of the right (Article 8) in the Charter; (c) limitations on the right provided for in Article 52 of the Charter; (d) close connections with Article 7 of the Charter and Article 8 ECHR; and (e) the detailed provisions in current data protection secondary legislation and the future data protection regulation framework. Based on the reflections on each of these boundary-setting aspects, the paper argues that in spite of occasional vagueness and conflicting approaches of each of the aspects, understanding of the right to data protection has evolved since its first formulation in the Charter. There is a subtle and gradual distancing from the initial understanding of the close relationship with the right to private and family life. This gradual distancing is a positive development as the two have different foundations, scope and purposes. Yet it is only when both are taken together that the shared common objective of providing effective protection to citizens' personal and family life can be achieved.     

SOCIAL CONCERN AND CRIME: MOVING BEYOND THE ASSUMPTION OF SIMPLE SELF‐INTEREST

Most leading crime theories and crime‐control policies are based on the assumption that people are self‐interested. But recent work in a variety of fields has challenged this assumption, suggesting that people are both self‐interested and socially concerned. Social concern involves biologically based inclinations that sometimes lead people to give more consideration to others than to their own interests. These inclinations include caring about others, forming close ties to and cooperating with others, following certain moral intuitions, and conforming. This article describes the nature of and evidence for social concern, as well as the ways in which social factors shape social concern. The article then presents a theory of social concern and crime. Social concern has direct, indirect, mediating, and conditioning effects on crime. Although social concern generally reduces the likelihood of crime, it has little effect on or increases crime under certain conditions.     

胚胎的法律属性及其处置规则刍议简

随着人工辅助生育技术的日益普及,实践中出现了一些涉及胚胎的法律问题,问题的解决需要首先厘清胚胎的法律属性,再确定胚胎的处置规则。本文在分析相应法律规范、制度、案例的基础上,结合比较法和实践研究,对以上问题进行初步探讨,提出了胚胎的法律定位应界定为＂中介＂,在处置规则上应考虑生育行为的社会属性、未成年人利益及利益均衡,以不允许单方处置为原则。     

非典型自杀的法医学鉴定

根据辖区内自杀案件的特点,对其中自杀方式较为特殊或复杂的案件进行分析总结,将之归结为非典型自杀,根据其损伤方式,伤口形态等的不同将其分为多种方式自杀和特殊创伤型自杀,分别进行阐述,通过对这些非典型自杀的法医学特点的分析,为非正常死亡案件性质的正确判定提供帮助.     

网络涉警舆情危机的成因及对策

由涉警事件引起的网络涉警舆情危机影响着警察形象和警察权威的建立。我国正处于社会转型期,社会矛盾多发,警察执法环境并不乐观。警察自身又存在职能不清、违规执法及内部失检等问题,因而成为网络舆情的引爆点。网络的发展和公众的参与又加深了网络舆情的传播和壮大,一旦出现涉警舆情,极易演化成为危机状态,影响警察权威的树立和巩固,波及整个社会秩序的稳定。警察应对网络涉警舆情也应从自身、媒体、公众等方面着手,重塑警察权威。     

随礼：中国人际关系网络的平衡性

随礼行为在中国是一个普遍的现象,它通常发生在婚丧嫁娶事件中。婚姻的缔结在中国能够体现出缔结婚姻双方的人际关系网络,在其人际关系网络中,随礼又可以作为关系远近的一个重要标志。无论关系远近,相同类型的交往者会表现出力求彼此之间的关系平衡稳定,而关系越近的交往者表现的行为越复杂。这种平衡性关系的维系是中国人稳定人际关系网络的一个重要基础。     

得体特点探析

得体的特点比较复杂,一般来说,语境的交叉性导致得体的多解性,语境的多变性导致得体的灵活性,表达的多样性导致得体的相对性,语境的复杂性导致得体的矛盾性。     

期待可能性理论人性视角探微

刑法是以规制人的行为作为其内容的。任何一种刑法理论,只有建立在对人性的科学假设的基础之上,其存在与适用才具有本质上的合理性。     

商业秘密权初探

商业秘密的权属性质如何 ,国内外学者众说纷坛。从法理和商业秘密发展趋势看 ,商业秘密权应是知识产权家庭独立新成员 ,商业秘密权既有知识产权的共性 ,又有自己的特点和独特的权能。     

权力市场化的法理辨析

权钱交易产生的行贿受贿、贪污腐化已成为社会公害,严重影响了社会主义市场经济建设。本文主要从理论和实践两个方面,分析权力市场化的法律性质以及对社会发展的影响,指出通过完善市场体系,实现社会主义民主宪政和法制,根除权力市场化,保证社会主义市场经济建设健康有序地发展。