论CMI运输法草案有关控制权的规定

本文从买卖合同与运输合同的法律关系来探讨海上货物运输控制权的必要性和合理性。结合相关立法 ,对 CMI运输法草案就控制权条款进行评析 ,并介绍我国关于控制权的现行法律及立法动态。     

关于无单放货的理论与实践——兼论提单的物权性问题

论文总结了我国无单放货的司法实践 ,将某划分为三个历史阶段 ,即绝对侵权说 ,相对侵权说和违约说 ,或兼采侵权与违约说。在此基础上 ,从理论上阐述了承运人无单放货应定性为违约行为。     

Costs and benefits of informal economy: shuttle trade and crime at Cherkizovsky market

According to IMF and OSCE reports, informal economic transactions in Russia and other states of the former Communist Bloc have cushioned the shocks of economic and political transition of the 1990s by quickly satisfying the consumer demand and providing unofficial jobs to the population faced with transition recession. As these analyses extensively emphasise the advantages of informal entrepreneurship and its positive contribution to stimulating economic growth, this article explores the phenomenon of shuttle trade – a system/form of informal trade outside state control that does not comply with state regulations – as an issue of concern for criminologists. This article investigates the convergence of shuttle trade and criminal activities and the relationship of shuttle trade to the formal regulatory environment. It offers insights into selected criminal activities at Cherkizovsky market in Moscow before its shutdown in 2009 and an evaluation of the policymaking decisions the shutdown triggered.     

中央苏区时期陈云在汀州纠正劳动合同探析

1933年6、7月间,陈云通过对汀州京果业的调查,以京果业为例制定劳动合同样本。通过分析陈云选择汀州京果业作为调查对象的原因;从主观努力和客观机遇两方面探讨陈云在受"左"倾错误影响的中央苏区推动修订《中华苏维埃共和国劳动法》(1931)的原因;分析修改后的《劳动法》对经济影响、对中央领导人认识的改变,同时指出,由于缺乏必要的相关配套政策,修改的《劳动法》作用有限。     

《民法典》违约金规范的体系性发展

《:民法典》违约金制度的规范更新,既包括违约金规范本身的修订,也包括其与相关规范的体系互动。《民法典》第585条第2款后段表述的修订,还原了违约金司法酌减系于司法评价的技术特征,凸显了酌减规则的裁量特点,有助于发掘违约金的履约担保功能,兼容商事交易的效率要求。《民法典》第588条的反对解释决定了约定违约金原则上属于损害赔偿总额的预定,不足填补时债权人可另主张司法增额。合同基础丧失规则与违约金司法调整规则构成竞合关系,合同解除与违约金责任的并行关系不限于违约解除场合。司法酌减与法律行为背俗无效规则存在体系分工,与显失公平撤销规则构成竞合关系;若非商事交易,事先排除酌减特约应属无效,但并非因违反强制规范而无效。     

劳动给付不能时工资支付风险负担规则的反思 ——以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控常态化为背景

疫情防控常态化背景下，企业可能会随时面临因防控措施导致的停工停产。这种劳动合同履行过程中既不可归责于劳动者也不可归责于企业的劳动给付不能，构成劳动合同的履行不能。研究认为，依据传统私法和劳动法的规则和理念，企业相较于劳动者具有较强的风险承担能力，应当承担继续支付工资的风险。但从宏观经济发展的角度来看，对于停工停产的企业来说，持续支付工资无疑是雪上加霜。全球疫情防控背景下，大部分国家通过社会保险制度的功能来分担企业的风险，通过社会保险补足劳动者的物质需求以达到保障就业的最终目的。研究的结论如下：我国应反思劳动法在应对疫情时的制度短板，在疫情防控常态化的背景之下，从劳资协商、劳动关系履行和稳岗就业三个层面来应对疫情带来的持续危机。     

Peace-Making Amidst an Unfinished Social Contract: The Case of Colombia

ABSTRACT

After more than fifty years of conflict, in 2016 a peace agreement was signed by the Colombian government and the leftist group FARC. The agreement created important opportunities for addressing historical inequalities. However, some of the aspirations of the peace agreement may be too ambitious and generate expectations that exceed the capacities of existing state institutions. In addition, there has been opposition by political and social actors. This article examines the challenges to building a comprehensive and inclusive social contract through the lens of two ‘core conflict issues’: land, and illicit crops and the drug trade.     

Sustaining Peace One Day at a Time: Inclusion,Transition Crises,and the Resilience of Social Contracts

ABSTRACT

This article argues that inclusion is a key driver of resilient social contracts and a foundation for sustaining peace. Drawing on case studies conducted under the Forging Resilient Social Contracts project and building on the literature on transitions from war to peace and authoritarianism to democracy, the theoretical framework links inclusion to peace sustainability. Interrogating how and why processes of inclusion matter, we argue that resilient social contracting is driven by elite inclusion, societal inclusion and their interactions. Four case-studies illustrate the arguments. Resilient social contracting, findings suggest, allows countries to weather crises and survive to ‘transition another day’.     

组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪的竞合论探析--以利用保健食品传销犯罪为角度

利用保健食品传销犯罪是新型的传销犯罪,其在骗取财物的过程中涉及对保健食品的虚假宣传,其构成要件要素又与诈骗罪具有交叉部分,而"两高一部"的《关于办理组织领导传销活动刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》并未对组织、领导传销活动罪与诈骗罪之间的罪数讨论予以明示,有必要通过二罪理论上的竞合论争议,比较日本刑法的竞合论规定,结合我国竞合论的规定,明示利用保健食品传销犯罪与诈骗罪的交叉部分的罪名适用关系。     

To P or not to P? The Usefulness of P‐values in Quantitative Political Science Research

This contribution gives a short overview over the mechanics of significance testing in inferential statistics, in particular linear models, and tries to put the discussion about the usefulness of p‐values into a broader perspective of scientific practise. This discussion needs to be embedded into the larger debate about the credibility crises faced by empirical social science research. In particular, it seems of utmost importance to discuss what the profession as a whole, journals, publishers, as well as editors can do to encourage better research practise that generates reliable and useful empirical findings.