房地产开发公司成本管理存在问题与解决方案

随着国家宏观调控的趋紧、市场环境的变化,控制成本,提升管理水平,对房地产开发公司来说就尤显重要。目前,房地产开发公司整体成本管理水平不高,真正能将成本、合同、资金三条主线全面、有效地管理起来的公司少之又少。解决房地产开发公司成本管理的困惑,提升成本管理水平,应从成本、合同、资金三个环节发力,实施成本管理的三条主线与信息化系统相结合,真正实现房地产开发公司成本的科学管理。     

中美行政合同制度比较研究

文章主要比较了中国的行政全同制度与美国政府合同制度,在概念、基础原则、程序和救济四个方面进行了一些研究。在概念上有一些差异,基本原则有很多的相似之处,可以相互借鉴,在订立程序和救济方式上我国应学习美国的先进经验。     

人民调解协议的合同效力

上世纪末,人民调解制度对于社会纠纷的解决起到了重要的作用。但进入新世纪后,调解率较之诉讼率迅速下降,这与人们的诉讼意识增强有很大关系,同时与调解协议的性质和效力不明有更主要的关系。本文对调解协议的合同效力构成及在审判过程中如何看待调解协议的合同效力等问题进行了阐述。     

Bring the party back in: Institutional design for ‘smart election fraud’

Autocrats face a dilemma. Continue with fraudulent electoral practices and risk revolt, or reduce fraud and risk losing elections. One solution is to structure electoral governance such that it allows for independence and professionalism at the center, lending credibility to the electoral process, and partisan local-level administration, enabling fraud at the micro level. Partisan poll workers can help deliver the vote by the use of ‘smart fraud’ – fraud that minimizes the risk of being caught and is used only when needed. In Armenia, the ruling party's vote share, as a proportion of all registered voters, increases with 2.5 percentage points in polling stations where the chairperson was randomly assigned to the ruling party. Fraud forensics suggests that one of the mechanisms behind this was falsification of the results protocol during the count. I conjecture that fraud is only used in high-stakes elections and that election observers are unable to detect it.     

我国民事诉讼中举证责任分配契约研究

举证责任分配契约是民事证据契约的重要类型。对举证责任分配契约的实证讨论是对此类证据契约更直观的展现。诉中举证责任分配契约、否定性举证责任分配契约是值得关注的举证责任分配契约新类型。举证责任分配契约是当事人行使处分权的正当形式,并未违背自由心证原则,可以解决举证责任分配法规存在的漏洞,弥补规范说及法官自由裁量分配举证责任的不足。该制度的运行需要结合实践根据不同类型构建不同的适用规则。     

The 2015 Singapore Swing: Depoliticised Polity and the Kiasi/Kiasu Voter

Abstract

The results of the 2015 Singapore general election (GE) saw the People’s Action Party (PAP) reverse the decline in support of the past few GEs. Many writers cited as some of the key reasons for PAP’s strong showing: a flight to safety, the superior PAP campaign, the personal popularity of Lee Hsien Loong, the 50 years of Singapore's Independence (SG50) feel-good factor, changes in government policies since 2011, direct government subsidies to the pioneer generation, the passing of Lee Kuan Yew, and the mainstream media’s attack on the credibility of the opposition. In this paper, the author offers an additional explanation, that is, the underlying causes of the PAP’s electoral success were the policies laid down after Singapore’s independence and some key cultural traits of this island nation. The policy of depoliticisation led to the creation of a social contract under which political liberties were voluntarily sacrificed in return for economic growth and prosperity. The author further argues that the cultural traits of kiasi and kiasu tipped the balance in favour of the PAP when voters decided that the outlook for the Southeast Asian region was negative and Singapore needed the PAP to steer the country during this period of uncertainty.     

环境保护行政合同基本问题研究(下)

环境保护行政合同制度是市场经济发达国家普遍采用的一项环境保护和契约行政制度。为了执行环境保护法的规定和完成流域或行政区域环境保护的目标,有必要对环境保护行政合同的缔约根据、缔约目的、主要内容、法律效力、合同的变更和解除及其他的基本问题进行全面、深入的研究。     

关于我国合同解释的几个基本问题

语言的局限性往往使当事人的合意不能在合同中得以理想地体现,兼之其他原因,实践中常会发生对合同条款理解的争议,所以,合同解释的问题就不可避免。本文从合同解释的原因入手,对合同解释的主体、对象和目的、类型、方法等基本问题进行了简要分析,并尝试性地提出了自己的观点。     

论乡村基层组织心理契约的重构

乡村基层组织的组织效能不仅来自于"以制度为中心"的刚性化管理,更来自于以"心理契约"为基础的柔性化管理。改革开放30多年来,乡村基层组织心理契约发生了巨大变化。构建符合组织管理需要的新型心理契约应完善组织内部沟通机制,提高组织和成员的互信水平;强化组织目标管理,形成组织与成员的共同愿景;培育和谐的组织文化理念,增强成员认同感;建立合理的职业发展规划体系,促进成员自我发展。     

手机诈骗犯罪问题探析

随着手机的普及和发展,利用手机诈骗也愈演愈烈。手机诈骗不仅严重地侵犯了人们的财产权益,而且破坏了正常的社会秩序。手机诈骗具有隐蔽性、流动性、犯罪手段智能化等特点。手机诈骗犯罪的原因多种多样,如立法缺失、监管失位、侦查困难、惩处不力等。为有效预防和遏制手机诈骗犯罪,应完善相关的法律、法规;加大宣传教育力度,提高手机用户的识别能力;加强社会联合防范。