论植物人的法律人格及权利行使和保护

Although human vegetables lose their capacities of will and do not have the intrinsic attribute of civil subjects, they still have legal personalities and the status of civil subjects. The law has not provided for defects of their legal personalities, and thus civil law shall include human vegetables as objects of guardianship. The system of adult guardianship shall be constructed to supplement and correct the legal personalities of human vegetables. When human vegetables enter into a permanent vegetative state or state of brain death, law may declare the termination of legal personalities of the human vegetable. Due to the unique life state and capacity of act of human vegetables, the exercise of their civil rights faces a series of legal difficulties and challenges, mainly involving important issues such as the right of treatment for life rescue, marital right and reproductive right. The civil law shall ensure that the civil right of human vegetables can be fully enjoyed and effectively protected. Zhang Li, associate professor in civil and business law at Fujian Normal University, and also an invited researcher on civil law, international economic law and international private law, co-operated with Law School of Renmin University of China. Till now, she’s already released 23 theses in law journals and a monograph of the Survey of International Private Law. In addition, she was a member in doing studies (2006) on the legislation of Chinese tort law and presides over the researching (2007) of the legal personality and rights of disabled persons.     

Democracy, rule of law and human rights protection under gradually developed constitutionalism

With the shifting of the economic pattern and the developing of administrative law, the modern constitutionalism of China has adopted a progressive development process. Over 20 years, the development of democracy, the rule of law and the human rights protection clearly illustrate this point. For the gradually developing constitutionalism, the theory of limited rational is a theoretical basis, the stability of society is a social basis, the changing economic system is a economic basis, and Confucianism is a cultural basis. Constitutionalism of China should continue to go in such an active, steady and gradual way. Wang Zhuojun, Professor and Director of Administrative Affairs of Soochow University (till now) and as a visiting scholar in the Department of Government & Politics, University of Maryland, USA (1996.1–1997.1), whose research focuses on culture, politics and science of law. So far, his publications are “The Political System in the Perspective of Culture”, “A History of Epistemology”, “A Study of the External Economy of China’s Universities”, and his translations include “Introduction to Culture and Anthropology”, “Challenge to Culture from Science and Technology”, etc. Moreover, He has presided several research projects sponsored by The Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the Education Department of Jiangsu Province, China.     

Managing commercial risks in open source software licensing

Legal context: The article reviews the commercial risk allocation clauses intypical open source licence terms and discusses their enforceabilityand implications. Key points: The enforceability of warranty disclaimers and limitation ofliability clauses in common open source licence terms is questionable,particularly in a cross-border context, and commercial licensorsshould take additional steps to protect themselves from down-streamrisks. Practical significance: Open source software presents a number of unusual commercialissues, because it is available free of charge and the providerstry to disclaim warranties and liabilities. End users and resellershave to adjust their own in- and out-licensing models to accommodatethis situation.     

言语识别技术的发展与展望

文章立足于言语识别技术的应用现状,在梳理我国言语识别技术发展历史的基础上,提出言语识别技术在未来的发展中应当着重加以解决的几个实际问题。     

打印复印文件朱墨时序表观特征初探

本文详细介绍了一案例的检验过程,并通过简单实验对激光打印、静电复印形成文件的朱墨时序的表观特征进行了粗浅的探究。总体而言,两种时序在朱墨交叉点的表观特征上具有文字与印文均完整、肉眼感觉文字均压在印文之上的共同点;在两者本质的差异点上,先朱后墨表现为交叉点的墨粉与未交叉部位一致,先墨后朱表现为交叉点的墨粉光泽度增加、具有潮湿感、以及易出现水珠状的印油积聚现象。     

面部整容术对颅像重合的影响分析

颅像重合法对身源不明的颅骨个体识别已在国内开展二十余年,其依据是对送检的失踪人照片面部软组织与颅骨之间标志点、线的对应量度关系做出是否同一人的认定。经多年观察总结面部整容术的方法、部位及形态与颅像重合标志点、线量度间的影响问题,对于人群中是否有部分人是面部整容术后的面像判断,提出相关专业人员的鉴定分析方法。     

"大国际私法观"辩正

大国际私法观缺乏学科学理论的支持,对其所负任务的认识也不够清晰科学.国际私法的范围应当根据实际的需要来加以确定.当前,国际私法的主要目的是解决在涉外民商事交往中或在处理涉外民商事争议时所出现的法律问题,因此,它的范围应当从处理涉外民商事案件的过程加以判断和确定.我国传统大国际私法观所包含的内容也应据此作出相应的修正.     

论行政成文法主义的危机

行政成文法是现代行政法的主流,进入21世纪后,随着社会格局和法治理念的变化,行政成文法主义的理论基础和实践状态已岌岌可危.但这一问题并未引起我国学界的广泛关注.正是基于这样的状况,我们对行政成文法主义的危机进行了较为系统的探讨.认为其存在诸多先天的不足,这些不足正是导致行政成文法危机的诱因.行政成文法危机的产生有着深层次的原因,这从国家权力全球化倾向、利益组合多元化倾向等角度可得到佐证.为了应对行政成文法主义危机的客观现实,我国行政法治的走向应有新的进路,包括行政法理念符合时代精神、行政法治大系统相对开放、行政法体系予以分解、行政法渊源多元化.     

执行程序的局部修正与整体改革——兼论司法改革的整体性

治理"执行难"应有整体思路,需要通盘考虑民事诉讼法的全面修订与制定独立的强制执行法这两个相互关联的问题.法律的局部修订应与我国司法改革的进程相互协调,总结司法实践的经验教训,用法律的形式将已经取得的改革成果固定下来,同时也为将来进一步的改革提供宏观思路和整体规划,使立法与改革相辅相成,相互促进.     

Four Lessons for Developing Countries from the Trade Negotiations Over Access to Medicines

After the Agreement on the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) came into operation in 1995 developing countries have found themselves in a process of continual negotiation over intellectual property rights and access to medicines. These negotiations have taken place in the World Trade Organization and in the context of free trade agreements. The paper suggests that the only real win for developing countries has been the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health in 2001. What have been the lessons for developing countries in a decade of negotiations over access to medicines? Drawing on themes of rule complexity and regulatory ritualism the paper discusses four key lessons for developing countries. It concludes by arguing that developing countries will do better if they adopt a networked governance approach to negotiation rather than continuing to rely on traditional coalition formation.