人权范畴中财产权的国家义务

财产是人类社会生活不可或缺的组成部分,人类社会进步的每一个阶段都伴随着财产权利的发展.财产权从最初对个人权利的强调发展到对财产的社会属性的关注,作为人权义务主体的国家,其义务亦发生了重要变化:从不作为的消极性义务拓展到作为的积极性义务.在国家履行消极性义务,尊重、承认和保护公民财产权这一基本原则基础上,还应该以积极的态度实现那些依然处于贫困状态的公民的财产权利,给予他们经济上的支持和保障.     

论社会变革与法院的角色

法院在法治实现过程中有着独特而不可替代的作用,一个成熟的法治国家是以法院角色的正确认同和充分实现为前提的。法院的司法决策以及法院能动性的发挥和法院的自我约束的平衡是在法院对自身角色进行定位和摸索过程实现的。中国在建设社会主义法治国家的进程中,法院应该也必将发挥适当而重要的作用。     

农村地区现行公安派出所警务机制适应性研究

农村公安派出所担负着维护农村地区社会稳定和保卫人民生命财产安全的重大使命,随着农村城镇化的加速,原有的公安派出所警务机制与公蚤实际工作出现了脱节的现象。如何整合现有公安资源,实现农村公安派出所警务机制的整体优化,进而提高农村公安派出所队伍建设的正规化水平,成为当前农村公安基层工作的首要任务     

把党的执政与治国两种能力建设相贯通——党的十九届四中全会精神的一个研究视角

领会党的十九届四中全会精神,坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,必须把党的执政与治国两种能力建设相贯通。从提出加强党的执政能力建设到提出推进国家治理现代化,显示了党的建设发展思路的战略演进。党的十九届四中全会通过的《决定》,对国家治理各个领域各个方面的制度建设作出全面部署,既体现党的建设与国家治理制度建设的关系,又体现增强党的执政能力与提高国家治理现代化能力的关系。在中国特色社会主义制度安排下,中国共产党长期执政与全面领导是连在一起的,执政与治国两种能力具有不可分离的理论和实践逻辑。执政与治国两种能力既有区别又相联系,两种能力建设相贯通有其内在的机理。新中国成立以来,党领导人民创造的经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹,展示了“中国之治”在人类历史上世所罕见的国家成就。党的十九届四中全会以坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的全面部署,为党领导人民再创“中国之治”新辉煌提供了实践指南。     

论知识产权制度的社会适应性

知识产权制度源于近代资本主义兴起过程中创造性智力成果之利益分配关系的法治化需要,其制度生成具有对市场经济体制、宪政主义国家以及理性主义文化等法治社会基础的适应性.当代中国在构建"创新型国家"过程中须认真对待知识产权制度的社会适应性问题,既要选择适宜其社会基础的知识产权政策,也要改善适宜其制度运行的社会基础,因而实践中应正确认识知识产权的私权属性、公法调整及其保护强弱等问题.     

Building horizontal coordination in Sri Lanka

Horizontal coordination is a focal topic in contemporary public management. However, greater attention has been given to developed states while developing countries struggle to improve the quality of public service delivery amidst skills shortages and siloed organisations. This article presents a foreign‐funded training programme designed to promote horizontal coordination at the most local level of government in a developing country, Sri Lanka, and analyses the factors that contributed to its success. Using data collected through participant surveys, focus groups, and programme‐related projects, the article shows how the formation of a “locally directed, donor‐supported” programme aligned with national development priorities that enabled the country‐level partner institution to deliver a programme that improved horizontal coordination and enhanced delivery of public services. Although findings confirm the importance of contextualising programme design, content, and delivery for achieving aid effectiveness, a novel conclusion was that the participation of elected officials alongside career public servants greatly contributed to the programme's success by creating new levels of trust and facilitating more productive working relationships between key stakeholders, culminating in improved outcomes for local communities. This suggests that elected officials can play a key role in building horizontal coordination in developing nations.     

Financing Constraints,Exchange Rate Risk of Host Country and Location Choice of Enterprises’ Foreign Direct Investment——An Empirical Study Based on Micro Enterprises’ Data of Zhejiang Province

Financing constraints and exchange rate risk of host country are domestic and foreign factors which will hinder the stability and sustainable development of China’s enterprises foreign direct investment, so the interaction influence of these two factors on location choice of foreign direct investment is also crucial. Based on this, in this paper we study the foreign direct investment choice of host countries’ exchange rate risk during financing constraints. Through modeling the negative influence of revenue losing and the positive influence of financing cost reducing, our model finds that foreign direct investment enterprises with higher financing constraints tend to go for host countries with higher exchange rate risk in location choice. In empirical study, we match multiple database to construct the micro level data, and use two international data sources to measure exchange rate risks of host countries. Our empirical study finds that foreign direct investment enterprises with higher financing constraints tend to choose higher exchange rate risk countries through binary choice model and sorting model. The result of bivariate binary choice model ensures the robustness of our empirical research. Based on the comprehensive theoretical and empirical research results, we find the existence of financing constrains improves the risk preference in the foreign direct investment location choice.     

日本生态旅游发展的措施、问题与启示

为推动旅游可持续发展,改变生态旅游落后的不利局面,早日实现观光立国战略目标,日本政府通过界定生态旅游活动的内涵和9种生态旅游活动方式,发布生态旅游实施指南,加强地方政府、生态旅游协会以及当地居民紧密合作等举措发展生态旅游。2008年4月1日,日本实施《生态旅游推进法》,这标志着日本生态旅游走上了新的发展道路。2009年是中国生态旅游年,如何推进中国生态旅游的健康发展,日本的一些经验值得借鉴。     

The Case for a Participation Income: Acknowledging and Valuing the Diversity of Social Participation

Anthony Atkinson's idea of a participation income draws attention to the various ways in which people contribute to society. Current discussions on social participation go beyond paid work to include volunteering, education, and caregiving to kin. With the idea of the participation income, various forms of contribution can be highlighted and acknowledged. This article investigates how the idea of a participation income is reflected in Danish, Finnish, German and Dutch social policies. It shows that different elements of a participation income are incorporated in active labour market policies: Denmark adopted a narrow focus on paid work; Finland seeks tailor‐made solutions for the long‐term unemployed; Germany reformed many policy areas to achieve a better activation; and the Netherlands acknowledges a wide range of social participation forms. These country differences highlight that governments can adapt the idea of a participation income to achieve the focus they desire.     

发展中国家与知识产权的国际保护

本文通过考察知识产权国际保护制度在发展中国家的历史发展进程,探讨贸易和发展问题与知识产权保护之间的关系以及高标准知识产权保护对发展中国家的可持续发展所带来的负面影响,并进一步分析发展中国家在知识产权国际保护规则制定中的弱势地位,在此基础上结合晚近知识产权国际保护的发展趋势提出若干建议.