Does Mirror Imaging a Radiograph Affect Reliability of Age Assessment Using the Greulich and Pyle Atlas?*

Abstract: Age estimation is routinely undertaken by comparing radiographs of the individual in question to published reference samples of individuals of known age. This study examines the reliability of age estimation utilizing the Greulich and Pyle atlas in relation to both left‐ and right‐hand/wrist radiographs and explores whether reversing right‐hand/wrist radiographs, so that they are in the same anatomical orientation as those images used in the atlas affects reliability. A total of 403 left‐hand/wrist radiographs and 415 right‐hand/wrist radiographs were age assessed using the Greulich and Pyle atlas. Analysis showed that there is no significant loss in reliability when radiographs of the right hand (women R² = 0.887 and men R² = 0.907) are utilized instead of the left (women R² = 0.939 and men R² = 0.940) or when they are assessed as mirror images to those printed in the reference atlas (reversed female left hand R² = 0.929 and reversed male left hand R² = 0.931).     

论农民工的适当生活水准权与社会保障制度的完善

“国家尊重和保障人权”是我国宪法确立的基本原则,适当生活水准权是国际人权公约确立的基本人权。在我国现有社会保障体制条件下,农民工作为夹在城镇和农村间的边缘人,他们享受适当生活水准权的情况具有相当的特殊性。我们要认真分析农民工特点,建立有效的社会保障方式,充分发挥社区社会保障的作用,改革户籍制度,完善相关法制,建立和完善对社会保障（保险）基金上的监督机制,以切实保障农民工的适当生活水准权。     

论侵害生活环境权的法律救济——由广场舞扰民事件引发的思考

近年来．广场舞已成为城市居民最常见的健身方式之一。但广场舞带来的噪音污染却影响了附近居民的生活和健康，侵害了居民的生活环境权。本文从生活环境权与忍受限度论入手。结合日本的相关学说和判例，探讨我国公民如何通过行政、刑事和民事诉讼等途径实现侵害生活环境权的法律救济。     

群众路线:毛泽东的一个伟大创造

群众路线的概念虽不是毛泽东首先提出的,但赋予群众路线以丰富内涵并提升为党的群众路线理论,却是他的一个伟大创造。这是毛泽东和他为代表的中国共产党人对中国革命斗争经验的科学总结。群众路线是党领导中国革命和建设能够取得胜利和成就的一个决定性因素,也是毛泽东思想活的灵魂的一个基本点。在改革开放的今天,群众路线同样是中国特色社会主义理论体系的活的灵魂,对于实现中华民族伟大复兴的"中国梦"具有伟大的时代意义。     

不同培养系统牛体外受精囊胚的质量评价

采用双重荧光分染方法 ,结合免疫外科手术 ,对来自TCM 199和SOF培养系统的牛体外受精囊胚质量进行了评价。结果显示 ,TCM 199培养系统的囊胚发育率为 31.9% (335 / 10 74 ) ,平均细胞总数为 73.1,内胚团细胞数为 16 .8,其中生存细胞占 99.5 % ;SOF培养系统的囊胚发育率为 2 0 .9% (2 4 8/ 1186 ) ,平均细胞总数为 5 6 .2 ,内胚团细胞数为 11.3,其中生存细胞占 96 .5 %。证实 ,使用TCM 199生产的囊胚质量和囊胚发育率优于SOF培养系统。     

MARRIAGE IN CANADA—EVOLUTION OR REVOLUTION?*

On July 20, 2005, the Canadian Civil Marriage Act became law, extending equal access to civil marriage to same‐sex couples while respecting religious freedom. This article briefly traces the distinctive juridical factors that have contributed to the legislation: the constitutional comity or dialogue among Parliament, the courts and the people resulting from the constitutional entrenchment of a Charter of rights and freedoms; the growth of the substantive concept of equality in Canadian law; and the impact of the constitutional division of powers and the nature of Canadian federalism. Together, these factors contributed to a constructive debate centered on respect for diversity.     

HELPING CLIENTS TRANSITION TO INDEPENDENT LIVING

There is growing recognition and concern that too many of the 20,000 foster youth who age out of the child welfare system each year 1 in this country do so without the basic necessities of housing, education, employment, and health care. The purpose of this article is to outline the problems facing foster youth as they leave care and to detail, as a case study, the steps taken by KidsVoice, a Pittsburgh legal services organization representing almost 5,000 dependent children each year, to help youth in foster and substitute care transition more successfully to adulthood and independent living.     

以民为本发展民营经济促进小康社会建设

以民为本,是建设小康社会的基础;富民,是建设小康社会的必由之路;民富,是建设小康社会的目标.要实现小康社会的宏伟目标,必须大力发展民营经济,先由民富,再到国富,走民富国强的良性循环之路.     

困难职工群体的成因、现状和发展趋势

当前困难职工已构成了城镇困难群体的主体、困难职工有贫困扩大和加深的趋势、在同样符合低保条件的情况下,特困职工比其他群体更难享受到最低保障,因此应该引起深切关注。同时文章分析了困难职工贫困成因,指出就业和社会保障不足是他们陷于贫困的最主要原因,因此对他们救助的最主要途径,就是为脆弱人群创造更多的就业机会和构筑社会安全网。