The marriage license as a hitting license: A comparison of assaults in dating,cohabiting, and married couples

There are many studies of marital and dating violence. However, methodological differences between these studies make it difficult to determine differences in the nature and extent of physical assault between marital status groups. This paper helps fill that gap by analyzing data from two surveys: a study of 526 dating couples at a large midwestern university, and a study of a national probability sample of 5005 married and 237 cohabiting couples. The results show that cohabiting couples have a higher rate of assault than dating and married couples. These findings persist after controls for age, education, and occupational status are introduced. Violence is also more severe in cohabiting than dating or married couples. A number of factors may account for the more frequent violence in cohabiting relationships. These include social isolation, the issue of autonomy and control, and the investment in the relationship.     

在陆台湾青年毕业生就业创业选择意愿、影响因素与制度优化研究——基于福建省10所高校的调查分析

吸引在陆台湾青年毕业生在大陆就业创业,拓展台湾青年毕业生大陆就业创业的广度和深度,是新时代推动两岸和平统一和共享发展机遇的重要抓手。文章采取现场访谈和网络调查相结合的方式,通过对福建省10所高校学生的实证分析,重点从政策体系和制度机制的角度厘清在陆台湾青年毕业生就业创业所面临的政策重制订轻落实、就业创业成本高难度大、指导服务体系不完善等现实问题,从学习生活维度、区域偏好维度和愿景发展维度入手,优化政策供给内容与形式,突出各方“主体性作用”;构建精准服务平台与渠道,落实台生“同等化待遇”;注重就业创业能力建设与规划,提供全程“闭环式指导”。     

生存资本与生活空间的竞争——以台湾中部两部客家移民族谱为讨论对象

近来社会史研究,倾向于关注人类与环境间的关系,强调把人类聚落空间当成一个整体,从各个面向综合讨论。有鉴于移民族群在迁移过程当中,经历时间漫长,取得历史材料不易,家谱成为保存移民发展史的数据库。家谱撰写者为了垂训后世子孙,巨细靡遗地叙述开基祖艰苦创业立基的过程,内容包含家族历史以及开基祖从原生地到迁居地之后,建立移民聚落空间的历程。本文试以台中石冈《刘元龙公派下家谱》、苗栗铜锣《李氏宗谱史记》为讨论对象,探讨清代渡海来台拓垦的先民们,借由精神上血缘凝聚力与物质上的经济合作力量,以宗族为单位,建构生存空间,逐步地域社会化的过程。     

从明代学田地租管窥贵州各地生计方式的差异——对《黔记·学校志》中相关史料的解读

《黔记》是明代郭子章私家撰著的贵州通志。该书《学校志》中有关各儒学学田的记录十分翔实,这些史料能从一个侧面反映当时贵州各地生态背景和生计方式的差异。例如,该志所载乌撒卫学田中有部分田产以荍作为缴纳田租的粮食种类,这与乌撒其地湿润多雨、生长季短及当地彝族回族大量种植荞麦密切相关;又如该志所载清平卫与思州府学田的田租中有以手和边为粮食计量单位的实例,这足以表明当地侗族苗族习惯于种植糯稻,而他们栖息地的生态环境确实适宜种植糯稻。总之,只要认真解读史料,就能在很大程度上复原明代贵州的生态面貌。     

社会流动视角下的城市底层生存与低保制度调适——基于湛江的实证调查分析

湛江的多社区社会调查显示,城市低保对象处于生存边缘和发展边缘,存在社会支持网络狭小、信息路径闭合、生活态度钝化和代际继承效应增强等现象,难以实现向上的社会流动。现行的城市低保制度可迈向有助于低保对象社会流动的发展型制度。     

城市空巢老年女性生存质量的影响因素与治理策略——基于“五普”和“六普”数据的比较研究

基于中国第五次和第六次人口普查数据,以积极老龄观为理论框架研究了影响城市空巢老年人生存质量的影响因素。通过数据比较发现,城市老年女性生存质量的下降并不必然是空巢的居住安排,其影响因素反而更多的是:女性平均预期寿命的延长而带来的健康风险的增大;老年女性间接参与社会生产(照看第三代和照料高龄患病老人)并未获得相应的劳动报酬;职业生涯的不连贯使得老年妇女的保障能力处于弱势地位。因此,要提升城市空巢老年女性的生存质量,理应从理念、政策、增权三个方面加以治理。     

Mathematical Models for Teenager’s Living Age Evaluation Based on CT Image of Medial Clavicular Epiphysis

Objective To explore the correlation between volume rendering(VR) statistics of medial clavicular epiphysis and living age,and establish the mathematical models for living age evaluation using the CT image of medial clavicular epiphysis based on the growth rules of osteoepiphysis of medial clavicle.Methods The CT images of the medial clavicles from 795 teenagers aged 15-25,387 males and 408 females,were collected in East and South China.VR 3D images were reconstructed from 0.60 mm-thick slice CT images.The epiphyseal diameter,sternal end diameter,and their respective diameter ratio(the left: x 1;the right: x 3);epiphyseal area,sternal end area,and their respective area ratio(the left: x 2;the right: x 4),were measured and calculated.All these observations were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 statistical software.The statistical differences in gender and age were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test.The mathematical models were established using least square.Sixty trained subjects,30 males and 30 females,were tested to verify the accuracy of the established mathematical models.Results In the group of same age,x 1 showed significant difference in gender;the same results were observed in x 2,x 3,and x 4,which suggested that the growth rules of osteoepiphysis of medial clavicle were highly correlated with living age.The accuracy of these mathematical models were all above 67.6%(±1.0 year) and 78.5%(±1.5 year).Conclusion The mathematical models with reasonable accuracy could be manageable in practice to confirm the conclusion of the atlas method.The current study can contribute to the single skeletal age evaluation.     

949例活体损伤临床法医学鉴定统计分析

通过对949例伤检案例按性别、年龄、年份、月份、致伤物和损伤部位等进行统计分析,对949例活体损伤程度进行综合评定,我们发现,活体损伤中,男性占绝大多数,青壮年居多,七、八月损伤检案率最高,二月和十二月损伤检案率最低。损伤程度以轻伤多见,致伤工具以钝器最多,损伤部位以头颅面部和四肢最多。     

Parenting Coordination: The Risks of a Hybrid Conflict Resolution Process

Parenting coordination is a conflict resolution process that blends the roles of mediator, decision maker, monitor, assessor, educator, counselor, and enforcer for families involved in high‐conflict divorces. This article explores the potential benefits and risks of blending roles in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, trust, posturing, dual roles, self‐determination, and allegations of bias.     

经济发达城市低收入中青年妇女群体的生活状况及其需求分析——以中山市为调研个案

加大对弱势群体的帮扶力度,让他们共享经济社会发展成果,是建设和谐社会的重要方面。基于对中山市低收入中青年妇女生活状况的调查,全面了解掌握其生活现状、遇到的困难及其需求,进而有针对性地加强对其帮扶力度,尤其是注重从源头上帮扶,重点解决其技能、就业问题,加强“健康扶贫”,是提升低收入中青年妇女生活质量的关键所在。