Analyses factorielles et choix méthodologiques: réplique à Markus Freitag

In this contribution, we discuss the number of factors to consider as well as the consequences of rotation in the case of principal components analysis, a technique belonging to the family of factor analysis. The article by Freitag in this issue, dedicated to the study of social capital in Switzerland, is used as example. This contribution shows the impact of different missing values estimations and, more generally, stresses the importance of looking at different solutions in an exploratory perspective. It underscores also the importance to have access to the data in order to allow a new analysis and, consequently, the possibility of the scientific debate.     

血液中乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱的LC/MS/MS分析

目的　建立血液中乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱的LC/MS/MS分析方法。方法　用 1%三氯乙酸 乙腈萃取血液样品 ,采用电喷雾离子源 ,正离子MRM扫描。结果　本方法线性相关系数r≥ 0 992 2。最低检测浓度(LOQ ,S/N =5 )分别为乌头碱 2 0ng/ml ,次乌头碱 0 5ng/ml ,新乌头碱 0 5ng/ml。空白血添加回收率 91 2 5 %～10 3 1%,变异系数 (CV ,n =6) <10 93 %。结论　LC/MS/MS法灵敏可靠 ,样品处理快速简便 ,适用于血液中乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱的检测。     

人心肌梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T脱失的免疫组化观察

目的 观察人梗死心肌中心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失情况，探讨其在人心肌梗死死后诊断中的应用价值。方法 应用免疫组化LSAB法，对人心肌梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失情况观察。结果 人梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T有明显脱失，通过计算机图像分析显示，人梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失面积与正常人心肌之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.01)。结论 心肌肌钙蛋白T(CTnT)可能成为人心肌梗死的诊断指标之一。     

Gender and Disorder Specific Criminal Career Profiles in Former Adolescent Psychiatric In-Patients

A Norwegian nation-wide sample of 1087 former adolescent psychiatric in-patients, 584 males and 503 females, were followed up 15–33 years after first hospitalization. On the basis of detailed hospital records from index hospitalization all were rediagnosed according to DSM-IV. The patient list was linked to the national criminal register and the diagnostic groups were compared as to gender-specific frequency of registered criminality. Next, the criminal career characteristics were compared in those with criminal records at follow-up, relative to mental disorder at index hospitalization. The prevalence of registered criminality, both overall and for specific types of crimes, differed significantly between diagnostic groups and between genders. In both genders criminal convictions were most frequent in disruptive behavior disorders and personality disorders. Among males, the lowest violent crime rate was observed in those with psychotic disorders. Males had more severe criminal careers than females, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The diagnoses and criminal profiles of the 10 most active criminals in the study sample were described closer, as were the 11 individuals found guilty of homicide.     

国际秩序辨析

国际秩序是国际政治的一个重要范畴,建立国际新秩序是中国国际战略的一个基本目标。在国际秩序的研究中,国际秩序的概念、构成要素、制约因素、性质判断等,仍是一些有待辨析和澄清的理论问题。     

Does Federalism Matter for Biopolicies? Switzerland in Comparative Perspective

This article analyses how federalism matters for the policy‐designing process and the resulting policies in the field of Assisted Reproductive Technology through the comparison of four countries, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and Canada. It reconstructs from an actor‐centred perspective how federalism interacts with other country and policy‐field specific characteristics and empirically assesses how this interaction influenced the final policies. By focusing on Assisted Reproductive Technology, the article examines the potential influence of federalism on public policies beyond the standard discussion of the comparative political economy of federalism.     

知识产权犯罪人实证研究

知识产权犯罪人是指实施了侵犯他人知识产权的违法犯罪行为 ,应当被采取预防和矫治措施的人 ,既包括自然人 ,也包括单位。知识产权犯罪人与知识产权被害人之间具有互动关系。知识产权权利人应有针对性地防范知识产权犯罪。     

巨额财产来源不明罪量刑畸轻的危害

巨额财产来源不明罪的设立 ,对打击犯罪曾经起过积极作用。但随着经济的发展和时间的推移 ,腐败分子巨额财产来源不明的现象却屡禁不止、愈演愈烈 ,重要原因之一是由于刑法规定的该罪的量刑幅度畸轻。这不仅违背了罪刑相适应的原则 ,放纵了犯罪 ,而且为执法者徇私枉法开了方便之门。建议立法机构比照贪污、受贿罪的量刑进行修改 ,提高法定刑、增加量刑档次。     

对不健康文献对未成年入犯罪诱导情况的调查

不健康文献对未成年人犯罪的影响大部分表现为间接影响。未成年人接触不健康文献的年龄段集中在 12周岁～ 16周岁 ;他们喜欢接触描写凶杀、暴力、色情等内容的不健康文献 ;所接触的不健康文献既有合法的 ,又有非法的 ;主要通过影院、录像厅等场所接触视听型不健康文献 ;他们接触不健康文献后有强烈的模仿愿望 ;加之管理者对其管理不力 ,致使其走上违法犯罪道路。