Don't Let It Put You Off Your Dinner: First Steps Towards Ethical Policies Shaped by Cultural Considerations

The Duke of Wellington's foreign policy was based on a simple ethical principle: essentially the assessment of options in terms of whether they would lessen or increase the likelihood of civil strife. This principle, being rooted in the culture of decency, is not compatible with the prevailing (but, it is argued, increasingly unattractive) realist approach. A major obstacle to the operationalization of Wellingtonian policy (which, incidentally, need not be foreign policy) is the lack of understanding of the causes of civil strife. This obstacle can, however, be side-stepped: first, by the increasingly well-established observation that civil strife, and related gross abuses of human rights, do not happen in stable democracies, and, second, by the more discriminating understanding of both democracy and nondemocracy that is provided by Cultural Theory. Together, these two developments offer a basis for option assessment that simply was not available to the Duke of Wellington. The article concludes with three tentative applications.     

论民族哲学、文化研究统一的必要性

哲学与文化原本就是互生、互动的 ,只是在学科分化后才被人为地分割开来。这种相互疏离和分割 ,既不利于准确、完整地把握特定民族国家的哲学和文化 ,也不利于各民族的自我认识、相互理解以及哲学、文化自身的发展 ,因此民族哲学研究、民族文化研究需要重新结合。即 ,民族文化的完整研究必须用哲学研究来统摄 ,民族哲学的完整研究也必须以文化研究为依托 ,二者相互补充、相互结合     

我国首例假文凭案探析

近年来假文凭现象有泛滥成灾之势。它严重影响社会公正 ,扰乱人才竞争的正常秩序 ,具有一定的社会危害性。假文凭现象涉及三方主体 :伪造者、贩卖者和购买者。随着最新司法解释的出现对前二者予以刑罚惩处尚有根据 ,但对后者同样绳之以法 ,其合理性与合法性却值得商榷。本文从刑法、司法解释的规定和案例判决的事实出发 ,站在刑法理论高度对此进行了分析。     

Unequivocal Victims: The Historical Roots of the Mystification of the Female Complainant in Rape Cases

Historically, numbers of women complainants in rape trials have been regarded suspiciously, or prejudiced in that their credibility has been seriously called into question, or undermined, both from within and outside the courtroom. Arguably, public and legal perceptions as to the expected conduct and behaviour of the stereotypical rape victim have been grounded in the belief that genuine women who allege rape should act and portray themselves as unequivocal victims. This suggests that the contemporary construct of the female rape victim and her associated stereotypical image should be considered not solely as a legal derivative but also within a wider cultural context. This article explores the historical influences that shaped the cultural construct operating in the U.K., in particular, the societal and legal attitudes of the mid-Victorians towards women and sexual violence, creating an historical mystification around the construct of the female rape victim and the crime of rape itself. Reference is made to a number of cases reported in The Times newspaper between 1850–1885 which underline the requisite portrayal of the rape complainant as an unequivocal victim. It is argued that the relocation of this historical and socially constructed mythological imaginary within the context of the law and the trial process has disproportionately contributed to the modern scepticism which surrounds the female complainant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

偏激的行为 沉痛的教训

苏联的文化政策曾经历了一个由极左滑向极右的过程,先是对"持不同政见"的作家采取高压政策,制造了不少冤假错案。戈尔巴乔夫上台后,又打着"民主化"、"公开性"的旗号鼓动"自由派"作家肆无忌惮地攻击苏共和社会主义,成为导致苏联解体的原因之一。事实提醒人们,作家不能以偏激的态度去对待现实,不能将个人恩怨置于民族大义之上,应该公正、客观、全面地评价社会制度和社会生活,不能被西方敌对势力"民主"、"自由"、"人权"的漂亮口号所迷惑,以至于做出亲者痛仇者快的事情来。同时,沉痛的教训告诉我们,思想舆论阵地任何时候不能落入外国敌对势力的代理人手中,否则,悲剧将难以避免。     

文化全球化与“三个代表”之我见

文化全球化是经济全球化的内在要求和必然趋势。要有效地遏制西方文化霸权,积极推进文化全球化的进程,就必须按“三个代表”的要求,用创新的精神推进民族文化的发展。     

"文明冲突论":亨廷顿为美国构建的意识形态策略

当代,文化问题已成为涉及国家利益的重大问题,文化策略体现着一个国家的意识形态策略.亨廷顿的"文明冲突论"以文化为出发点,以国家意识形态为原则,以国家利益为最终归宿,为美国及西方实现"后殖民主义"提供新的理论基础,本质上是为美国构建的一种意识形态策略,以达到美国重建世界秩序的目的.     

论两宋时期贵州区域文化的变迁

两宋时期,随着中原文化的向南播撒以及贵州区域经济的发展,今责州地区与中原及周边地区的经济文化联系进一步加强。在中原先进经济文化形响下,今责州境内各民族社会发展出现崭新气象,区域文化的发展为元明时期贵州区域经济的进一步形成创造了条件。     

“小康”概念的历史考察及文化阐释

小康"之说在中国历史上源远流长,影响极为广泛.邓小平同志对它的巧妙借用,给这一古老的历史概念注入了新的时代内容,成为对新时期里我们所追求的发展状态与奋斗目标的极富民族特色的形象表述.值得注意的是,古今"小康"概念的内容都不是单一的,它们都蕴涵着丰富的人文关怀内容.了解这种相通性,有助于我们对全面小康目标的全面领会与理解.     

深化建家建线必须正确处理"六个关系"

建家建线涵盖了工会各方面工作,是工会维护职工权益的重要方面.当前,建家建线应当结合实际,处理好六个方面的关系.