Industrial Relations and Justice Ideologies in the Firm: A Justice-Based Explanation of Works Council Effectiveness

This paper investigates why the effectiveness of works councils varies across firms. Drawing on a large body of literature on justice in organizations, and on the basis of the premise of methodological individualism, we present the groundwork for a justice-based theory of workplace codetermination. The theory focuses on workers' attitudes toward justice in organizations, the structural reasons behind these attitudes, and their consequences for the effectiveness of codetermination. Results from a qualitative employee survey in four German firms provide first empirical support for the theory presented.     

文化动力：一种解释城市发展与转型的新思维

城市发展动力问题一直备受社会和学界关注。新型城镇化背景下,以人为本的思路要求城市发展模式从规模粗放型向质量集约型转变、从增量扩能向做优存量调整。因为单纯依赖土地、劳动力、资金和管理效率等要素的“传统模式”,很难维持城市的可持续发展。在新背景下,大城市如何进一步发展,提升内涵与质量？文化动力模式作为一种新的发展路径,是对该问题的学术回应。文化动力中的“文化”,并不是指那种模糊的、抽象的、无所不包的文化,而是指那些与本地居民生活息息相关的生活文化设施、多样性组织、各种文化实践等构成的城市场景,以及场景中隐藏的自我表达、超凡魅力和时尚等价值观与生活方式。这些因素能对创意阶层产生吸引作用,并影响该群体的城市流动和新兴公司选址等。从这个角度来说,文化动力模式作为一种全新思维,重塑着城市发展与转型的后工业路径。     

Disability,right to culture and copyright: which regulatory option?

Access to knowledge and participation in cultural life for persons with disabilities has always constituted a tough challenge. Recent studies show that only 5% of published works are available in accessible format, and the number plummets to 1% in developing countries. Coupled with the high costs of production and distribution, and the full reliance on public funds and intervention of public or non-profit organizations, copyright has traditionally represented an additional obstacle on the path for a broader availability of accessible works. Recently, the situation has worsened with the tilting in the balance between rights and exceptions caused by the legislative response to digital threats, when the unprecedented opportunities offered by new technologies to foster accessibility have been largely trumped by copyright law. Still, the last decades have witnessed the beginning of a paradigm shift, originating from the human rights arena, and moving towards a new definition of the interplay between authors’ rights and the right to take part in cultural life, both at a general level and with particular regards to persons with disabilities. This article offers a diachronic overview of the path that, from the rediscovery of Article 15 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights through its General Comments to Article 30 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, has led to the adoption of the Marrakesh Treaty. It then analyses, with a focus on the European Union and its Member States, the national and regional responses to the new human rights obligations, looking at the relations between legislative exceptions and model or collective license agreements. The assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the two main regulatory options lays the groundwork for proposals of further areas of intervention, necessary to fully comply with the international human rights obligations and to achieve the fullest access to and participation in culture possible for persons with disabilities, by using the tools offered by international and national copyright law.     

This land is my land: the Ethio-Sudan boundary and the need to rectify arbitrary colonial boundaries

Ethiopia and Sudan share a common boundary of over 1600 km which was drawn through a series of treaties between Ethiopia and the colonial powers of Britain and Italy. To date, this boundary has not been clearly demarcated. In 2007, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, the current ruling government, entered into a secret agreement with the Sudan to make adjustments on the border. This paper identifies the major factors that have frustrated efforts to address the Ethio-Sudan boundary problem and also proposes solutions on how Ethiopia and Sudan could resolve their differences. The analysis reveals that political, social and cultural factors; the decision to adopt the western concept of the boundary; and the failure to recognise the historic and cultural constructs have contributed to the frustration of negotiations on the border. The paper proposes that Ethiopia and Sudan embrace the African Union Border Program, which encourages mutual cooperation, regional integration and the building of communities with strong economic and cultural ties.     

“出草”：一个猎头习俗的文学社会学旅程

“出草”猎人头,是一种消逝了的先民习俗,并非台湾原住民独有,但对“出草”的书写,却是台湾近代以来活生生的文化载体。“出草”在战后台湾文学中被呈现的面容,或诉说了几百年间原住民族的生存、抗争历史;或寄托着知识者缘少数族群问题进行的社会批判与反省,甚而,对萎弱的现代人格之出路的想象;或在当代意识形态与文化消费的背景下,成为某些主流论述——譬如多元文化主义——的注脚。本文追寻“出草”的文学旅程,一以探求战后知识者响应其时代、探寻思想出路的多重样貌;一以理解台湾的文化生态与现实政治。     

论《庄子》寓言中的技匠形象

与先秦诸子文章相比较,《庄子》寓言中出现了较多的技匠类人物形象。《庄子》作者深受上古文化观念的影响。其特定的社会地位、生活经历,也决定了《庄子》寓言的价值趋向。＂道＂是庄子哲学的本体,运用技匠类人物形象的目的在于以＂技＂释＂道＂,技匠技术之精妙正好说明＂道＂的自然无为。     

文化全球化语境下社会主义意识形态安全的维护

面对文化全球化对社会主义意识形态安全产生的冲击,我们必须准确把握当代世界在意识形态方面的总趋势,倡导一种科学对待意识形态的态度,不断创新意识形态工作,使其适应文化全球化的发展,真正走一条社会主义意识形态的自强之路。     

论文化生态建设与文化和谐的逻辑互动

文化和谐是社会和谐的基本方面。文化和谐,内含各种具体文化形式、文化系统内各要素及其相互关系的和谐,并且文化和谐必须要通过建设才能实现。文化生态建设的提出就是从整体上着眼于各种文化具体形式、文化系统内各要素的关系角度来考察文化系统,因此文化生态建设与文化和谐之间存在着紧密的逻辑互动关系。     

具象修辞、符号象征与消费文化——1980年以降台湾流行绘本艺术文体解析

作为一个文学和美术结合的艺术种类,台湾绘本文体具有借助图画进行具象表达的文学修辞手段,其文本通过线条、色彩与语言结合的符号系统和技术手段实现了意义象征,其中的配图文字具有超逸于说明文字的文学功能。自1980年以降,当代台湾绘本艺术已成为一种流行娱乐文化,此种台湾绘本文化现象具有消费文化的特征,是消费社会里适合大众审美心理和现代社会文化传播及市场运营机制的成功创意范例。     

文化自觉视阈下大学特色建设

特色办校,特色强校,特色兴校,已成为我国高等教育大众化进程中许多学校的普遍共识。然而,目前许多特色大学的建设中存在着特色不特,究其一个重要原因是由于许多大学忽视了大学发展中的文化因素。大学特色的建设路径有三:强化对大学文化的认知;促进特色大学的多元化和多样性;创新和构建大学特色文化。