国际海上货物运输中的权利转让问题研究——以UNCITRAL《运输法公约(草案)》为视角

联合国贸易法委员会正在审议的《运输法公约(草案)》中专章规定了权利转让问题,本文通过对相关规定的解析明确权利转让的涵义、内容以及效力,并结合我国相关立法现状针对《海商法》的修改提出一些立法建议。     

“ 金蝉”不再“ 脱壳”——论营业转让中债权人的利益保护

营业转让中债务人通过“金蝉脱壳”之计逃废债务的现象频发，为了改变债权人所处的不利地位，需要从法理上澄清现行债务承担规则存在的迷乱，同时梳理国内外的相关制度，在比较借鉴的基础上，全面建构债权人利益保护机制：一是完善债权人知情权的实现程序，建立债权保护的事前防范机制；二是夯实债务承担规则的法理基础，重构债权保护的事后救济机制。     

Risk of Structured Transfer of Non-Performing Assets of Commercial Banks and Its Prevention

China implements license management for AMC and strictly controls the license in limited quantities. Under the influence of the declining economy, non-performing assets increase sharply, which causes an oversupply of non-performing assets in the transaction market. If commercial banks directly transferred the assets to AMC, the price is relatively low,which may result in great losses to banks. To relieve the dilemma, commercial banks should work out methods for treating the non-performing assets. By fully utilizing the structured financing model and the bank’s own financing advantages to broaden the actual purchaser of non-performing assets, transfer incomes should be raised and direct capital losses should be reduced. Structured transfer of non-performing assets as a new mode of disposing non-performing assets to ordinary investors or the bank’s own investment funds via all kinds of AMCs, trusts, funds, brokerages, SPV (such as LP)and other institutions contains four business risks, including channel operation risk, pricing risk, recovery risk and tax risk and three legal risks, such as regulatory compliance risk, the ambiguous orientation of bank legal subject and the ambiguous orientation of return rights. These risks require in-depth study into their causes for proper prevention.     

Administrative Innovations and Accountability Failures: The Termination of the Spanish Telecommunications Agency

We discuss how far accountability practices may be relevant to the success of independent regulators in countries without a tradition of administrative autonomy. We develop a conceptualisation of agency accountability failures and develop an analytical framework to examine the life and termination of the Spanish regulatory agency for telecommunications, CMT (Comisión del Mercado de las Telecomunicaciones - Telecommunications Market Commission). We argue that the CMT’s termination was related, among other reasons, to accountability failures in its institutional design. The paper relies on a variety of sources, including legislation, literature, media coverage, and semistructured interviews with agency officials and several stakeholders.     

美朝核风波的实质与六方会谈的出路

美朝核风波再起的实质是美国霸权与朝鲜生存权的又一次政治博弈,美朝核风波的实质看成是生存权与霸权的政治博弈。进而为此展开的六方会谈框架又成为一组多方政治博弈平台。在美朝核风波愈演愈烈、几近战争临界值之际,中国从维护地区安全出发,积极出面斡旋,经三方会谈而达成了六方会谈框架。六方会谈的达成意义重大,舒解了“战争临界”;彰显了“中国作用”;取得了可视化成果。不应否认,六方会谈框架存在某种不足,却仍是解决朝核问题的最现实、最可行的方式。     

补充侦查造成的超期羁押问题

在我国刑事诉讼司法实践中,存在因补充侦查而造成超期羁押的现象。这不仅严重侵犯了犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益,而且产生了极大的社会负面影响。应当完善相关法律法规,正确适用补充侦查措施,避免由此而造成超期羁押。     

我国非羁押性刑事强制措施的重构

刑事强制措施的价值在于它既是保障刑事诉讼顺利进行的必要手段,也是保护公民人身自由权免受国家权力任意侵害的有力武器。作为刑事强制措施的重要组成部分,非羁押性强制措施比羁押性强制措施更符合这一价值体系的要求。     

Parental Alienation in U.S. Courts, 1985 to 2018

Courts have been dealing with alienating behaviors in high conflict family litigation for hundreds of years. Experts in the behavioral sciences have been writing about mothers and fathers manipulating their children to disparage the other parent for more than seventy years. But in the last two decades some social scientists and legal professionals have questioned the legitimacy of parental alienation as a concept and its admissibility in child abuse and child custody litigation. This study was designed to examine the extent to which courts in the United States have found the concept of parental alienation material, probative, relevant and admissible. Thirty‐four years of cases were found with a WESTLAW query and analyzed. Cases were selected for study only if the record reflected that a judge or an independent expert found the concept of parental alienation to be of value in the litigation. Results illustrate increasing awareness of the concept and document its admissibility in every one of the United States. The numbers, sex of the alienating parent and prevalence of significant custody changes are discussed. Limitations inherent in this form of quantitative analysis are also discussed with recommendations for future research.     

有限责任视野下公司内部人控制的合理性分析

内部人控制是现代公司制企业中普遍存在的现象,运用股东有限责任制度、公司独立人格制度和权利义务对等原理对内部人控制存在的原因进行分析发现,就公司权力配置的应然状态而言,内部人控制有其存在的制度空间、组织基础和法理依据,其作为经营管理层面上的控制权,存在于股东有限责任制度所构建的权利和利益平衡体系之中.     

刑事强制措施体系完善及检察工作机制改革——以降低刑事诉讼羁押率为目标

针对刑事诉讼中羁押率高的现状,以减少羁押为目标对刑事强制措施体系完善进行了可行性构想,对改革和完善检察工作机制提出了意见和建议.