Insurance Fraud and the Role of the Civil Law

Two UK Supreme Court decisions have considered insurance fraud. The first, Versloot Dredging BV v HDI‐Gerling Industries Versicherung (The DC Merwestone), concerned the use of a fraudulent device being harnessed to support a legitimate claim which, in the view of the majority, was an area of insurance law in need of re‐evaluation. The second, Haywood v Zurich Insurance Co, concerned the use of fraud to increase the settlement paid by the insurer and whether an insurer, which suspects fraud but has nevertheless chosen to settle a claim, is entitled to set aside the settlement under the tort of deceit where it subsequently discovers proof that it was in fact fraudulent. This case note examines not only the legal implications of the decisions and their likely impact on industry practice, it also focuses on the broader issue of the proper province of the civil law and whether general deterrence can be justified as a proper objective where the criminal law is deficient in punishing fraud because of its higher standard of proof.     

社会治理视域下新型电信网络诈骗共治路径

随着科技技术发展,电信网络诈骗手段更新频率极快,普通网民对犯罪分子精心策划的骗局很难有效防范,网络诈骗引发危害后果愈发严重,严重影响社会和谐与稳定。大数据时代背景下,应当创新打击治理网络诈骗犯罪模式,从电信网络诈骗的现状、危害和新特征出发,汇集政府部门、公安、银行、通信运营商、互联网企业、社会公众等多方力量,构建"多位一体"共同治理模式,发挥各自优势,及时预警、处置、化解电信网络诈骗风险。     

论金融诈骗罪的概念和构成特征

金融诈骗罪是近年来金融领域中的高频多发犯罪,研究金融诈骗罪的概念与构成特征对于司法实践正确认定该罪具有重要意义.论文首先对金融诈骗罪的概念作了较为科学合理的界定,并对金融诈骗罪与金融欺诈犯罪概念的异同作了剖析;尔后,对金融诈骗罪的主体、主观、客观、客体特征中的若干重点、共性问题作了探讨,尤其是对非法占有目的的理解与认定问题作了详细的剖析.     

(Mis)Understanding the Impact of Online Fraud: Implications for Victim Assistance Schemes

Australia provides victims of violent crime access to financial support to assist with recovery, excluding victims of nonviolent offences. The author examines the experiences of online fraud victims, and details how the impacts experienced extend beyond financial losses, to include deterioration in health and well-being, relationship breakdown, homelessness, and unemployment, and in the worst cases, suicidal ideation. Using online fraud as a case study, the author argues eligibility to access victim assistance schemes should consider harms suffered rather than the offence experienced. Consequently, the author advocates a shift in eligibility criteria of victim assistance schemes to facilitate much-needed support to online fraud victims.     

论诈骗罪中被害人的处分行为

诈骗罪中被害人的处分行为是基于行为人的欺骗行为而陷入认识错误后作出＂终局性＂转移财产的行为。被害人处分意志是区分盗窃与诈骗的关键,被欺诈的财产损失由被害人自己造成;盗窃的财产损失由他人直接介入造成。在行为人使用诈骗术欺骗被害人抛弃财物然后自己取得财物时,如果抛弃财物与取得财物之间相隔的空间及时间很短,应以诈骗罪论处。     

网络治理视域下电信诈骗犯罪的心理类型与侦防策略

第四次工业革命引发了移动互联网的普及运用、量子计算时代的到来以及人工智能技术的快速发展,同时也催生了非接触性犯罪。电信诈骗犯罪是非接触性犯罪中发展最为猖獗的一种。电信诈骗犯罪的过程就是非直接接触的心理诱导过程。从心理学角度探析电信诈骗犯罪多发的原因,识别电信诈骗者实施心理诱导的骗术,切断犯罪人与被害人互动链条,以此为基础可以进一步构筑打击电信诈骗犯罪的法治防线、心理防线、科技防线和制度防线。     

Research on detection techniques for pattern modifications of playing cards used in illegal gambling operations

We investigated pattern-modified marked cards used in fraudulent gambling cases in Korea. These cards are printed with modifications to some of the repeated marks on the back, revealing the hand on the front and enabling fraudsters to deceive their victims. We proposed a method for identifying the modified part by first enhancing the card's color difference using an image processing technique and then calculating the similarity between the repeated basic patterns with a Siamese network. This method is fast and convenient, as it can determine the deformation with only 1 or 2 cards and can be implemented in mobile applications, allowing law enforcement officers to investigate quickly. The proposed method serves as a useful tool to aid document examiners in making judgments, as it does not require expensive equipment and effectively visualizes the alterations.     

从国际视角看会计欺诈的成因和识别对策

随着世界经济的发展,会计欺诈已成为全球性问题。从国际视角出发,研究会计欺诈的成因和识别对策,对于保障投资者合法权益,维护市场的公平公正,提升社会公信力具有重要意义。     

Farming out state revenue: the debate about the General Customs Lease Company in Sweden, 1723–65

A typical trait of the fiscal system of the ancien régime was the farming out of state revenue, most often represented by England and France. This article contributes to the ongoing discussion on the articulation of political economy and discourses on private and public organization in the early modern period, using the Swedish Riksdag as the focal point. Furthermore, it adds to historical research on private organizations for the operation of public services, and to a theoretical discussion on institutional development in the early modern period. In this article the Swedish General Customs Lease Company (Generaltullarren-desocieteten) 1723–65 is used as an example, arguing that Sweden represents an alternative model for the organization of revenue collection in early modern Europe; demonstrating that the General Customs Lease Company includes characteristics found both in England and in France. The analysis focuses on the political level, using parliamentary debates about the organization of the customs service. Thus, the explanation pays close attention to arguments wielded in favour, or against, farming out state revenue to private individuals. The political debates show an increasing critique against the large profits made by the shareholders in the Customs Company, as well as condemnations against the Customs Company for promoting self-interest at the expense of the common good.     

民营上市公司财务监督问题——兼评《上市公司治理准则》《证券法》的相关修订

在日本设置监查委员会等三类委员会的公司中,监查委员会和会计监查人为公司财务监督的最终把门人。日本立法者虽然给予了这两大监督机构一定的独立性,但是东芝公司财务造假事件的发生却反映出这两大机构背后的许多问题。我国《上市公司治理准则》和《证券法》对公司财务监督的有关修改难以解决民营上市企业的财务造假问题。在我国,作为民营上市公司内部财务监督把门人的审计委员会和日本的监查委员会一样,有着交叉任职和缺乏专业性的问题,这使得聘任财会专业的专职审计委员显得有所必要。同时,类似于日本的情形,独立性、会计师事务所的强制轮换制度缺失和时间压力是会计师事务所担任我国民营上市公司外部财务监督把门人时所面临的问题,对此可采取的改革措施有赋予审计委员会对会计事务所的选解任权和报酬决定权、限制每年年初前4个月签字会计师审计的公司数量等。