论我国贪污贿赂犯罪刑法治理的国际化——基于《联合国反腐败公约》与中国反腐败的现实考察

反腐败是我国当下重大的现实问题,与《联合国反腐败公约》相关要求相比,我国贪污贿赂犯罪的罪名设置较为狭窄,犯罪对象规定不合理,主观方面设置不科学,法定刑的设定不完善。基于进一步完善贪污贿赂犯罪的刑事法治以及立足于当下反腐败的现实考察,有必要进一步完善罪名体系的设置,适时增设"外国公职人员、国际公共组织官员受贿罪"和"利用影响力行贿罪";减少犯罪主观要素的限制;扩大贪污贿赂犯罪的行为对象的范围;完善罚金刑,合理设置资格刑,进一步促进贪污贿赂犯罪刑罚配置的科学化。     

The work of revision of the Council of Europe Convention 108 for the protection of individuals as regards the automatic processing of personal data

Thirty years after the Convention 108 for the protection of individuals as regards the automatic processing of personal data was adopted, the Council of Europe launched a process of modernising this text in order to adapt it to the substantive technological revolutions that have occurred since its birth in 1981. After two years of work, the Committee of the Convention 108 (T-PD Committee) has adopted the proposal of a revised version of both the Convention 108 and its additional Protocol. This paper presents the main propositions of changes brought by the modernisation work. Major changes have been brought to certain definitions and to the scope of the Convention as well as to the basic principles and to the special regime for sensitive data. Important new rights have been added to the list of guarantees offered to data subjects. New duties appear now in the text. And the transborder data flow regime has been entirely rewritten.     

On Issuesof Cooperation in Tax Collection and Management between Mainland China and Taiwan

Double taxation and tax evasion are unavoidable issues in cross-strait economic and trade exchanges. Due to the lack of legal system of tax cooperation asguarantee, the practice of cross-strait tax administrative cooperation is at a relatively stagnant stage. The Cross-straits ITA provides a legal basis for cross-strait cooperation in the fields of tax information exchange, tax recovery assistance, document services, bilateral APA sand tax credit. In consideration of the objective difficulties in cross-strait administrative cooperation, Mainland Chinaand Taiwan should start the ratification process of the Cross-straits ITA as soon as possible, modify the relevant contents of the Cross-straits ITA in the contextof the latest developments regarding tax cooperation in international treaties such as BPES Multilateral Convention, and improve the level and efficiency of cross-strait tax administrative cooperation. Furthermore, Mainland Chinaand Taiwan can consider using the Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits as the starting point to advance the first trials, create conditions and accumulate experience for the practical cooperation, and jointly achieve mutually beneficial win-win development of the both sides.     

Comments to the CoE Convention 108 draft proposal on data protection

One year after the public consultation on the modernisation of the Convention 108, the Council of Europe issued the latest modernization proposal in March 2012 reviewed on the basis of the 27th Plenary meeting of the Consultative Committee of the Convention (from 29 November to 2 December 2012) and the 26th meeting of its Bureau (from 6 to 8 February 2012). Professor Graham Greenleaf and Mr. Nigel Waters on behalf of the Australian Privacy Foundation International Committee and a consortium headed by CLSR Editorial Board member Professor Sylvia Kierkegaard together with Dr. Elisabeth Thole, Professor Dr. Willem Grosheide and CLSR Professional Board Member Joseph V. DeMarco submitted separately their comments to the proposed text. Plenary meeting of the Consultative Committee of the Convention 108 will take place in Strasbourg from 19 to 22 June 2012, during when the draft text will be approved.     

论《联合国反腐败公约》及其对我国的影响

联合国于2003年9月底制定了《联合国反腐败公约》。《公约》由7部分内容组成,主要包括总则、预防措施、定罪执法、国际合作、资产追回、技术援助与信息交流及公约的实施机制等。《公约》在反腐败方面体现了透明度、国际合作、预防为主等特点,并且强调实体法与程序法、公权机构与私权机构、民事责任与刑事责任的三个结合。在此基础上,针对我国反腐败机制现状的不足,建议加强廉政教育、建立反腐败机构、建立政务公开制度、制定廉政立法、建立财产申报制度、加快干部人事改革等方面完善我国反腐败机制。     

柬埔寨对《禁雷公约》的履约情况及原因分析(1998—2006)

<禁雷公约>从1997年达成至今已超过10年,缔约国在多大程度上遵守了这个条约成为衡量条约有效性的重要问题.本文通过考察柬埔寨签署<禁雷公约>后(1998-2006年)的履约情况,发现柬埔寨政府在相当程度上遵守了条约,但基于传统安全利益的考虑以及国家履约能力的有限,造成了两种不同类型的违约行为.这意味着促使国家履行国际条约不仅需要技术和资金支持等管理机制,还需要一定程度的强制措施.     

灭绝种族罪犯罪对象的特征及其分类

灭绝种族罪的行为，必须指向特定的群体，这个群体需要具备生命性、文化性、固定性和发展可能性的特征，只有符合这个特征的群体才能够认定为属于本罪所保护的群体的范围。灭绝种族罪的对象应分为种族、民族、族裔和宗教团体四种类型，政治团体并不是该罪的犯罪对象，仅消灭或者摧毁某个团体的全部领导层的行为也不能构成该罪。     

《蒙特利尔公约》第五管辖权规则论析——以航空旅客运输消费者权益保护为视角

第五管辖权是作为调整国际航空运输某些规则的1999年《蒙特利尔公约》对华沙公约体系进行现代化和一体化过程中的创新因素之一，其功能在于能够更加全面、公平地维护航空旅客运输消费者的合法权益，以体现该公约制定的宗旨和原则。借鉴第五管辖权的创新性规定及对消费者权益保护的特有属性，我国在未来修订《民用航空法》时亦应适时加入相应条款。     

试论国际法视域下的我国刑事侦查制度之改革与建构——国际公约对我国《刑事诉讼法》再修改之启迪

我国现行刑事诉讼制度与《打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》和《联合国反腐败公约》等存在着相当大的冲突和矛盾。国际公约具有优先于国内法的效力,为履行缔约义务,必须抓紧时间修改现行刑事诉讼制度,以适应国际公约的相关要求。     

不安抗辩权与预期违约两制度在合同法中的应用

预期违约和不安抗辩权分别为大陆法系和英美法系的传统制度 ,但在维护当事人的合法权益 ,从而维护交易秩序方面 ,可谓殊途同归 ,但毕竟根植于不同法系 ,从逻辑构建到制度设计都有所差异。我国合同法对两个制度的引进和发展具有现实意义 ,对我国司法实践产生重要的影响。