全面推进依法行政是反腐倡廉的重要保障——建党90年来反腐倡廉的基本经验

建党90年来反腐倡廉经验表明：全面推进依法行政、弘扬社会主义法治精神,既是坚持立党为公、执政为民的必然要求,也是反腐倡廉的重要保障。不断推进政府工作制度化、规范化、程序化,不仅是建设法治政府的基本方法,更是从源头上预防腐败的重要举措。我国依法行政预防腐败尚存在诸多问题,应当采取下列措施予以完善：健全法律制度,提高行政行为的规范性;弘扬法治精神,提高依法行政的自觉性：强化执法监督,提高依法行政的执行力。     

增长驱动、城市化战略与市管县体制变迁

市管县体制的历史变迁与我国经济增长逻辑和城市化进程具有内在的逻辑关系:市管县体制在改革开放以前已经发端,市管县体制产生的原因主要是为城市发展工业和解决城市生活服务;改革开放以后一段时期,国家为了获得更加快速的经济发展加速了城市化进程,并形成了小城镇建设和发展中小城市的城市化战略,在此背景下,能够满足这种经济发展和城市化战略要求的市管县体制重新得以复兴并得到全国推广;进入新世纪以后,由于县域经济和区域经济成为新的经济增长级,中国城市化战略也由此越来越明显地趋向于县域城市化和发展大城市群。在这种新的增长驱动逻辑之下,国家又寻求多种方式超越市管县体制,其具体方式包括"强县扩权"改革、"省直管县"改革、省域内的行政区划调整,以及跨区域治理框架的构造。市管县体制的历史变迁本质上反映了国家在不同时期增长驱动逻辑下主动权变地革新政府管理制度以获得更好的经济发展目标和治理效果。未来中国政府层级管理体制的改革方向应该朝一种包含各种体制内容的、充分反映地区差异性的政府层级管理体系方向努力。     

试析非法证据排除规定

很多冤假错案都是刑讯逼供、暴力取证造成的,为制止冤案频发,提高审判质量,"两院三部"共同出台了《关于办理刑事案件排除非法证据若干问题的规定》(简称非法证据排除规定),它强调了采用刑讯逼供等非法手段取得的言词证据,不能作为定案的根据,完成了我国刑事诉讼理念从单纯的"反对刑讯逼供",到明确"非法证据排除"转变,但是该规定在执行时还将面临一定的困惑。     

论省部共建机制下的高效生态农业发展

创建黄河三角洲国家现代农业科技示范区核心区,东营市高效生态农业示范区基于对当地农业历史、地理方位、区域环境与资源禀赋的深刻把握。实施高端规划,创新体制机制,落实创建载体,省部会商共建的配套政策及推进机制,构建跨区域、跨园区的战略联盟,以现代服务业引领现代农业,建立国内领先并与国际接轨的现代农业发展新模式。     

在法治方略下寻求社会管理创新

社会管理创新是我国社会建设事业推进过程中回应现阶段经济政治社会发展的必然要求.在法治方面成为国家根本治国方略的当代,在法治方略下寻求社会管理创新具有现实正当性和优越性;依法适度培植社会组织和规范引导社会组织发展、在立法模式上改过去的行政主导立法为博弈立法、完善税收法制、立法中更多地吸收社会生活中形成的习惯和惯例、构建政府与社会分工合作各司其职的适法格局等是法治方略下寻求社会管理创新的根本性举措.社会管理法治化是人类社会发展和法治发展之逻辑必然.     

医疗产品损害责任三论

医疗产品损害责任是《侵权责任法》第59条规定的医疗损害责任类型,关于责任分担的规则规定得不够完善,应当根据产品责任的一般规则以及侵权责任法的连带责任规则进行补充.血液属于准产品,应当适用医疗产品损害责任规则确定医疗机构的赔偿责任.消毒药剂构成医疗产品损害责任,其缺陷的判定有一定特点.     

“两岸四地”海上货物运输留置权法律冲突初论

随着中国大陆《关于审理涉台民商事案件法律适用问题的规定》于2011年1月正式实施,四地间法律效力的相互承认问题获得基本解决。至此,需要面对的便不仅仅是四地间法律规定的表面歧异问题,更应关注为具体案件确定准据法时所要面对的现实法律冲突问题。试就"两岸四地"海上货物运输留置权法律冲突问题作初步探讨。     

Differentiating cause-of-death terminology for deaths coded as sudden infant death syndrome, accidental suffocation, and unknown cause: an investigation using US death certificates, 2003-2004

We compared written text on infant death certificates for deaths coded as sudden infant death syndrome (R95), unknown cause (R99), and accidental suffocation (W75). Using US mortality files supplemented with the death certifiers' written text for all infant deaths with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 assigned codes R95, R99, and W75, we formed cause-of-death subcategories from common themes identified from the written text. Among all infant deaths in 2003-2004, the underlying cause of death was listed as R99 for 2128 deaths, R95 for 4408 deaths, and W75 for 931 deaths. Among the postneonatal deaths, the differences in subcategories varied between assigned ICD-10 codes: for R99-coded deaths, 45.8% were categorized as "Unknown" and 48.6% as "Pending"; for R95-coded deaths, 67.7% were categorized as "sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)"; and for W75-coded deaths, 76.4% were categorized as "Suffocation." Examination of the written text on the death certificates demonstrates variability in the assigned ICD-10 codes which could have an important effect on the estimates of SIDS cases in the United States.     

Autoerotic death: incidence and age of victims--a population-based study

Review of the Australian National Coronial Information System and the Swedish National Forensic Database was undertaken over a 7-year period from 2001 to 2007 for all cases where death had been attributed to autoerotic death or sexual asphyxia. In Australia, there were 44 cases (M:F = 42:2) with the majority of victims aged >30 years (77%)-a yearly national rate of approximately 0.3/million. In Sweden, there were nine cases (M:F = 9:0) with the majority of cases aged <30 years (55%)-a yearly national rate of approximately 0.14/million. The usual male predominance was present in both populations, although the Australian victims were older than is usually reported. Lethal sexual asphyxia is uncommon in both the Australian and Swedish populations, with a lower rate than has been cited for North America. Whether this is because of different kinds of paraphilic activities in different populations or of differences in methods of central data collection is uncertain.