高致病性H7N9流感病毒荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立

2017年初在中国出现的H7N9流感病毒变异株表现出对禽高致病性的特征,根据高致病性H7N9流感病毒(HP-H7N9)的HA基因序列,设计1组HP-H7N9特异性的引物和探针,在对反应体系进行优化的基础上,建立了HP-H7N9的荧光RT-PCR检测方法并进行了特异性、敏感性和重复性试验,制作了标准曲线。结果显示,本方法只对HP-H7N9特异性扩增,而对低致病性H7N9病毒(LP-H7N9)、H7N3流感病毒(H7N3)、H3N2流感病毒(H3N2)、H5N1禽流感病毒(H5N1)、H9亚型禽流感病毒(H9)、新城疫病毒(NDV)、甲型H1N1流感病毒(H1N1)、传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)等病原未见扩增。该方法最低能够检测到35.45 copies的阳性质粒,具有良好的检测灵敏度。本方法的建立将为HP-H7N9的诊断、监测和防控提供快速、特异、敏感的技术手段。     

论单位经济犯罪侦查

单位经济犯罪的认定与侦查是经侦工作中的难点,从刑法理论的角度研究与甄别单位经济犯罪具有重大意义,即决定可否立案、决定犯罪罪名和处罚轻重。单位经济犯罪侦查应侧重以下几个方面:界定主体资格、调查决策过程、调查违法所得流向等。     

技术性开锁痕迹检验工作现状及应对探析

犯罪分子利用技术性开锁方式开锁作案,因锁具本身无撬、砸等破坏痕迹,技术性开锁痕迹检验工作面临严峻的挑战。公安机关应从加强行业管理、加强对当前技术性开破锁方法及留痕规律研究以及建立健全犯罪信息交流机制等多方面着手予以应对。     

分子印迹技术在毒品检测中的应用

分子印迹技术具有优越的识别性和选择性,在毒品检测中具有重要的研究潜力。分子印迹技术应用与打击毒品犯罪相结合,已成为当今法庭科学工作者研究的热点问题。本文阐述了分子印迹技术的基本原理,并对其在固相萃取、吸附分析、化学发光、传感器、色谱分析等毒品检测技术中的应用情况进行了综合概括,并展望了分子印迹技术领域的发展趋势。     

论侦查协作

侦查协作是面对当前犯罪特点和发展趋势所采取的一项有效的侦查措施、是打击犯罪的社会需要与侦查管辖制度之间矛盾的产物。我国有关法律法规明确规定：各地公安机关要坚持相互协作、相互配合的原则,克服地方保护主义的思想,统一认识,严格执法,加强协作力度。实践证明,加强侦查协作对于提高公安机关整体形象和战斗力,具有深远的意义。文章阐述了开展侦查协作的必要性、分析了侦查协作的基本类型、提出了当前侦查协作存在的问题,有针对性地提出了侦查协作的解决方法。     

黑客入侵检测模型研究

随着互联网技术的发展，各类黑客工具、木马程序层出不穷。如何有效地检测到黑客入侵行为，以及对入侵行为的取证与固定，对于打击黑客犯罪起到了至关重要的作用。黑客入侵的方式可分为协议入侵、后门入侵、特洛伊木马等多种方式，最终可采取通用类型、层次化类型、智能类型等三种黑客入侵检测模型。     

PCR检测鸭瘟病毒的研究

根据鸭瘟病毒DNA聚合酶基因序列 ,设计、合成了 1对引物 ,以 1株鸭瘟病毒疫苗株DNA为模板 ,进行PCR扩增 ,扩增出预期 5 6 3bp的目的DNA片段。将扩增出的DNA片段克隆到pMD18 T载体 ,经Amp/IPTG/X gal平板筛选 ,HindⅢ、XbaⅠ双酶切鉴定 ,获得阳性重组质粒。对重组质粒进行序列测定 ,与参考序列比较 ,二者同源性为 99.3%。小鹅瘟病毒、鸭肝炎病毒、鹅副黏病毒PCR扩增均为阴性。用此方法检测人工感染和自然感染鸭瘟的组织 (脑、肝、脾 ) ,均能检测到鸭瘟病毒DNA。PCR检测鸭瘟病毒具有高度的特异性、敏感性 ,能够用于鸭瘟急性及亚临床感染的检测与诊断     

The occurrence of eye blinks during a guilty knowledge test

Abstract

In the present experiment we examined whether eye blinks could discriminate between guilty and innocent examinees in a Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT). Based on the assumption that guilty examinees would experience more cognitive load when responding to the key items than to the control items, we hypothesized that they would display fewer eye blinks during the key items than during the control items. For innocent examinees, responding to the key and control items should be equally demanding, and no differences in eye blinks between key and control items were expected. A total of 26 participants took part in an experiment where 13 guilty examinees committed a mock theft (of an exam paper) and the remaining 13 innocent examinees went on with their normal business. All participants underwent a GKT whereby their eye blinks were measured. Both guilty and innocent examinees displayed the pattern of eye blinks that we predicted. The implications of the findings are discussed.     

浅析“先供后证”与“先证后供”

在刑事诉讼中,调查取证的方式大致可以分为两种,即“先供后证”与“先证后供”.笔者认为,在坚持程序合法和保障人权的前提下,“先供后证”与“先证后供”是相辅相成的,而不是互不相容的,但两种调查取证的方式又各有利弊.为了更好地打击犯罪,维护公平正义,本文将对这两种调查取证方式的价值与利弊从侦查的角度进行分析,以便为刑事诉讼的发展提供科学的理论依据.     

Deceptive behaviour and instrumental violence among psychopathic and non-psychopathic violent forensic psychiatric patients

Deceptive behaviour and instrumental violence are well-known psychopathic features and as such play important roles in the assessment of psychopathy. This study examined first, the nature of the violence committed by offenders that have been admitted to forensic psychiatric care and whether scores on the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), Part 1, were associated with the instrumentality of violence. Second, we examined the proneness of offenders to re-frame the instrumentality in their past violent crimes, and whether this was associated with scores on the PCL:SV. The results show that the PCL:SV, Part 1 (interpersonal/affective features), was positively related to the officially coded instrumentality of the violent crimes. As expected, this association disappeared when the instrumentality was self-reported. However, the majority of the patients tended to exaggerate the reactivity of their violent crimes when it was self-reported, indicating that most offenders, independently of level of psychopathy, used deception when questioned about the characteristics of their past violent crimes. The reasons for, and implications of, the use of deception are discussed.