集体建设用地使用制度改革的价值取向研究

计划经济体制下集体建设用地使用制度价值取向单一,造成了诸多问题。市场化改革进程中,集体建设用地使用制度改革应采取多元化的价值取向,坚持效率优先原则,实现城乡建设用地的平等,在此基础上化解各种土地利益冲突,促使各种土地价值的充分实现,实现公私利益的平衡。     

Social conflict over property rights: the end,a new beginning,or a continuing debate?

The ownership and control of private land is a core social value in the United States. Public planning can be seen as conflicting with this value. The long-standing tension between private property rights and public planning was heightened in the 1990s with the emergence of the so-called private property rights movement. This movement seeks to limit governmental authority over privately owned land through a multi-level strategy of legal, policy, political, and public relations actions. This paper explores the historical basis for this conflict, the legal framework within which it functions, and contemporary policy battles.

The paper concludes that there may be no final outcome to this debate. Property rights activists are impassioned and believe their view of history and law is correct. I argue that it may be best to see debate about land use and property rights as one of the central vehicles for a continual reframing of core values in the American experience.     

The evolution of suburban relative housing-unit diversity

The diversity of housing-unit supply in suburban areas has been a central concern for planners and policy makers for at least 50 years. Absence of census cross-tabulation data on housing unit structure-type by unit-size (number of bedrooms), has limited our understanding of the historical and regional evolution of relative suburban housing-unit diversity. I use census microdata to estimate measures of relative housing diversity between cities and suburbs, including the housing-unit portfolio compositions, and availability ratios of diverse housing-unit types. Data are presented for the US, regions, metropolitan areas, and across different time periods. Effects of housing-unit supply on household structure and location are estimated. Results indicate that suburban areas, while growing in terms of the absolute number of diverse housing units constructed, are relatively undersupplying diverse housing units, thereby constraining households’ housing opportunities.     

农林复合经济区口粮田建设———福建龙岩江西赣州调研报告

福建龙岩与江西赣州区是原中央苏区,地处农林复合经济区、红壤区和生态脆弱区,推进高标准基本农田建设、妥善处理生态与发展的矛盾、化解农地与林地的利益冲突是促进和谐社会建设的重大举措。本文以农林复合经济区口粮田建设调研为基础,分析了中国红壤区的资源特征,研究了粮食主产区建设与非主产区建设,生态退耕与耕地开发,崩岗治理与冷浸田建设和低效林地改造等问题,最后提出了系统推进土地质量建设,发展省力农业,加强农林经济复合区口粮田建设的政策建议。     

论如何有效发挥医疗事故鉴定的证据作用

医疗事故技术鉴定在医疗纠纷的处理中有着非常重要的作用,今年4月1日起随着新的《医疗事故处理条例》的实施,医疗事故技术鉴定更趋公正,但是仍有多种因素影响其基本价值和功能的发挥,如何进一步完善有关法律、合理设置鉴定机构和提高鉴定人员素质是有效发挥其证据作用的关键。     

Police shooting and criminal homicide: The temporal relationship

This study examines the temporal relationship between the incidence of police shooting and the incidence of criminal homicide for New York City between 1971 and 1975. The research finds that there is no temporal relation between the incidence of police shooting and the incidence of criminal homicide and concludes that the very strong and widely supported cross-sectional correlation between police shooting and criminal homicide is spurious, not causal.     

对现行《刑法》中受贿罪的法律思考

我国《刑法》对受贿罪的规定过于简略。通过对利用职务上的便利、受贿行为、贿赂范围、为他人谋取利益、犯罪主体、回扣和手续费的分析 ,建议通过立法 :1.将索贿罪与受贿罪分离 ,规定不同的量刑幅度 ;2 .将索贿罪改为国家工作人员利用职务之便 ,收受他人给予的财物或物质性利益 ,为他人谋取利益的行为 ;3.将斡旋受贿罪独立 ;4 .另设职前受贿罪与职后受贿罪。     

美国的土地管理及其借鉴

在土地管理方面,美国的土地使用管理体系、土地规划制度及规范土地使用的联邦及州法律颇具特色。尽管中国和美国的城市在规范土地的使用方面有不少共同之处,但是,其规定所依据的前提以及规定的具体实施则有很大差异。毋庸置疑,借鉴美国的土地管理经验对于完善我国的土地管理制度、土地规划制度、环境评价制度,合理利用、开发土地,加快城市化进程是大有裨益的。     

论中国土地使用权制度的完善——兼评三部《中华人民共和国民法》(草案)的相关规定

中国土地使用权制度的立法完善,包括未来<民法典>的制定,应当被理解为一种变法,一种观念的变革,要敢于突破现有的概念.我国现有的三部<中华人民共和国民法>(草案)虽然各具特色,但在其土地使用权制度构建方面却都存在着某些问题.在<民法典>起草的过程中通过争论及时发现问题,并集思广益提出解决问题的办法将有助于<民法典>(草案)的不断进步和完善.因此,本文在认真检讨三部<民法典>(草案)中土地使用权制度的基础上,构建包括地上权、用益权、农地租赁权、地役权以及土地权利登记和流转的新型土地使用权制度,为我国<民法典>中土地使用权制度的完善提供一种可供选择的思路.     

网络链接与我国信息网络传播权保护之辨析

网络链接是万维网的核心技术 ,是互联网信息交互与传播的重要手段 ,但同时也构成对信息网络传播权的威胁。不同链接具有不同的表现形式 ,链接技术本身不构成侵权不等于网链行为不构成侵权。网上关键词组组合、搜索引擎使用、未经著作权人同意的链接及链接有协议的侵权作品是否构成侵权诸方面问题 ,应结合中外典型案例进行探析 ,正确处理网络链接与信息网络传播权司法保护之间的关系 ,以完善相关法律