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排序方式: 共有884条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
841.
Across fifteen years to 2015–2016 the rate of public complaints against police in the Australian Capital Territory fell by an extraordinary 79%. This was a much larger and longer-term reduction in complaints than occurred anywhere else in Australia, and it is very unusual in the international policing literature. The paper attempts to examine the nature of this change in greater detail, and possible factors that may have influenced the change. Unlike some other studies, however, there was limited evidence of specific point-in-time innovations that may have affected the trend. Nonetheless, it is likely that a range of reforms in policing influenced the change, with possible lessons for other departments struggling with significant complaint problems. The main reforms included improved custody procedures, greater attention to ethics in recruitment and training, a complaints system focused on managing officer behaviour, enlarged external oversight, and more attention to de-escalation skills in use-of-force training. 相似文献
842.
Zip guns and the atypical gunshot wounds they produce are rare in forensic pathology. Because of this, investigators and forensic pathologists may be unfamiliar with their construction, appearance, and the wounds associated with them. A 43-year-old mechanic, with a history of depression was found dead in a washroom stall at work with an atypical gunshot wound of the head. Upon initial investigation, no weapon was found at the scene. Due to the nature of the scene, and the unusual characteristics of the wound, the manner of death was at first thought to be a homicide. Subsequently, a simple zip gun, which had been overlooked during the scene investigation, was discovered by a co-worker while he was cleaning the stall. Examination of the wound revealed evidence of contact range firing. A markedly deformed bullet was recovered from the head, consistent with the use of the home-made gun. These findings, along with further police investigation and review of the past medical history, indicated that the manner of death was a suicide. 相似文献
843.
蔡少铿 《湖北警官学院学报》2003,(4):45-47
枪支是公安机关维护治安 ,保护人民 ,打击犯罪的重要武器。公安机关公务用枪管理和使用中要严格有效地管住配枪资格 ,发挥警务督察的作用 ,落实管理制度 ;加强警务技能培训 ,增强民警自我保护意识 ;关注民警的身心健康 ,加强队伍建设 ;为民警依法使用枪支 ,提供法律上的支持和保护等措施 ,严格管理 ,落实责任 ,确保公安机关公务用枪的使用。 相似文献
844.
What happens when victims resist robbers? Logistic regression analysis of over 4500 sample robbery incidents reported in the 1979–1985 National Crime Surveys reveals the following about various forms of victim resistance. Self-protection (SP) of any kind apparently reduces the probability of the robbery being completed, i.e., the robber getting away with the victim's property. Armed resistance is more effective than unarmed resistance, and resistance with a gun, though relatively rare, is the most effective victim response of all. Resistance with a gun also appears to reduce the likelihood of the victim being injured, while two types of resistance appear to increase it: (1) unarmed physical force against the robber and (2) trying to get help, attract attention, or scare the robber away. The robber's possession of a gun appears to inhibit victim resistance, which can sometimes provoke a robber to attack; robber gun possession thereby reduces the probability of victim injury. However, even controlling for victim resistance, robber gun possession, is associated with a lower rate of injury to the victim. Finally, robbers with handguns are much more likely to complete their robberies, and those with knives and other weapons are somewhat more likely to do so, compared to unarmed robbers. 相似文献
845.
Karl-Heinz Reuband 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》1998,6(3):321-336
Changes in drug policy within countries and variations in drug policy across countries do not show clear cut relationships with drug prevalence levels. Neither liberal nor repressive policies promote or reduce drug use. Though policy might affect supply, factors associated with demand seem to exert a greater impact. Socio-economic conditions and attitudes of the populations towards drugs and related areas might be more important than policy in determining the prevalence level of cannabis and the turnover rate to hard drug use. 相似文献
846.
Defensive Gun Uses: New Evidence from a National Survey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The number of civilian defensive gun uses (DGUs) against criminal attackers is regularly invoked in public policy debates as a benefit of widespread private ownership of firearms. Yet there is considerable uncertainty for the prevalence of civilian DGUs, with estimates ranging from 108,000 (using the National Crime Victimization Survey) to 2.5 million (using smaller telephone surveys) per year. In this paper we analyze the results of a new national random-digit-dial telephone survey to estimate the prevalence of DGU and then discuss the plausibility of the results in light of other well-known facts and possible sources of bias in survey data for sensitive behaviors. Because DGU is a relatively rare event by any measure, a small proportion of respondents who falsely report a gun use can produce substantial overestimates of the prevalence of DGU, even if every true defensive gun user conceals his or her use. We find that estimates from this new survey are apparently subject to a large positive bias, which calls into question the accuracy of DGU estimates based on data from general-population surveys. Our analysis also suggests that available survey data are not able to determine whether reported DGU incidents, even if true, add to or detract from public health and safety. 相似文献
847.
《中华人民共和国人民警察法》规定:公安机关应建立督察制度。自1997年6月20日发布施行《公安机关督察条例》以来,公安机关督察机构组建迅速,督察职能履行效果显著,较好的监督了公安机关人民警察执行法律、法规、遵守纪律的情况。同时也积累了一些宝贵经验,为新形势下公安机关进一步贯彻实施督察制度打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
848.
It is a reliable though unexplained feature of national surveys that include items on gun ownership that wives are less likely
to report a gun in the home than husbands. In this article we extend the inquiry regarding this gender gap in reporting of
household guns to include adolescent children (age 12–17 years). The California Health Interview Survey of 2001, the largest-ever
state survey of its kind, includes over 4000 marital households in which both a parent and adolescent child were interviewed
and asked whether there was a gun in the home. There is little “age gap” in reporting—California teens are almost as likely
to say that there is a gun as are their parents—but there is a gender gap among both the teens and their parents. We also
find a large gap in personal experience with guns—boys are three times as likely to report hunting or shooting with a family
member than girls. This difference in experience fully accounts for the gender gap in reporting. The relevance of these findings
for the interpretation of survey data is clear. Whether there is a gun reported in a home depends to a remarkable extent on
which member of the household is asked the question. Hence, the method of selection of respondent(s) from within a household
will affect estimates of the patterns and prevalence of gun ownership, and, potentially, the accuracy of case–control studies
that use self-report information about guns in the home.
相似文献
Philip J. CookEmail: |
849.
Michel?ClaesEmail author Eric?Lacourse Anna-Paula?Ercolani Antonio?Pierro Luigi?Leone Fabio?Presaghi 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(5):401-411
The objective of this study was to investigate the links between maternal and paternal bonding, parental practices, orientation
toward peers, and the prevalence of drug use and antisocial behavior during late adolescence. A model was tested using structural
equation modeling in order to verify the robustness of the investigated links across 3 countries: Canada, France, and Italy.
A self-report questionnaire was given to a sample of 908 adolescents, with an equivalent number of girls and boys, in Grade
11. The questionnaire assessed the following variables: parental bonding, parental supervision, parental tolerance, orientation
toward peers, involvement in physically aggressive antisocial behavior, non-physically aggressive antisocial behavior, and
drug use. The model was robust across the 3 countries, thus confirming a path that identified quality of emotional bonds between
adolescents and their parents as a distal variable acting upon deviant behaviors through the following mediators: parental
supervision, parental tolerance, frequency of conflicts, and orientation toward peers.
Michel Claes is full professor at the Université de Montréal, Canada. He received his Ph.D. in Education from Université Catholique
de Louvain, Belgium. His major research interest is in social development in adolescence, with a special focus on intercultural
studies. 相似文献
850.
L. Thomas Winfree Jr. Christine S. Sellers Dennis L. Clason 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》1993,9(1):101-125
Tests of theories that attempt to explain why individuals currently use drugs are widespread; however, the theoretical examinations of abstention from drugs and the cessation of their use are rare. For its part, social learning theory has been supported consistently in its delineation of the process by which substance use is learned. We propose that cessation and abstention are also learned behavior. Using logistic regression analysis, we examine the ability of social learning variables to distinguish among abstainers, current users, and former users of illicit drugs within a sample of 1688 middle- and high-school students in two widely separated nonurban communities. Results indicate that social learning variables clearly distinguish abstainers from current users but are less able to distinguish former users and current users or former users from abstainers. The theoretical, research, and policy implications of these findings are examined in detail. 相似文献