Understanding Date Rape Attitudes and Behaviors: Exploring the Influence of Race,Gender, and Prior Sexual Victimization

This exploratory investigation examines the influence of race, gender, and prior sexual victimization on attitudes and behaviors related to date rape from a large sample of college students (n = 3,084) in the United States. The results of this study indicate that gender was a salient factor, with males more likely to subscribe to undesirable attitudes toward date rape and to engage in behaviors that increase the risk of both men and women perpetrating date rape. Findings also indicate that racial differences exist in that black students were less likely to subscribe to undesirable attitudes and to engage in sexual behaviors that increase the risk of perpetrating date rape than were white students. Finally, the analyses found previous sexual victimization experiences unexpectedly increased undesirable attitudes toward and behaviors associated with date rape. Implications of the results are discussed.     

Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised Scores in Adult Children Exposed to Alienating Behaviors: An Italian Sample

This study addresses a particular form of child psychological maltreatment, exposing a child to alienating behaviors in the context of a high degree of conflict between the parents. The objective of this research was to identify retrospectively the alienating behaviors that occurred in an Italian sample of children and the reported associated psychosocial symptoms. Seven hundred and thirty‐nine adults in Chieti, Italy, completed an anonymous and confidential survey regarding their childhood exposure to parental alienating behaviors and measures of current symptomatology. About 75% of the sample reported some exposure to parental alienating behaviors; 15% of the sample endorsed the item, “tried to turn me against the other parent.” The results revealed strong and statistically significant associations between reported exposure to parental alienating behaviors and reports of current symptomatology.     

以危险方法危害公共安全罪的规范与价值构建——以“高危驾车”为视角

近期由醉酒驾驶、飙车等“高危驾车”行为引发的重大恶性交通事故频发，而刑法理论与司法实践对该行为定罪量刑的争议不断。而以有利于司法裁判为出发点，由规范与价值的二元视角为方法论，展开对“高危驾车”行为的主客观分析，可以确定上述行为能否被定性为以危险方法危害公共安全罪。在主观方面，由驾驶人在事发之前、事发之际与事发之后的行为事实为根源，分别抽象出“模型化”的证明方式，以推断其主观意识与意志因素，进而确定其主观罪过；在客观方面，对“高危驾车”案件所具有的共同行为事实进行价值抽象，以构建出广泛适用的客观行为评价模式，由此形成对类似案件的一般评价规则。     

交通行为控制与引导策略

对交通行为进行有效引导与控制是解决当前交通事故高发,交通拥堵日益恶化的有效方法。通过交通出行信息系统来引导出行者选择有效出行方式。通过交通道德建设和教育以加强出行者对自身交通行为控制的自觉性。加强交通安全知识的研究和教育,提高对险情的应对能力。严格执法和加强交通设施建设,对危险交通行为者进行物理强制和心理震慑。通过内外双重机制的约定与引导,确保交通行为处于安全有序的状态。     

未成年学生犯罪成因分析及对策研究

未成年学生犯罪是一个复杂的社会问题,导致产生的原因是多方面的,涉及社会、学校、家庭和个人等四个方面。本文结合2006年2月1日正式实施的《安徽省预防未成年人犯罪条例》精神,提出了预防未成年学生犯罪的对策建议。保障未成年学生的合法权益,优化未成年学生的成长环境,预防未成年学生犯罪,是全社会的共同责任。     

宽容对待处置突发恶性事件时的警察行为——被允许的危险在刑法中的应用

被允许的危险具有开放的空间,需要法官、法学家根据法秩序的统一性原则进行补充。警察处置突发恶性事件的行为不宜视为法令行为,也不同于正当防卫,而属于被允许的危险。本文为突发恶性事件中被允许的危险提供了判断标准,并对警察在处置突发恶性事件中造成无辜群众伤亡的责任进行了研究。     

Family Structure, Community Context, and Adolescent Problem Behaviors

A number of models have been proposed to explain the relationship between family structure and adolescent problem behaviors, including several that consider parent-child relations, family income, stress, and residential mobility. However, studies have not explored whether the different types of communities within which families reside affect the association between family structure and problem behaviors. A community context model also suggests that the relationship between family structure and problem behaviors may be conditioned by community characteristics. The results of a multilevel regression model that used data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS; n = 10,286) indicated that adolescents from homes with a recently divorced mother, a mother and stepfather, a single mother, or a single father reported more problem behaviors regardless of the community context. Moreover, adolescents living in communities with a high proportion of impoverished residents, female headed households, or jobless males reported more problem behaviors irrespective of family structure.

Senior Executives' Political Connections and Corporate Environmental Behavior—Empirical Research From the Chinese A‐Share Market

This thesis analyzed the cross‐section data of 630 non‐financial listed enterprises and adopts a logit model to estimate the relationships between political relations and corporate environmental behavior. The paper also adopts an ordered logit method to estimate the marginal impact of political connections to enterprises’ disclosure of information on environment and sustainable development. Through analysis, this thesis found that political connections lower the probability for enterprises to disclose information on environment and sustainable development. With the Level III scoring method, this article classified the performances of disclosing corporate environmental information into three levels. It is found that corporate political connections increase the probability for enterprises not to disclose any environmental information and lower the probability for enterprises to refer to GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.     

Sex Differences in the Health Risk Behavior Outcomes of Childhood Bullying Victimization

Short- and long-term health consequences of bullying victimization are well documented and include physical and mental health issues as well as increased involvement in risky behavior, but research exploring sex differences in victimization outcomes is still limited. This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth—1997 to examine the consequences of victimization by sex and, more specifically, relationships between bullying victimization and later health risk behaviors—including risky sexual activity, smoking, alcohol use, and drug use. Multivariate analyses identified sex differences for specific health risk indicators, and a substantial difference was evident for overall risk.     

内容违法的民事行为的效力研究——以契约为例

一般来说,内容违法的民事行为无效,但某些情况下其私法效法应当受到保护.内容违法的民事行为的理论按照研究进程可以分为强制性规定与任意性规定、原则与例外、取缔规定与效力规定、取缔规定四个阶段.