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131.
专利制度需要改革,譬如我国的专利无效程序因其环节多等原因而颇受学者非议,专利侵权的认定标准等方面也存有争议。然,专利制度改革需要理论的支持。澄清专利授权行为的法律效力,在专利授权条件、侵权争议中的权利推定、现有技术抗辩、权利要求解释规则等各项专利制度中,强调专利授权行为的公示公信力,保障专利制度促进技术扩散的信息系统功能,这对专利制度改革和实践具有重要的意义。 相似文献
132.
李海涛 《河南省政法管理干部学院学报》2009,24(1):142-145
对专利联盟的反垄断法审查应当适用“个案审查与效果评估”的基本原则,专利联盟合法性要件包括有效专利、互补性专利、必要性专利、独立专家判断以及确定的限制范围。专利联盟的反垄断审查主要包括卡特尔管制和滥用市场支配地位行为禁止。 相似文献
133.
Wendy Povitsky Stickle Nadine M. Connell Denise M. Wilson Denise Gottfredson 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2008,4(2):137-163
Teen Court (TC) is a juvenile diversion program designed to prevent the formal processing of first-time juvenile offenders
within the juvenile justice system. TC instead utilizes informal processing and sanctions in order to prevent future offending.
Despite its widespread popularity throughout the United States of America, little rigorous research has been conducted on
the effectiveness of the TC model for reducing recidivism. Using an experimental design, this study examined the effectiveness
of TC in reducing recidivism and improving the attitudes and opinions of juvenile offenders in comparison with a control group
of youth who were formally processed. Self-reported delinquency was higher for those youth who participated in TC. TC youth
were also found to have significantly lower scores on a scale of belief in conventional rules than had youth who were processed
in the Department of Juveniles Services. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Wendy Povitsky Stickle is a doctoral candidate at the University of Maryland Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Her research interests include juvenile delinquency and delinquency prevention. Currently, Stickle is examining the effects of co-offending on trajectories of offending and is investigating the risk factors associated with weapon carrying in schools. Nadine M. Connell is an assistant professor at Rowan University in the Department of Law and Justice Studies. Her research interests include program and policy evaluation, the social dynamics of group behavior, and capital punishment. Connell has worked with the Capital Jury Project as well as several juvenile delinquency prevention initiatives. She is currently involved in an evaluation of the efficacy of school based programs on student bullying and adolescent ATOD use in the state of New Jersey. Denise M. Wilson is a Ph.D. graduate student at the University of Maryland Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Her research interests include juvenile delinquency, prevention and corrections. She is currently working on data analysis of a randomized experiment testing the effects of after-school programs on adolescent development. Denise C. Gottfredson is a professor at the University of Maryland Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology. Her research interests include delinquency and delinquency prevention, and particularly the effects of school environments on youth behavior. Gottfredson has conducted randomized experiments to test the effectiveness of the Baltimore City Drug Treatment Court, the Strengthening Families Program, and is currently directing a randomized trial of the effects of after school programs on the development of problem behavior. 相似文献
Wendy Povitsky StickleEmail: |
Wendy Povitsky Stickle is a doctoral candidate at the University of Maryland Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Her research interests include juvenile delinquency and delinquency prevention. Currently, Stickle is examining the effects of co-offending on trajectories of offending and is investigating the risk factors associated with weapon carrying in schools. Nadine M. Connell is an assistant professor at Rowan University in the Department of Law and Justice Studies. Her research interests include program and policy evaluation, the social dynamics of group behavior, and capital punishment. Connell has worked with the Capital Jury Project as well as several juvenile delinquency prevention initiatives. She is currently involved in an evaluation of the efficacy of school based programs on student bullying and adolescent ATOD use in the state of New Jersey. Denise M. Wilson is a Ph.D. graduate student at the University of Maryland Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Her research interests include juvenile delinquency, prevention and corrections. She is currently working on data analysis of a randomized experiment testing the effects of after-school programs on adolescent development. Denise C. Gottfredson is a professor at the University of Maryland Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology. Her research interests include delinquency and delinquency prevention, and particularly the effects of school environments on youth behavior. Gottfredson has conducted randomized experiments to test the effectiveness of the Baltimore City Drug Treatment Court, the Strengthening Families Program, and is currently directing a randomized trial of the effects of after school programs on the development of problem behavior. 相似文献
134.
135.
目的 采用正交设计试验优选四味黄连洗剂的最佳提取工艺。方法 对四味黄连洗剂采用醇提取法,采用L9(34)正交设计法进行试验,对提取次数、乙醇浓度、提取时间和乙醇倍数4个单因素进行试验,以黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、大黄素含量及干膏得率为指标,利用综合评分法对数据进行分析,优选出最佳提取工艺。结果 优选出四味黄连洗剂最佳醇提工艺为处方量药材加12倍80%乙醇提取3次,每次1.5 h。结论 试验得到的最佳提取方法稳定可行,可应用于四味黄连洗剂的生产制备。 相似文献
136.
知识的有效传播和创造需要同时掌握显性知识和隐性知识。“知识螺旋”(SECI)模型阐述了隐性知识与显性知识之间的相互转化,提示相近的基因距离能有效促进隐性知识的传播,从而促进跨国知识流动。基于45个国家在1987—2006年期间的专利互引情况的研究表明:在控制了地理距离、语言和宗教等因素后,基因距离这一生物学特征仍然显著阻碍着跨国知识流动;基因距离的阻碍作用在地理距离较小、共同语言和共同宗教的国家间更强;跨国知识流动能解释基因距离对收入差异影响的50%。因此,国家之间的深层次差异仍然阻碍着隐性知识的传播。我国需要加强国际间人才流动、支持出国留学、扩大学术交流、利用开放网络改革教育方式等措施,促进隐性知识传播,减少跨国知识流动的障碍。 相似文献
137.
中华文化发展至今,已经历经了千年时光的冲刷,汇聚了来自五湖四海的多民族文化,逐渐成为国际文化中一簇璀璨的星团,彰显着我国不可忽视的国际地位。少数民族文化是这一星团中一颗颗耀眼的星光,有很强的民族象征性。在开放的国际格局下,诸多艺术设计都包含着少数民族文化的缩影。本文结合对少数民族文化的概述,以及与艺术之间的关系分析,从衣着、美术、建筑设计和舞蹈创作中详细阐述民族文化在艺术中的发展历程。 相似文献
138.
从法律经济学的角度看专利制度的利弊——兼谈我国《专利法》的修订 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
现代专利法均毫无保留地肯定专利制度对经济发展的积极促进作用,但是,经济学家却对专利制度总体上的成本与效益众说纷纭。多数学者怀疑甚至否认专利制度的经济效益可能大于其经济成本。经济学研究成果表明专利制度会引起的巨大经济成本,该成本可能超出专利制度潜在的经济效益。因此,各国专利法应在保护专利权和公共利益之间达成一种平衡,从而减少专利制度的成本。我国的专利法过于强调专利制度的积极作用,对该制度的潜在消极影响估计不足,有待于进一步修订。 相似文献
139.
目的:优选肾康颗粒提取工艺.方法:以浸膏得率及黄芪甲苷含量为指标,采用正交验法.结果:最佳工艺为:以400 ml/L乙醇为提取溶媒,加液量10倍,提取3次,每次1 h. 相似文献
140.
侦查案例教学的课程设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
案例教学法在侦查教学中已被广为推崇,但是,大多数人所理解和使用的案例教学法都过于简单或存在误解。侦查案例教学必须精心进行课程设计,把握课前准备过程、课堂教学过程和教学评价过程中的重要环节。只有这样,才能使案例教学法趋于成熟和完善,从而深化侦查教学的改革。 相似文献