理工院校法学专业建设若干问题的思考

在当前我国高等院校法学教育发展粗具规模的形势下 ,理工类院校应进一步加强所属法学专业的建设 ,突出三个特点 :即求特色、上水平和有规模。为此 ,则要在确定专业发展目标、把握专业发展阶段、完善专业教学计划、加强教师队伍建设等主要问题上力求有所突破和有所作为。     

21世纪中国战略构想:基本依据和长期发展方向与任务

中国正在经历十分迅速、极其广泛、意义深刻的经济发展和社会转型的过程。21世纪的中国发展战略构想,必须从中国国情出发,确定长期发展方向和主要任务。     

推进欠发达地区电子政务发展的几点思考

本文结合欠发达地区电子政务开发实际阐述了在这些地区发展电子政务过程中应该坚持的主要原则,以及在电子政务发展过程中存在的问题,并提出了在电子政务发展过程中应采取的对策。     

The European Trips-Plus Model and The Arab World: From Co-Operation to Association— A New Era in the Global IPRS Regime?

The advocation of stronger and higher levels of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection has been on the rise in recent years, particularly since the establishment of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995. Although its establishment signalled the beginning of a new phase in the protection of IPRs internationally, no more than a decade later, it is seen that such a regime is still undergoing a number of significant changes. In this regard, the rise of bilateralism and the retreat of multilateralism resulted in the so-called ‹TRIPS-Plus’ recipe in which developing countries are increasingly giving way to the demands of the industrialised countries through incorporating higher levels of IPRs protection domestically. Although the USA has often been viewed as the primary advocator and enforcer of the TRIPS-Plus recipe globally, this article shows that in fact the European Union (EU) advocated the TRIPS-Plus recipe long before the USA. Thus, this article discusses the case of the European TRIPS-Plus model with the Arab World as a clear demonstration of such a trend. Developing and Arab countries are now faced with two determined superpowers acting at both the unilateral and bilateral levels to achieve their desired higher standards of IPRs protection worldwide. This will further erode the flexibilities of the TRIPS Agreement, and will entail grave repercussions for both the developing and Arab countries. LLM, PhD, Lecturer in Law, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), UK. The author may be contacted at mel-said@uclan.ac.uk     

国际形势变化的两重性

2003年美国发动伊拉克战争推动了世界形势变化。形势变化对我国的影响是两方面的:机遇与挑战并存,机遇大于挑战。战争显示了超级大国反恐的两重性及力量的两重性。美欧关系出现转折,矛盾趋向深化与扩大,但双方仍需要继续合作。以联合国为代表的国际秩序的作用受到挑战。美国单边主义行为未能动摇联合国的存在,但改革联合国的必要性也在上升。发展中国家在国际格局中处于弱势,部分国家被边缘化。但占世界人口半数以上的主要发展中国家已开始走上振兴之路。     

Public Debt,Economic Growth,and Public Sector Management in Developing Countries: Is There a Link?

The article investigates whether differences in public sector management quality affect the link between public debt and economic growth in developing countries. For this purpose, we primarily use the World Bank's institutional indices of public sector management (PSM). Using PSM thresholds, we split our panel into country clusters and make comparisons. Our linear baseline regressions reveal a significant negative relationship between public debt and growth. The various robustness exercises that we perform also confirm these results. When we dissect our data set into “weak” and “strong” county clusters using public sector management scores, however, we find different results. While public debt still displayed a negative relationship with growth in countries with “weak” public sector management quality, it generally displayed a positive relationship in the latter group. The tests for non‐linearity shows evidence of an “inverse‐U”‐shape relationship between public debt and economic growth. However, we fail to see a similar significant relationship on country clusters that account for PSM quality. Yet, countries with well‐managed public sectors demonstrate a higher public debt sustainability threshold. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Political Competition,Agenda Power,and Incentives to Innovate: An Empirical Examination of Vested‐Interest Theory

Technological innovations are by no means Pareto‐improving. I build on the argument that incumbent innovators can use political means to block rival innovations by emphasizing that the competitiveness of political system and some political institutions may diminish their ability to do so. I specify an institutional mechanism of agenda power, which provides newcomers with an improved ability to enter the game. The number of agenda power holders varies significantly among political systems, electoral systems, and administrative structures. With a sample of about 100 countries and across 20 years I show that politically competitive regimes, majoritarian electoral rules, and federal structures supply more holders of agenda power in comparison to their counterparts and, other things being equal, produce more innovations.     

Legitimacy and context: implications for public sector reform in developing countries

This article examines the interplay between legitimacy and context as key determinants of public sector reform outcomes. Despite the importance of variables such as legitimacy of public institutions, levels of civic morality and socio‐economic realities, reform strategies often fail to take such contextual factors into account. The article examines, first, relevant literature – both conceptual and empirical, including data from the World Values Survey project. It is argued that developing countries have distinctive characteristics which require particular reform strategies. The data analysed shows that in Latin American countries, there is no clear correlation between confidence in public institutions and civic morality. Other empirical studies show that unemployment has a negative impact on the level of civic morality, while inequality engenders corruption. This suggests that poorer and socio‐economically stratified countries face greater reform challenges owing to the lack of legitimacy of public institutions. The article concludes that reforms should focus on areas of governance that impact on poverty. This will in turn help produce more stable outcomes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论中国对国际法发展的新贡献

和谐世界理论，搁置争议、共同开发制度，解决朝核问题六方会谈是我国近年来对国际法发展的新贡献。和谐世界理论继承了国际法的基本原则和精神，巩固和发展了国际法的基本原则。搁置争议，共同开发制度已在许多相类似国际争端中被使用，具有了国际习惯的性质。“六方会谈”创造性地运用了和平解决国际争端的多种方式，为解决相似争端树立了典型。     

国家经济主权原则析论

经济主权作为国家主权在经济方面的重要体现,是由发展中国家在通过争取民族独立的进程中提出的.经济主权原则最终于20世纪70年代通过联合国的系列决议等文献在国际社会得以确立.经济主权的内涵包括狭义和广义两个层面.