Junior high school students’ use of their afterschool hours in Ghana: The role of household assets

Studies have examined a broad range of factors for how students use their time, but few attempts have been made to explore the nuanced link between different types of asset ownership and students' use of study time, particularly in resource-limited countries. This study uses data from junior high school students in Ghana to examine how students spend their time after school hours, the predictive influence of different types of household assets, and the extent to which these trends and relationships vary by gender. Polynomial quantile regression models were fitted across three quantiles (24th, 53rd, and 76th percentiles) to align with one hour, one and half hours, and two hours of study time. Results show that the average student spends well above the recommended 90 minutes on their schoolwork during afterschool hours, regardless of gender. Multivariate results indicate that owning limited assets tends to have a negative relationship with use of study time, but higher levels tend to be positively related to use of study time. Also, the predictive influence of asset ownership varies by asset type, and higher levels of asset ownership favor girls more than boys. Given this study's realtively small sample size, caution must be exercised in generalizing the study findings to the general population of junior high school students in Ghana. In light of the study's limitations, the finding of varying asset effect may have practical implications for asset development programs designed to enhance the well-being of low-income families.     

俄罗斯虚拟现实产业发展状况探究

自2016年“虚拟现实产业元年”以来,俄罗斯虚拟现实市场快速发展,形成了以国家与大型企业投资为主,政府部门牵头、高校与科研院所提供智力支持、国企与私营企业平行发展的格局,设备制造、软件研发、内容制作、行业服务等产业链主要环节都涌现了一些优秀企业。国家是虚拟现实产业发展的主要推手,国企和创业企业是实现技术突破的关键力量,企业客户是市场需求主力,消费端客户正逐步扩展。总体来看,与发达国家相比,俄罗斯虚拟现实产业呈现出一种起步较晚,但增速较猛的“后发状态”,发展形势较好。不过,当前还存在研发资金缺乏、产业链完整性欠缺、国家与市场间信息不对称等问题,并受到5G网络建设缓慢、军工技术转民用速度迟滞等多个因素制约。随着世界虚拟现实产业需求的高涨,俄罗斯虚拟现实产业也将快速增长。     

数字“代工”：网络文学写手的另类劳动实践及其隐忧

随着网络文学平台的兴起,依托于平台的网络文学写作逐步发展成为一种新型职业形态。网文公司出现,并嵌入到网络文学生产过程中,重构了网络文学的生产逻辑。受雇于网络文学公司的续写作者,类似于传统工厂外包的数字“代工”,他们的劳动实践存在“概念”与“执行”和“作家”与“作品”的双重分离,正是这种另类的劳动实践使得续写作者成为网络文学生产过程中的“幽灵劳工”。网络写作的灵活性、工作自由的乌托邦幻象和劳动公平交易的表征,使得网络文学写手甘愿加入努力码字的续写作者队伍中。但是这一切并不能掩盖续写作者付出与回报的不对等,且处于权益受损和向上流动受阻的双重困境之中。     

“专业—产业—职业—就业”的四业贯通——促进高校毕业生高质量就业的路径突破

抗疫三年高校毕业生就业问题积累,2023年将有1158万高校毕业生面临就业,政府需要从以下几方面着力强化就业措施：强化高校毕业生集成优势,实现高质量发展与就业互相推动;着力产业链供应链提升,满足双循环对高素质人才的需求;基于数字经济时代导向,实现“自由人联合体”就业;满足更加优质教育期盼,突出“职普融通”引领作用;重视人才战略布局定位,促进高校毕业生高质量就业。由此,实现“专业—产业—职业—就业”的四业贯通,是促进高校毕业生高质量就业的突破性路径。     

Quantifying and Ranking Quality for Acquired Recordings on Digital Video Recorders

As the closed-circuit television (CCTV) security industry transitioned from analog media to digital video recorders (DVRs) with digital storage, the law enforcement community struggled with the means with which to collect the recordings. New guidelines needed to be established to determine the collection method which would be efficient as well as provide the best quality evidence from live DVRs. A test design was developed to measure, quantify, and rank the quality of acquisition methods used on live systems from DVRs typically used in digital CCTV systems. The purpose was to determine guidelines for acquiring the best quality video for investigative purposes. A test pattern which provided multiple quantifiable metrics for comparison between the methods of acquisition was used. The methods of acquisition included direct data download of the proprietary file and open file format as well as recording the video playback from the DVR via the available display monitor connections including the composite video, Video Graphics Array (VGA), and high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI). While some acquisition methods may provide the best quality evidence, other methods of acquisition are not to be discounted depending on the situation and need for efficiency. As an investigator that needs to retrieve video evidence from live digital CCTV systems, the proprietary file format, overall, provides the best quality evidence. However, depending on the circumstance and as recording technology continues to evolve, options other than the proprietary file format may provide quality that is equal to or greater than the proprietary file format.     

网络爬虫行为对数据资产确权的影响

数字经济模式下,商业竞争手段日趋多样。通过爬虫行为获取同业经营者线上数据并作营利用途,除有不正当竞争之嫌外,还构成对传统市场机制的严峻挑战。依据不同标准,可将技术爬取的数据划分为多种类型。受到爬虫不当行为影响的权利在边界范围、主体身份以及法律属性等方面呈现复合特征。从本源看,受损事实的发生多是因相关数据性质不明,从而使...     

Now you see it,now you don’t: digital images and the meaning of ‹possession’

The advent of digital technology has had a profound impact on the production and distribution of child pornography. The international trade in such material is a major focus of law enforcement agencies around the world. Central to these efforts is the offence of ‹possession.’ However, concepts of possession in the criminal law evolved in the context of tangible items such as drugs, and their application to intangible data presents significant challenges. Drawing upon the laws of Australia, Canada, England and the United States, this article analyses the concept of criminal possession in a digital context. While courts and legislatures are adapting to these new challenges, in some cases it is argued that the offence of possession is being stretched too far. It is suggested that some of these difficulties may be avoided by utilising an offence of ‹accessing’ child pornography. Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Monash University. I am grateful to Dr. Dale Smith for his helpful comments on an earlier draft of this article.     

图书馆数字化建设与复制权

复制权是著作权人最基本的权利。图书馆的数字化建设,无论是开展数字资源建设,还是提供数字化服务,都离不开复制。复制权也是图书馆数字化建设中涉及到的著作权问题最多的一种权利。因此,需要对图书馆数字化建设做具体分析,明确什么样的复制是合理使用,什么样的复制是侵权。这样,才能保证图书馆数字化建设得以顺利进行。     

Information technology and education： Partnership vs. competition

Information technology is coming strong to have influential impact upon what is going on in the formal education sector. During the past ten years, information technology almost became the first job choice among all the new faces finding their jobs. Job opportunity also has its great impact upon what is going on in the k-12 education. Ideally, information technology is to enhance a teacher＇s teaching. However, on-site classroom observations as revealed here, identified several things that we might want to work more to provide better learning environment for the young generation on an individual basis. We have to admit that although memorization of the old day＇s factual knowledge and skill is important, but is going to provide little help for the generation to come. Information technology brings brand new era to human beings, and new format of schooling can take different forms from the ones most of us had been experiencing during our school lives.     

信贷资产证券化法律关系构建的目标与原则分析

信贷资产证券化在我国尚属于创新的融资方式,其法律本质是债权在摆脱特定的身份色彩过程中,具有流通性的证券与作为信用担保的信贷资产的结合。在这一操作过程中,存在着一系列的法律风险。为了有效地规避风险,增强参与者的信心,信贷资产证券化的法律关系体系,要力图构建出风险隔离机制以实现融资的效率性与安全性的目标。在这一过程中,还要分析具体的法律关系,找出"利弊"之所在,并对权益易受侵害的主体给予特别保护,同时加强法律本身的可操作性。