Brazilian Parliament and digital engagement

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how new technologies are employed by the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies to stimulate experiences of digital engagement. It also evaluates how new technologies are put in practice by the institution, considering its potentialities and limitations in mediating the relationship between the parliament and the citizens. This analysis is anchored in concepts put forth by Polsby about arena parliaments and transformative parliaments, in order to evaluate which of these models of engagement tools have greater potential. The study concludes that the use of digital technologies by the Brazilian Parliament is very diverse, with a variety of tools that allow for the interaction and engagement of citizens, although these tools have the greatest potential for the arena parliament model.     

政治学内在价值与研究方法探析

政治学具有治国兴邦的价值。在当代中国,研究政治学,能够促进社会主义民主政治建设;培养造就大批精于治党治国的专门人才;推动社会主义市场经济体制的改革和发展;指导我们改革和完善具有中国特色的社会主义政治制度。文章回顾了中外政治学特别是西方政治学研究方法的历吏演进过程,考察和总结了西方政治学几千年来在其研究方法上的得与失,并提出了今天研究中国特色的马克思主义政治学所应遵循的基本思路。     

数字技术驱动社会治理共同体建构的逻辑机理与风险治理

数字技术如何影响社会治理过程并推动治理共同体构建是推进国家治理现代化中亟待解决的重要问题。数字技术的革新与发展为治理共同体的构建提供了权责对等、激励机制、共识机制与共享机制等关键要素。在与社会治理的深度互动与融合发展中,数字技术形成了赋能工具、治理机制、价值标准与治理手段等治理属性,能够拓展社会治理网络、整合与优化社会治理资源、重塑社会治理公共价值以及推动社会治理制度再生产。数字技术有望解决治理模式转型的稳定预期以及社会治理共同体持续发展的动力问题,但亦存在治理风险。国家要继续推动面向数字化的政府转型、构建面向数字化的规则体系、完善共建共治共享的社会治理制度,发挥数字技术更积极、更有效的治理动能。     

开放复杂巨系统理论的哲学探索

钱学森在系统科学的研究中,与国内外同行比较居于光荣的学术地位.他所提出的开放的复杂巨系统理论和从定性到定量综合集成方法对马克思主义哲学作出了一系列重要的理论贡献.从辩证发展的观点看,钱学森的这种理论和方法论也需要继续前进和完善.     

论宪政约束下的电子政府模式

随着数字技术、信息技术和网络技术的发展,电子政府正在成为一场政府改革运动.本文认为,电子政府建设使信息控制权成为影响宪政结构的权力因素,同时对公民也提出了更高的素质要求,影响了公民权利平等;要使电子政府服务于宪政,服从于宪政对国家权力的安排和公民平等的基本原则,就需要对信息控制权进行宪政规划,对政府的边界进行改造,这在我国电子政府建设初期,尤其重要.     

In the eye of the beholder: Meaning and structure of informal status in women's and men's prisons*

Applying an abductive mixed‐methods approach, we investigate the informal status systems in three women's prison units (across two prisons) and one men's prison unit. Qualitative analyses suggest “old head” narratives—where age, time in prison, sociability, and prison wisdom confer unit status—are prevalent across all four contexts. Perceptions of maternal “caregivers” and manipulative “bullies,” however, are found only in the three women's units. The qualitative findings inform formal network analyses by differentiating “positive,” “neutral,” and “negative” status nominations, with “negative” ties primarily absent from the men's unit. Within the women's units, network analyses find that high‐status women are likely to receive both positive and negative peer nominations, such that evaluations depend on who is doing the evaluating. Comparing the women's and men's networks, the correlates of positive and neutral ties are generally the same and center on covariates of age, getting along with others, race, and religion. Overall, the study points to important similarities and differences in status across the gendered prison contexts, while demonstrating how a sequential mixed‐methods design can illuminate both the meaning and the structure of prison informal organization.     

“优良家风”入法:性质、意涵和适用

《民法典》作为中国第一部以法典命名的法律,是一部固根本、稳预期、利长远的基础性法律。研究《民法典》中部分重要条款的理解与适用,既关系到坚持以人民为中心的发展思想的贯彻落实,也关系着国家治理体系的进一步完善。就《民法典》婚姻家庭编而言,《民法典》新增了“优良家风”条款。该条款有其独特的立法背景,其性质属于一项原则性规定,在司法适用中应根据不同情况采用不同适用方法。     

基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折智能检测技术

目的将人工智能中的深度学习技术应用到人体肋骨骨折识别,实现人体肋骨骨折智能检测,提高法医肋骨骨折诊断效率。方法采集3143例人体胸部X线数字影像(2602例用于训练,541例用于测试),标注肋骨骨折特征点,通过多层网络堆叠,分层、分级主动学习原始数据高度抽象的特征表述,并将此特征反馈至检测器进行骨折检测,输出骨折位置及相应置信度。结果基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率在90%以上。结论基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率较高,可用于辅助法医进行肋骨骨折识别诊断、检验鉴定等,本研究可为人体其他部位骨骼损伤智能检测提供参考。     

计算机中文分词技术及其在数字化侦查中的应用研究

实现数字化侦查是社会发展的必然,也是完成繁重侦查任务的要求。计算机中文分词技术是利用计算机,针对中文进行词汇切分的一种技术。将计算机中文分词技术用于侦查工作中,不但可以使办案人员能够利用计算机对大量的原始电子文字数据进行关键词汇信息匹配处理,彻底摆脱繁琐的人工文字搜索比对工作,而且使侦查人员能够获取既准确又全面的证据或者案件线索。     

Somebody’s Gotta Be There for These Kids: Importance of Service Orientation for Sustaining Public Child Welfare Workers

Research has long indicated that both employees’ perceptions of external support and their own dispositional factors tend to predict satisfaction, intent to stay, and retention. However, the dispositional factor of service orientation has received minimal attention in child welfare or social work research. This article furthers the research on service orientation by utilizing quantitative surveys to test relationships between service orientation and key organizational variables and then exploring qualitative results to gain a more nuanced perspective on how service orientation inhabits the work-related experiences of study participants and its relation to worker retention projections in the field of child welfare.