行政处罚中择一重罚规则的体系化阐释

择一重罚规则的适用面临执法管辖权与高额罚款权归属主体不一的难题。综合执法制度可以部分解决该问题,在综合执法之外,则需分情况适用不同的解决方案。在识别“罚款数额高的规定”时,应根据法定罚的上限而非决定罚来比较罚款的轻重。根据法定罚款额高的法律作出的决定罚,其数额不能低于法定罚款额低的法律所规定的罚款下限。行政机关错误适用择一重罚规则作出罚款决定,人民法院可以作出变更判决,但变更判决要受禁止不利变更规则的约束。在被人民法院判决撤销并责令重作的情形中,行政机关加重对当事人的罚款,通常应证明其加重罚款没有恶意,因裁量逾越被判决责令重作的除外。     

紧急救治权问题研究

《侵权责任法》56条的规定完善了患者的紧急救治权,但是患者知情不同意的情况下,紧急救治行为是否应该进行,还是需要解决的问题。从我国相关法律对紧急救治权的规定及理论研究,国外对紧急救治权的规定及实务处理方面进行研究,继而提出对紧急救治权的完善。     

从权力到权利:算法治理的路径

人工智能时代,算法日益介入社会生活中。我国对算法的治理刚刚起步,现有的算法治理模式并不能适应算法技术的发展。基于对我国算法治理现状和治理困境的分析,提出从权力到权利的算法治理路径,并借助“权利束”这一概念,从整体上对算法权利进行构思,以实现算法控制者和算法相对人的利益平衡。     

Exploring citizenship spheres of inclusion/exclusion: rights as ‘potential for power’

ABSTRACT

Ariely examines the logic of inclusion/exclusion involved in the allocation of social, political and cultural rights to minorities. He argues that the unequal allocation of rights is determined by the degree of potential power inherent in the various types of rights, and that rights with more potential power, such as political and cultural representation rights, challenge the dominant group's position more strongly than rights to social welfare and cultural autonomy. Minorities are included at a higher level in spheres of rights with low potential power, and at a lower level in spheres of rights with higher potential power. He uses the case of the Arab citizens of Israel to illustrate the thesis, reviewing institutional practices of inclusion/exclusion as well as the attitudes of Israeli Jews towards the allocation of different rights as reflected in three attitudinal surveys.     

死刑废除的必要性和可行性

从国际司法的普遍情况来看,废除死刑是一个必然的趋势。近年来,我国在废除死刑的进程中做出了很多努力和积极的尝试,死刑的废除具有必要性和可行性。     

刍议《尚书》中的刑法思想

《尚书》的确蕴涵着弥足珍贵的政治法律思想,这些思想是中华民族先贤政治法律智慧的结晶,它们具有历久弥新的价值。关于《尚书》中的刑法思想,不完全归纳为九个方面(:1)明刑弼教。(2)刑律公开。(3)特赦思想。(4)恤刑思想。(5)罪责自负。(6)区别对待共同犯罪人。(7)以刑去刑。(8)君主不干预司法。(9)提倡祥刑。     

成人学习的研究

成人群体的智商基本保持较好的发展水平 ,尚保持良好的学习能力 ,但整个群体的创造性思维水平偏低。应开发他们的创造性思维能力 ,使成年人不囿于个人知识经验的束缚和创造能力的泯没     

The New Ageism

This article takes issue with the apparently entrenched political narrative about ageing and older people which is routinely expressed in both ministerial rhetoric and media headlines warning of the ‘burden’ of dependency and intergenerational strife. It argues that this narrative is rooted in the potent combination of ageism and neoliberalism and is being ramped‐up by the Coalition Government's austerity fixation. The social and political risks of this omnipresent narrative are discussed as is the persistence of the case that generational conflict is inevitable, in both the UK and US, despite the complete absence of any evidence supporting it. The article finishes by urging action to alter the course of both individual and societal ageing and so avoid future spending demands as well as improving the quality of life of current and future generations of older people.     

食品监管渎职罪的认定及适用

重大食品安全事故频频发生,许多案件触目惊心,人民群众的生命和健康安全受到极大威胁,社会危害极其严重。导致这种现象的原因很多,但不可否认的是,食品安全领域的渎职行为是不容忽视的一个重要因素。     

少数党员干部脱离群众的问题和对策研究

新形势下少数党员干部脱离群众的问题直接损害党同人民群众的血肉联系，危及党的执政基础。、我们从三个维度提出解决的思路：一是确立人民第一理念，教育党员干部用好手中的权力，做到立党为公执政为民；二是以维护人民利益为出发点，解决群众实际问题，彰显执政党维护社会公平正义的价值导向，夯实党同人民群众的血肉联系；三是以科学的群众工作方法为抓手，提高党员干部科学执政、民主执政、依法执政的水平和能力，保障群众工作取得实效。