重构我国起诉裁量权制度

目前我国的起诉裁量权制度不能满足减少诉讼环节、节约司法资源的价值追求。在宽严相济刑事司法政策的指导下,应当完善酌定不起诉制度、建立附条件不起诉制度、刑事和解不起诉制度,同时完善配套制度和制约机制。     

规制量刑权的路径探析

量刑权属于德沃金言下的弱自由裁量权，具有实现个案事实与刑法规范无缝对接、彰显社会正义与保障人权的价值。量刑虽是一项具有浓郁能动司法色彩的活动，但量刑权的行使却不能简单地基于正当、合理的名义。而是首先应遵循一套实体规则，这个实体规则以责任刑法为价值基础，背靠法律人经验，思维步骤符合认知规律且历经实践检验；同时为确保实体规则得以一体遵循，还须设置和运行量刑程序，最终促使法官判罚说理，提高司法信度和效度。     

Supervisor Relationships,Teamwork, Role Ambiguity and Discretionary Power: Nurses in Australia and the United Kingdom

This paper reports comparative research comparing the relationship between supervisor-subordinate relationships, teamwork, role ambiguity and discretionary power for nurses working in public and private sector hospitals in Australia and the UK. The findings indicate that the four factors accounted for approximately a quarter of the variance for nurses in the UK and almost a fifth of the variance for nurses working in public sector hospitals. Moreover, the findings identify a significant difference across all variables for nurses working in public sector hospitals compared with private sector with nurses in the private sector having higher satisfaction levels and perceiving lower levels of role ambiguity. There were fewer differences for nurses working in Australian hospitals compared with UK hospitals with nurses in Australia perceiving a better supervisor-subordinate relationship and nurses in the UK perceiving greater satisfaction with teamwork.     

守法主义与裁量正义

维护法律的权威和弥合“法律与社会现实之间的距离”是审判实践当中所面临着的永恒性难题,前者是技术性司法所努力的方向,后者则是自由裁量所努力的方向.在技术性司法背景下,为保障司法的客观性,法院和法官往往在追求司法技术理性、坚持司法克制主义以及反对司法决疑术的三个方面不断地努力.尽管这种努力并非是一种完全成功的努力,但守法主义却是一种久经磨砺的技术性司法立场,也是贯彻法治思维的基本司法原则.裁量正义需要通过其法律基础、社会基础和政治基础这三个宏观方面来加以建构.     

假释制度适用研究

假释制度诞生于19世纪的欧洲，是刑罚科学化、文明化的结晶，是监狱文明的标志性制度之一．为当今世界各国所普遍采用。我国虽然很早就确立了此项刑罚制度，但是，无论是在法律制度上．还是在适用方面，均存在明显不足。《刑法修正案（八）》对于假释制度进行了修改和完善，为进一步做好假释工作提供了依据。鉴此，围绕假释适用问题再作研究探讨，以期在纵深领域有所突破，力推我国的刑罚制度更趋完善。     

论刑罚的酌定减轻

刑罚的酌定减轻相较于其他刑罚制度更有助于体现一般正义与具体正义的综合诉求,并可调适法律和现实间的矛盾,实现正义和功利的相济为用。要明确把"案件的特殊情况"限定为酌定量刑情节以及法定的附有酌定量刑情节的特殊事实。同时,要严格酌定减轻的操作步骤并针对其动态运作的缺陷予以完善。     

述评《涉外民事关系法律适用法》——以有限理性和自由裁量权为视角

2010年10月28日,我国通过了《涉外民事关系法律适用法》,并于2011年4月1日起开始施行。这是新中国第一部关于冲突法的单行法规,在我国国际私法（冲突法）的立法史上具有里程碑的意义。从有限理性和自由裁量权来看,《法律适用法》在立法上具有重大的突破,采取了开放式的立法形式,确立了最密切联系原则的补充性质,强调了弱者权利的保护,赋予了法官一定的自由裁量权。但其也存在需要完善的地方,没有将最密切联系原则上升为基本原则的地位。     

我国检察机关未成年人酌定不起诉制度研究

未成年人酌定不起诉制度是矫正未成年人犯罪,使其尽快回归社会的有效制度之一。本文通过对未成年人酌定不起诉制度含义的阐述和对德国、日本和台湾地区有关制度的介绍,进一步提出我国应引入恢复性司法模式,设立不起诉调查程序,建立不起诉听证程序和建立帮教制度等对策建议,以期为完善我国未成年人犯罪制度不起诉制度提供借鉴。     

Recidivism and the Propensity to Forgo Parole Release

This study investigates whether inmates who are unconditionally released at the end of their sentence because they opt out of the parole process could potentially benefit from community supervision. This research was conducted in response to a recently passed law in the state of New Jersey that targets this group for a mandatory six-month term of parole. The study uses propensity scores to match this group to discretionarily released parolees in order to simulate random assignment. Results indicate that those who voluntarily forgo parole consideration are significantly less successful after release according to several measures of recidivism, including rearrests, reconvictions, and community tenure. However, between-group differences are small. Findings suggest that some form of supervision may be beneficial for this group, but likely not in the fashion that is explicated in the current law.