论丝绸之路经济带“五通”的法治建设

构建和优化共建丝绸之路经济带的“五通”法治环境，应重点加强政策沟通机制领域的法治建设，保障合作取得“最大公约数”；促进道路联通法治建设，确保陆海大道通衢联八方；优化经贸合作法律制度设计，打造拓展彼此市场的“金钥匙”；健全金融合作法律制度，为合作各方发展注入“金融活水”；完善人员流动和文化交流法治，健全“心相知、民相亲”的法治保障机制，积极为丝绸之路经济带高效可持续共建提供健全的法治保障和体制机制支撑。     

马克思人的需要理论的发生学逻辑探析及中国化启示

人的需要问题是马克思理论与实践活动的出发点和归宿。从历时性和共时性相结合的研究方法出发,可以将马克思关于人的需要的理论探索大致分为三个阶段,在这三个阶段中,人的需要理论明显呈现为一种否定之否定的过程,并最终在《资本论》及其手稿中实现了对人之需要的全面具体地把握。马克思人的需要理论的发生学逻辑对中国特色的社会主义建设的启示是:必须从"具体整体性"的高度关照人的需要问题,树立能力本位的发展理念,坚持以人为本的科学发展观,并促进人的全面自由发展与社会发展的和谐一致。     

自由意志的生态意蕴与生态道德责任的生成

自由意志是道德责任的前提。传统伦理学仅仅局限于在人类自身及人与人之间探讨人的自由意志及责任与义务问题,因而对自然的生态道德责任几乎无从谈起。自由意志的存在源于人自身与其内在自然的和谐,它的实现有赖于人与外在自然的和谐,即自由意志的生成与发展必然与自然相关。要实现最终的意志自由必然是自然和谐的自由;自由是人的自由意志的出发点和归宿点,也是人之为人的本质。证成自由意志具有生态性,不仅为人类改造自然界实践活动提供了合法性理由,也为保护自然环境提供道德合理性和生态正当性,从而成为生态道德责任的生成基础。     

马克思主义整体性问题的研究现状与进向

马克思主义整体性问题是当前理论研究的一个热点,虽然研究取得了许多积极的成果,但仍然存在着一些尚待深化的问题。在认真梳理和述评已有研究成果的基础上,我们认为从整体性意义上开展对马克思主义研究对象、逻辑结构和逻辑体系的研究,应该是下一步马克思主义整体性问题研究的进向。     

Agricultural policy in Russia and WTO accession

This article analyzes the implications of World Trade Organization (WTO) accession for Russian agricultural policy. Using Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data on producer support from 2010, we identify two major characteristics of Russian agricultural and trade policy (a) reliance on sizeable differences between world and domestic prices to generate two-thirds of agricultural producer support and (b) highly distortionary budget support. We then consider whether the disciplines introduced by WTO accession will constrain or even roll back these distortionary policies, thereby substantially changing the nature of agricultural policies in Russia. Using data from OECD-FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and Russian Ministry of Agriculture projections, we conclude that the structure of OECD-type producer support in 2020 will be very similar to its current state. Market price support will continue to dominate the Producer Support Estimate, and the projected Current Total Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) will approach the WTO Bound Total AMS (the ceiling on production-distorting support) only in 2018. For the reasons above, we conclude that although WTO accession provides opportunities for important changes in Russian sanitary, phytosanitary, food safety, trade, and tariff policies, membership is not a guarantee of systemic change. In fact, a serious look at Russian WTO commitments makes a minimum-change scenario quite possible and even likely.     

侦查辨认失真：错案形成的心理学因素分析

侦查辨认是常用的侦查措施之一,侦查辨认的可信度和有效度可以直接影响办案的结果,错误的侦查辨认结论可以导致错案的发生。本文通过重点探讨辨认人对案发生过程中客观刺激物各元素的原感知以及对辨认对象各元素的感知比较的误差,分析导致侦查辨认失真的心理学因素,最后提出防止侦查辨认失真的有效策略。     

Free software production as critical social practice

Abstract

This paper analyses the phenomenon of free and open source software (FOSS) in the light of Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello's The new spirit of capitalism. It argues that collaborative FOSS production by volunteer software developers is a species of critical social practice in Boltanski and Chiapello's sense: rooted in resistance to capitalist social relations, and yet also a source of values that justify the new routes to profitability associated with contemporary network capitalism. Advanced via collective projects that are sustained by hacker norms and privately legislated ‘copyleft’ law, the FOSS ethos is apparently antithetical to private property-based accumulation. Yet it can be shown to embody the ‘new spirit of capitalism’ in its most distilled form; moreover FOSS developers have instituted new forms of property and new modes of profit creation around software that are in the process of being adapted for use in other economic sectors. Meanwhile, the private law constraints on profit-seeking that have emerged from the FOSS movement are counteracting some of the social pathologies that accompany network capitalism only to consolidate others. The paper concludes by identifying likely bases for a renewal of critique given these realities.     

归责何以可能:人工智能时代的自由意志与法律责任

自由意志是归责的基础,以基因编辑技术为代表的基因工程、医疗性人工装置和人工智能构成了对自由意志的根本挑战,对法律责任的认定影响甚大。这些挑战是根本性的,而不是工具意义上的。它们在法哲学上可以分为两个方面:一是现实的挑战,即以基因工程和弱人工智能为代表的新兴科技引发了人类在自由意志方面的争议;二是未来的终极挑战,即强人工智能体被认为具有和人一样的自由意志,能够成为法律主体,从而承担完全的法律责任。现实的挑战构成了责任承担的新的"宽恕"条件;而未来的挑战也值得认真对待,因为自由意志不仅关乎责任,也关乎人性尊严。     

由直译意译引发的思考

直译和意译之争由来已久。有人认为应以直译为主,也有人认为应以意译为主。其实,单纯地谈直译、意译之争是没有多大意义的。更多的需要结合翻译定义、翻译标准、译者目的、译者修养、译者所处时代特征等。新时期,翻译的文化因素受到越来越多的关注。西方学者首先提出的异化、归化概念在新时期的中国发生了变化。直译与意译相结合的方法不失为处理翻译的好方法。贝尔的翻译观(即"概念匣子"理论),让人注意到直译与意译都不是万能的。     

论离婚案件中法官自由裁量权的运用

在我国的司法实践中,法官在适用离婚标准处理离婚案件时,拥有较大的自由裁量权。面对纷繁复杂的社会关系,如果对自由裁量权的运用不当,不仅不能依法维护当事人的合法权益,必然也会引起一些新的问题,本文从具体情况出发,对我国法官在离婚标准适用中自由裁量权的运用做了一些探讨,以期对我国的司法实践有所助益。