The Influence of Lying Body Position on Handwriting

Although the problem of handwriting variability due to lying body position has practical significance, particularly for last will cases, it has not been sufficiently studied. The presented experiment aimed to recognize how such posture may influence handwriting features. Samples of text and signatures were collected from 50 healthy individuals, aged 23–58, produced in three postures: typical sitting position (SP) and two different lying positions (LP1 & LP2). Using the SP sample of each individual as a specimen, eleven characteristics in LP1 and LP2 samples were evaluated as similar or different. Nine other features were measured with a specialized software, and their conformity was tested with Student's t‐test. Although none of the characteristics differed significantly in most cases, variation occurred in pen pressure, margins, baselines, and heights of letters. Additionally, a series of blind tests revealed that lying position of the individuals did not hinder the possibility to identify their writings.     

一直涉案打印文件言语人的同一认定

涉案打印文件言语人的同一认定,即打印文件撰稿人的认定,这是新时期文件检验面临的一个新的、需要深入研究的重要课题。文章以一起跨世纪侦查的重大案件为主,阐述了从涉案打印文件言语特征(形式)和思想内涵(内容)两方面成功认定案件嫌疑人的具体做法和体会。文章认为,只要满足相关条件,以现代语言科学有关理论为指导,根据打印文件言语特征,认定案件嫌疑人是可行的,也是科学的。     

学好《法律解释》正确处理施工合同纠纷

最高人民法院2004年10月25发布了《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》。学好用好这个《解释》,为有效履行建设施工合同、澄清长期司法实践中施工合同中有争议的问题,保护当事人双方的合法权益,正确、合理处理施工合同纠纷具有划时代的意义。     

The Classification of Inkjet Inks Using AccuTOF™ DART™ (Direct Analysis in Real Time) Mass Spectrometry—A Preliminary Study

A novel approach for the analysis of inkjet inks is being reported. A time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer, coupled with a Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART?) ion source (AccuTOF? DART?), was used to determine if inkjet inks from various manufacturers and models of printers could be reliably differentiated, characterized, and identified. A total of 217 ink standards were analyzed. As inkjet printing often involves the use of multiple colors (e.g., cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) to form an image or text, two different approaches to creating a library of standards and sampling methods were evaluated for implementation in a standard operating procedure. This research will show that a microscopic examination of the region of interest is requisite to identify what colors were utilized during the printing process, prior to comparing with known standards. Finally, blind testing was administered with 10 unknown samples to assess the validity and accuracy of the methodology.     

Preparation of Disappearing Inks and Studying the Fading Time on Different Paper Surfaces

Abstract: Disappearing inks have been used in different fields, but it may be abused in forgery and counterfeiting. This research was conducted on the preparation of disappearing inks using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, and their mixture. The prepared inks were applied to different types of handwriting papers. It was found that the handwriting stability increased by increasing thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, or alkali concentration, but in the case of using 4 mL of 1 normal (N) NaOH, the handwriting stability of phenolphthalein and its mixture inks decreased. Deciphering of the faded handwriting was evaluated by different methods; using optical deciphering, the faded handwriting did not respond to the different light sources. All the faded handwriting was visible when treated with alkaline solution. There was no change in the faded handwriting when heated to 100°C; phenolphthalein and mixture inks containing 0.5 mL of 1 N NaOH became red when only Azhar and Xerox papers were heated to 150°C.     

The prosecutor's interview with suspects in South Korea

South Korean criminal trials heavily depend on the investigation dossier written by prosecutor. The judges do no more than confirm evidence in the prosecutor's interview documents. This leads to a conviction rate exceeding 99 per cent, which is one of the highest in the world. The study aims to explore the reliability of such prosecutorial interview documents and the problems caused by criminal trials depending on them. This is based on a semi-structured interview of 20 legal professionals. Prosecutors' written interview records cannot help to regulate the risk of abuse as they provide the court with quite limited and skewed information. The criminal justice system should amend the evidentiary impact of the prosecutorial interview records. Instead, it should establish a number of appropriate safeguards to protect suspects against false confessions.     

"六山六水"民族调查中的民族历史文献:关于本土的历史民族志

通过对 2 0年来田野调查所收录的民族历史文献的梳理 ,归纳了民族历史文献的特征 ,以及它对于民族学在贵州的本土化具有的重要价值     

论公安强制措施报告类法律文书理由的写作

公安强制措施报告类法律文书理由的写作要求，理由要概括、精炼；理由要充分、具有说服力；理由要按照法律规定进行阐述；阐述理由的角度要正确。     

重复抵押不应禁止但需限制

本文在学界已有研究基础上 ,从理论和实践两个方面比较深入系统地阐述了重押禁止的不科学性 ,并提出对重押进行“五个限制”的观点。     

关于女性在传统社会中地位的思考--以梅县客家妇女为例

关于中国女性在传统社会中的地位,传统的观点是:在以男性为核心男尊女卑传统社会中,妇女是不能登堂入室的。作者近来在粤东梅县进行民俗考察时,从民间收集到大量有关产权变更、书简或婚书等古文书,细读这批文书,审视女性的社会地位,可以看出,梅县妇女在传统宗族社会中具有不俗的尊长地位。其原因是多方面的,其中之一当与地方生态环境有关。