因事成制：关于中国新闻法制建设的思考

在我国，新世纪以来几件为公众周知的事件促生了一些人所称道的法规和案例。“因事成制”的思维和路径契合我国文化传统，是“因势成事”的具体表现。“因事成制”可以创新制度，也可以进行法律移植。“因事成制”有其存在的现实必要性和可能性，既体现了政治家使新闻传播权利“软着陆”的智慧，又有着深厚的法学理据，论题学法学、伯克利学派，以及哈耶克的有关理论等皆可使其得以证立。“因事”包括“借事”与“造事”，新闻法制变革借事成制已有，而造事未见。     

Groups Work for Women: Gender and Group Identity in Social Dilemmas

Behavior in social-dilemma (mixed-motive) situations has been of great interest to economists, psychologists, and negotiation scholars. In this study, we used a threshold social-dilemma game to examine factors that have not yet been investigated and that may have an impact on behavior in these settings: gender and group identity. We found that, for women, interacting with members of a naturally occurring group increased coordination and efficiency, while for men, interacting with members of a naturally occurring group decreased coordination and efficiency. Psychological literature on gender differences and group interdependence explains these differences. We conclude by discussing the implications of these results for gender differences in negotiation behavior.     

‘Austria First’ revisited: a diachronic cross-sectional analysis of the gender and body politics of the extreme right

ABSTRACT

In this paper, Rheindorf and Wodak provide a discourse-historical analysis of extreme-right cultural politics in Austria, ranging from the blatant racism in the speeches of Vienna’s former Deputy Mayor Johann Gudenus (now MP in the Austrian parliament) to the construction of an idealized national body in the election campaigns of the Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ), its programmatic agenda in handbooks and pamphlets, and the performances of far-right pop singer Andreas Gabalier. Rheindorf and Wodak argue that such cultural politics use a wide spectrum of discursive strategies both inside and outside established party politics and that the accompanying production of an ideal extreme-right subject is informed by nativist ideology. The cross-sectional analysis demonstrates that the cultural politics of the Austrian extreme right ranges from appropriated national symbols to coded National Socialist iconography. These politics pervasively construct a gendered and racialized national body, policed by a ‘strict father’ and nurtured by a ‘self-sacrificing mother’, vis-à-vis an apocalyptic threat scenario identified with migration, intellectual and political elites, cosmopolitanism and progressive gender politics.     

The gender politics of executive candidate selection and reselection

This research provides new theoretical and empirical insights into the gender politics of the springboards to chief executive office. The extremely masculinised composition of the relatively few top national executive positions has posed a serious impediment to empirically assessing the conditions that may facilitate women's under-representation and men's over-representation. To overcome this constraint, this study looks at the top regional executive office across four West European countries that present a multilevel state structure – namely Austria, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. Using two original datasets, the article examines the ways in which the selection and reselection of regional prime ministerial candidates is shaped by individual, organisational and institutional factors that produce heterogeneous experiences and career opportunities across sex. The results show that women have not shattered the glass ceiling at the regional level and pinpoint the fact that they are held to higher standards, benefit less from the political resources they possess and are more dependent on the decision environment in which parties select executive candidates. The conclusion is that the rules of the game guiding selection and reselection processes are strongly biased towards men.     

社会性别的马克思主义诠释

对社会性别的马克思主义诠释是社会性别理论本土化和丰富发展马克思主义妇女理论的需要。本文认为社会性别是社会历史的产物,消除不合理性别差异的最终目的是人的解放,实现这一目标的途径是在发展生产力的基础上进行制度文化的变革。社会性别理论在某种程度上存在忽视生理区别、片面归因于文化、抹杀性别差异的局限,需要从马克思主义立场加以补充和校正。     

中国妇女参政十年回顾与评估

该文对于1995年至2005年的中国妇女参政进行回顾评估,从四个方面展开:第一,将十年妇女参政置于解放后的历史背景下,描述加强制定性别保障政策的意义和实践。第二,发现女性民主参与对我国公共政策推进的价值。第三,与国际社会妇女参政进行比较,与我国民主党派进行比较,分析这十年妇女参政停滞不前的状况和原因。第四,分析参政女性在权力结构中的边缘地位,认为导致女性政治参与更多表现出的是非权力的外围参与,对公共政策的影响效果有限。     

有关传播法规与政策的社会性别分析

本文检视了中国现行的传播法律、法规、行政规章和其它行政规范性文件,简要介绍了其中涉及女性权益的法条和规定,指出存在的问题,并就如何改进和完善保障女性权益的传播法制环境提出了对策性的建议。     

现实社会中性别意识的盲点

用性别意识的眼光审视我们的现实社会 ,会发现无论是在社会参与上、大众传媒中 ,还是广大公众中都不同程度地存在着性别意识的盲点或误区。这些盲点或误区已严重影响女性发展 ,阻碍社会进步 ,因此我们不能等闲视之。     

中国汉族6-18周岁男性牙齿生长发育的年龄研究

目的研究牙齿钙化程度与年龄的关系,建立利用牙齿钙化程度推断中国汉族6～18周岁男性年龄的办程。方法通过对6568名6～18周岁汉族男性全口曲面断层影像上牙齿的钙化程度进行评分;将分级值及其对应年龄输入SPSS软件进行分析,建立推断年龄的方程模型;从研究样本外随机抽取已知年龄的样本160例进行卣测,,结果同名牙齿钙化评分值侧别间秩合检验结果P〉0．05;下颌左侧恒牙钙化评分值与年龄相关分析结果r值均存0．7以上,下颌同名牙间相关系数r均在0．9以上;所建回归模型拟合优度R^2=0．828,估计值标准误为1．23岁;阿测平均洪差为0．423±0．269岁。结论本研究所建立的方法准确可靠,可用于中国汉族6～18周岁男性人群的年龄推断。