防治青年女性复吸毒社会支持网络体系的建构

对青年女性群体复吸毒的防治最重要的是加强她们出戒毒所后的社会支持工作，良好的社会支持环境不仅可以有效抑制复吸冲动，而且可以使吸毒者心理行为得到矫正，增强适应社会的能力，与社会形成良好的、正常的互动，顺利回归主流社会。     

建立我国污点证人豁免制度的实证分析——以贿赂案件为例

本文通过借鉴域外污点证人豁免制度,结合我国查处贿赂案件的实证考察,对在我国引入和建立污点证人豁免制度的可行性和必要性进行了分析。最后提出建立我国污点证人作证制度的构想,为完善我国打击严重的贿赂犯罪的立法与司法实践提供参考。     

和谐语境下罪犯改造行为之选择

传统的狱政管理认为，罪犯改造的行为属法律强制执行的范畴。在和谐语境下，罪犯改造行为的选择是罪犯改造内因的外化形式，既表现出社会属性，又表现为法律属性，具有相对性、互为性和变异性等特征。选择是有条件的选择，需要用适度、法治和规范等原则对选择的载体进行调适，以达到激发罪犯积极改造行为之目的。     

Profiles of Victimized Women Among the Child Welfare Population: Implications for Targeted Child Welfare Policy and Practices

Despite the call to address domestic violence along with child maltreatment, little information exists to guide services for victimized women involved with child welfare. Research shows that victimized women contend with multiple problems stemming from violent victimization. Unfortunately less is known about combinations of needs and resources among victimized women, especially for those involved with child welfare. Through an examination of needs and resources among families with child maltreatment and domestic violence, we aimed to help address this knowledge gap. Needs and resources among 1,229 victimized caregivers were examined using the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being (NSCAW). Using latent class analysis, four distinct multivariate profiles of needs and resources among victimized caregivers were identified. Significant differences were found among the profile groups in the family violence they experienced in the 18 months following child welfare investigations. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for tailored practices to enhance the safety of victimized caregivers involved with child welfare. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 9th Annual Conference of the Society for Social Work and Research, Miami, Florida in January 2005.     

THE RELEVANCE OF PEACE TO STUDIES OF DRUG MARKET VIOLENCE*

Goldstein's (1985) concept of systemic violence has contributed substantially to criminological thought and research, but its power can be enhanced by connecting it to a broader typology of social life: the resource exchange—social control typology. That typology connects systemic violence logically with two important yet neglected forms of drug market behavior: peaceful resource exchange and peaceful social control. This article, which is based on 50 in‐depth interviews with individuals involved actively or recently in drug selling, describes the various forms of violent and nonviolent resource exchange and social control in illicit drug markets, stating them in quantitative terms that are conceptually distinct and empirically observable. We conclude by discussing 1) the implications of peaceful behavior for a fuller understanding of violence and 2) the relevance of the resource exchange‐social control typology to criminological theory and research.     

解决公民信“访”不信“法”问题的对策

信访制度是我国公民政治参与和民意表达诉求的重要渠道,也是实现和维护公民权利的具体形式。本文分析了当前公民涉法涉诉类信访存在的信＂访＂不信＂法＂问题的主要弊端,剖析了其深层次原因,结合我国法律、政治等实际提出了综合解决方案,以期对建设社会主义政治文明有所裨益。     

Distribution profile of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB) in rats after oral and subcutaneous doses

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB) is one of the potent hallucinogenic phenylalkylamines, whose ingestion has already caused several deaths reported all over the world. However, there is unsufficient information on DOB properties based on controlled pharmacokinetic studies available. The aim of this study was to clarify the distribution profile of DOB and its phenolic metabolite 2-methoxy-5-hydroxy-4-bromoamphetamine (2M5H4BA) in blood and biological tissues of experimental rats. The rats were administered a 20 mg/kg dose of DOB·HCl by oral ingestion or subcutaneous injection. Plasma and brain, liver and lung tissues were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 h after dosing (three animals per time point). The samples were prepared by a liquid–liquid extraction procedure and the extracts were assayed by GC–MS. After per oral application, DOB peak plasma level of 320 ng/mL was reached after one-hour post dosing as well as 2M5H4BA peak concentration of 203 ng/mL. A rapid phase of DOB absorption, 2M5H4BA formation and their tissue distribution during the first two hours after application were followed by a slow decrease rate of the elimination process until 32 h. After subcutaneous application, high plasma levels of the unchanged parent drug and relatively reduced formation of its metabolite 2M5H4BA were observed. DOB maximum plasma concentration of 1143 ng/mL was reached after one-hour post application, whereas its metabolite peak level after 8 h was 213 ng/mL. The concentration profiles of both compounds in plasma after per oral and subcutaneous administration revealed the existence of significant first pass effect after per oral administration that significantly affected DOB bioavailability. DOB tissue concentrations exceeded plasma and the highest values were found in the lungs, where drug accumulation occurred with prolonged retention till 32 h after subcutaneous dose. Although the plasma/tissue transfer was more effective for the lipophilic parent drug than for its hydroxylated metabolite 2M5H4BA, the metabolite tissue levels were significant. The hallucinogenic potential of 2M5H4BA appearing in brain remains unclear as nothing is known about its pharmacological activity at present.     

“命案必破”的逻辑解析

“命案必破”是一个规范命题,承诺命题,同时又是一个必然模态命题。“命案必破”之因,产生了公安工作发展之果;公安工作发展之果又不断促进“命案必破”目标的实现;“命案必破”目标的不断实现必然促进社会治安秩序的稳定;社会治安秩序的稳定又为构建社会主义和谐社会提供强有力的保障。因此,无论从逻辑上对命题本身的解读,还是对命题与实践结果的因果分析,都可以得出一个结论,“命案必破”命题的提出不但是科学的,而且具有十分积极的社会意义。     

公共利益分层——公私益关系的新视角

传统公私益对立论存在着严重缺陷。公益与私益之间存在着诸多的一致性,从二者的构成来看,公益由私益组成,而私益最主要的构成部分也是公益。因而公私益之间是一种对立与一致并存的复杂关系,这是二者之间的第一层关系(基本关系)。由于公私益之间的一致性,因而公益与私益的冲突转变为了公益与公益之间的冲突,这种冲突的解决需要引入公益分层理论。公益与私益之间的第二层关系(地位关系)在公益分层理论之下,呈现出一种复杂的动态关系。     

在意思自治与法律强制之间——关于物权法定原则的思考

物权法定原则是物权法的一项古老原则,曾被认为是我国制定物权法立法过程中最少争议的原则。但一段时间以来,对该原则的质疑多了起来,有人认为物权法定原则造成了物权体系的封闭和僵化,限制了当事人的意思自治。客观地说,在目前,坚持物权法定比允许物权自由创设更符合我国的实际需要,能够更有效地保证交易安全和交易迅捷,有效地控制交易成本,从而提高资源的配置效率。