Marketing in Emerging Market Economies

This paper presents a literature review on the marketing concepts and strategies applied in the emerging economies. The focus of the research was the stage of development and the application of marketing principles in emerging economies, with an emphasis in specific countries, cultures and industries concerned. Issues such as marketing research and its implementation, marketing opportunities, role of distribution channels and communications, marketing strategies and policies in different cultural contexts, marketing specifics compared to developed countries and marketing in specific industries, were reviewed. It was concluded that emerging markets represent a huge opportunity for local and multinational companies. It was also proved that the marketing in general in these countries remains underdeveloped compared to Western countries of established market economies. Despite the fact that emerging market economies represent group countries with same features in some sense, a specific country and industry approach as far as marketing concerns was suggested.     

氟硝西泮滥用及检测研究进展

具有镇静催眠作用的氟硝西泮曾在世界范围内被滥用,常被用于自杀、谋杀、迷奸、迷抢等案(事)件。近年其又成为俱乐部滥用药物之一。该药物在体内主要经肝脏代谢为7-氨基氟硝西泮和N-去甲基氟硝西泮,且7-氨基氟硝西泮的血药浓度常常大于血液中的母体药物浓度,大约90%的代谢产物经尿液排出,10%经粪便排出。目前报道的相关分析方法主要是对于血液、尿液、毛发、酒水饮品等检材经LLE、SPE、LPME等净化萃取后,采用毛细管电泳法、色谱法、质谱法及各种技术的联用,检测母体药物及相关代谢产物。本文对氟硝西泮的滥用、体内代谢以及样品的提取净化、仪器分析等进行总结,为相关案(事)件的办理提供参考。     

‘They come here to work’: an evaluation of the economic argument in favor of immigrant rights

Advocates commonly highlight the exploitation that hard-working undocumented immigrants commonly suffer at the hands of employers, the important contribution they make to the US economy, and the fiscal folly of border militarization and enhanced immigration enforcement policies. In this paper, I unpack these economic rationales for expanding immigrant rights, and examine the nuanced ways in which advocates deploy this frame. To do so, I rely on statements issued by publicly present immigrant rights groups in six places: California, Florida, Illinois, New York, Texas, and Washington, DC. I also draw on interviews with immigrant advocates in San Jose, CA and Houston, TX, press releases from two alternative national immigrant rights organizations, and an ethnographic photo-documentation of immigrant rights mobilizations in 2012–2014. Economic rationales, I emphasize, can be found in each of these contexts, but are not mutually exclusive to other justifications, including narratives about civil, human, and family rights for immigrants. However, I argue that an economic framing of immigrant rights nonetheless runs the risk reifying work over conventional understandings of criminality, often relies on a narrow definition of economic worth, and could have negative consequences for coalition building.     

国际禁毒合作中的控制下交付手段研究

控制下交付是国际社会打击毒品犯罪的重要手段,在国际禁毒合作中占有重要地位。针对跨国贩毒活动,在具体实施控制下交付之前需要考虑多种因素。在决定实施控制下交付之后,可以通过有关的国际禁毒合作途径,与其他国家的侦查机关迅速取得联系,共同采取措施。在具体实施过程中还要注意做好相关工作,在确保毒品安全的情况下,尽可能地将跨国贩毒集团一网打尽。     

贵州“阳光工程”戒毒康复模式特点探析——以社会管理创新为视角

戒毒人员回归社会是一个世界性的难题,贵州以加强和创新社会管理为导向,对戒毒模式进行积极探索,创建了以"就业安置"为核心,以"阳光企业"为载体,集"生理脱毒、身心康复、就业安置、融入社会"四位一体的"阳光工程"戒毒康复模式。其突出特点是强化政府的主导作用,凸显责任型政府形象;切实解决就业等实际问题,彰显服务型政府导向;注重社会力量的参与,创建开放型的管理模式。     

不知是假毒品而帮人贩卖的行为定性——兼评司法解释关于贩卖假毒品之定性问题的非合理性

不知道是假毒品而当作毒品进行贩卖的,事实上不可能造成损害法益的结果,不具有实质违法性,属于不具有可罚性且不应作为犯罪处理的对象不能犯.不知道是假毒品而帮人贩卖的,行为人主观上没有以假毒品冒充真毒品骗取他人钱财的故意,客观上贩卖的也不是刑法规定的毒品,按照罪刑法定和主客观相统一的原则,不应以贩卖毒品罪（未遂）追究其刑事责任.     

Developmental tendencies in the situation of East Elbian rural labourers ∗

Abstract

Whereas orthodox economists supported the liberalization of goods and capital markets in the current global era, they typically assumed away the need to liberalize labour markets at an international level. The unexpected rise and then persistence of international immigration indicated the shortcomings of the orthodox account in theory and practice. Various recurring and contradictory or unsupported narratives were developed to ‘explain away’ the necessity or desirability of a policy of free migration, and this in spite of an ideology that otherwise promoted liberalization and choice in matters affecting goods and factor markets. There was, finally, a normative contradiction at the core of the orthodox account.     

Brunei's strategic dilemmas

Abstract

This paper compares health policy trends in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand with the purpose of drawing usable lessons in reform. The study finds that governments in the region are rapidly privatizing the provision of healthcare at the same time as they are expanding the government's role in financing. The paper argues that expansion of public financing at the same time as private provision is misconceived as the combination would aggravate instances and severity of market failures peculiar to the sector. The dysfunctional trend is particularly evident in Indonesia and the Philippines. In Thailand, in contrast, the expansion of public financing has occurred in the context of a health system dominated by public providers, which has had the effect of restraining healthcare costs. Malaysia occupies a mid position between Indonesia and the Philippines on the one hand and Thailand on the other. All four cases underline the value of state capacity in designing optimal policies and implementing them effectively.     

马来西亚人力资源市场的现状及其特点

1987年以来,马来西亚经济持续高速发展,第二产业和第三产业的迅速发展为该国国民提供了广阔的就业市场,农村城镇化的成功又使得绝大多数的劳动力进入到人力资源市场,加之政府积极的就业政策、网络、报刊杂志、职业中介机构等的推动力量,这些都促成了马来西亚统一的人力资源市场的形成。然而,种族思想与大量外劳的存在使得其人力资源市场在供求机制、竞争机制、人力资源开发等方面不同程度地存在着不足。     

物流贩毒研究

物流贩毒是近年来兴起的一种新的毒品寄递手法和方式。受国际毒潮及我国涉毒因素的影响，通过物流寄递渠道进行的毒品犯罪活动不断增多，并且，随着我国社会的转型和物流行业的兴盛，物流贩毒出现“暂时失控”或“无效控制”的态势，物流渠道成为继陆、海、空之后的又一大毒品贩运渠道，因此，必须对物流贩毒引起高度重视，坚决予以严打。