论飞车抢夺犯罪的防治对策

飞车抢夺是指主要借助机动车辆实施抢夺的行为。飞车抢夺犯罪的特征主要有:犯罪地域的集中性;犯罪时间的选择性; 犯罪对象的针对性:犯罪目标的特定性;犯罪结构的集合性;犯罪主体的年轻化。飞车抢夺犯罪的防范措施主要有:建立“打防控”体化 防范网络:完善情报信息网络建设;重点布防确保打击的准确力和精确度,动员社会各方面力量进行社会治安综合治理;提高人们对 飞车抢夺犯罪的认识和防范能力。     

Rearrest probabilities for the 1984–1993 apprehended Western Australian population: A survival analysis

A large population of all persons arrested by police in Western Australia for the first time between April 1, 1984, and June 30, 1993 (n=146,038), were followed up to determine if they have ever been rearrested. Probabilities of rearrest were estimated at 0.52 for male non-Aborigines, 0.36 for female non-Aborigines, 0.88 for male Aborigines, and 0.85 for female Aborigines. Significant variations in the probability of rearrest and/or time to rearrest for different age groups, number of times arrested, occupational status, offense group, place of birth, and bail status were observed. Covariate analysis (Maller, 1993) of non-Aboriginals (n=51,302) found with the offense of driving under the influence (DUI) was also undertaken to test the significance of differences in probabilities of rearrest for subgroups. Probabilities of rearrest were 0.47 forany offense and 0.31 for arepeat DUI for males and 0.34 forany offense and 0.20 for arepeat DUI for females. The results are discussed in the light of estimates of reimprisonment and the utility of offender risk assessment.     

论危险驾驶罪

危险驾驶罪是刑法修正案（八）增设的一个罪名,对于该罪的构成要件,罪与非罪的界限,此罪与其他相关罪名的关系,笔者进行了探讨,并提出该罪的立法缺陷及修改建议。     

对制造醉酒驾车危险之先行行为的处罚

对醉酒驾车肇事行为人处罚刑法有明文规定。有必要对售酒的店主、劝酒的人以及同乘等对制造醉酒驾车危险的行为人以先行行为不作为犯进行处罚,其法理基础是自我答责理论和先行行为不作为犯理论。     

论醉酒后犯罪

醉酒后犯罪应区别生理醉酒和病理醉酒的不同情形来确定其刑事责任 ,醉酒者的主观过错亦存在故意与过失之别。醉酒后犯罪应在今后的立法中区别情况 ,列为从重或从轻情节。     

醉驾案件中醉酒标准认定之思考

目前,司法机关对危险驾驶犯罪的醉酒认定标准较为宽松,导致实践中部分无社会危害性的行为被纳入犯罪圈。为贯彻新时代良法善治的刑事司法理念,对危险驾驶犯罪中醉酒标准的认定应持审慎态度,建议借助证据法遏止醉酒驾驶行为过度犯罪化倾向,对于危险驾驶犯罪中的醉酒认定不宜过度依赖血液酒精鉴定,侦查机关应充分收集各类证据,统一交由审判者依其理性最终确定该行为是否构成犯罪。     

抢劫出租车犯罪案件的特点和侦防对策

随着我国经济的不断发展,城市出租车营运行业也飞速成长起来,同时以出租车司机为侵害对象的抢劫案件急剧上升。抢劫出租车犯罪案件已成为我国城市里严重暴力犯罪案件中发案率高的一类案件。为了掌握当前抢劫出租车犯罪案件的特点和规律,更好地开展打击和防范工作,必须就此类案件的特点和防范策略进行深入的分析和探讨。     

浅谈酒醉笔迹检验

酒醉笔迹检验是当前文件检验领域遇到的一个新课题。通过多次实验,收集不同职业、文化、年龄等人的酒后书写字迹样本,从酒醉笔迹检验的机理、酒醉笔迹的特征、酒醉笔迹检验三方面可以得出酒醉笔迹检验鉴定的方法以及样本收集方法。     

Drunk drivers—Chances for and difficulties in giving medico-legal opinions on drivers’ alcohol intoxication levels, on the basis of the material analyzed in the Forensic Medicine Department, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice in the years 2003–2007

The authors have conducted a statistical analysis of 340 court files investigated in the Forensic Medicine Department Medical University of Silesia, Katowice in the years 2003–2007 with regard to chances for as well as difficulties in giving medico-legal opinions on drivers’ alcohol intoxication levels, which would be valid for court purposes.     

Criminal and alcohol problems among Swedish drunk drivers--predictors of DUI relapse

The prevalence and types of crime offences, as well as predictors of relapse, among drivers suspected of driving under influence (DUI) were investigated. A total of 1830 Swedish DUI drivers responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test — AUDIT. Information about previous DUI offences, other traffic offences along with other types of criminal offences was taken from a crime register. A total criminality (including all traffic offences) of 64% in the period of five years before investigation was analyzed. 40% of the sample had other criminality besides traffic violations during that period. 14.3% of the drivers relapsed to DUI in the two-year period after the investigation. In terms of DUI relapse, the following factors were the main predictors: previous traffic violations, previous DUI offences, previous other criminality (frauds or other acts of dishonesty) and detection hours between 12.00 and 19.00. Detection in general traffic controls and high BAC (blood alcohol concentration) when detected were the strongest factors with negative correlation to DUI re-offence.