充分发挥基层民主自治组织在预防和阻止家庭暴力中的作用——浅谈有效预防和阻止家庭暴力制度的构建

家庭暴力由于其循环性、私密性等特征是世界各国普遍存在且难以解决的社会危害,而在我国由于反家庭暴力法律体系尚未形成,现行规定空白较多,宣传力度不够,专管不明确,维权成本过高,政府与非政府组织未形成合力等原因,使家暴问题尤为显著。为预防和阻止家庭暴力,应从改造我国现有制度,充分发挥基层民主自治组织的作用入手,加快构建有效预防和阻止家庭暴力的制度。     

我国农村民间金融风险防范问题的分析——以法经济学为视角

我国农村民间金融对我国的经济做出了不可磨灭的贡献的同时,由于其运行机制的非法化以及自身的缺陷,导致我国农村民间金融存在很大的风险,文章基于法经济学的视角,运用法经济学的分析方法,对我国农村民间金融风险现状和构建我国农村民间金融风险防范法律方面进行分析,以预防我国农村民间金融活动中出现的法律风险。     

我国西部边境治安现状及防控困境分析

我国西部边境北起新疆阿尔泰山脉,南至广西北部湾,边境线漫长。地势险要,社情复杂。近年来。西部边境地区民族分裂主义、宗教极端势力、暴力恐怖活动和贩毒、赌博、偷渡、走私及洗钱等边境犯罪呈现日益猖獗之势。治安现状不容乐观。与此同时。西部边境地区存在的警务资源有限、防控策略失调、跨区域协调障碍、技术装备落后、警务媒介公关能力欠缺等问题一直困扰着西部边境公安机关。成为进行治安防控的重要障碍。     

“套牌车”的法律分析及防范打击

“套牌车”的增多,不仅给道路交通安全带来了威胁,也损害了国家和群众的利益。文章从法律的角度出发,通过分析“套牌车”大量涌现的原因及其危害,旨在找出防范和打击的相应措施。     

刑法文化对犯罪预防控制的影响——从四种刑法文化类型进行的分析

刑法文化是一个国家的文化在刑法领域的显现,是刑法规范、相关法律设施等外化法律实体的内在精神部分,具体地表现在一个国家的犯罪观和刑罚观上.刑法文化反映和指导着一个国家的刑事政策,决定着犯罪的预防控制措施和刑事司法,并直接影响和决定着犯罪预防控制所采取的方式方法、模式以及犯罪预防控制体系的构建.不同类型的刑法文化孕育出不同的犯罪预防控制模式,不同类型的刑法文化中犯罪预防控制的指导思想、理论依据、所采用的方式、体系也是不同的.通过对重刑主义、工具主义、泛道德主义、泛刑主义四类刑法文化类型的分析,我们可以观察到不同刑法文化理念对犯罪预防控制产生的具体影响.     

情景预防初探

犯罪是一“综合病症”。科学的犯罪预防体系应当是多种预防模式的有机结合。我国一向对司法预防和社会预防比较重视,而对情景预防关注不够。虽然在犯罪预防实践中,已经有了一些情景预防的做法,但尚未系统化、完善化。将情景预防纳入到我国的犯罪预防体系之中,能够更为有效地控制和减少犯罪的发生。在我国和谐社会的构建中,应立足于我国的具体国情,借鉴国外情景预防的成功做法,探索有中国特色的情景预防模式。     

和谐社会背景下治安防控体系建设的探索

新世纪之初的我国治安防控,面临着严峻治安形势对我们的新挑战,同时又有着上一新台阶的发展机遇和条件,如何在和谐社会背景下建设与社会主义市场经济相适应的治安防控体系,己经成为我国新时期治安防控工作需要研究和亟待解决的新课题。     

School Shootings and Security Lock-downs: Myths,Positive School Climates,and Safer Campuses

School shooting tragedies and the juvenile justice system’s movement toward a retributive and punitive framework gravely impacted how primary and secondary school students, disproportionately urban districts, used security measures to lock down campuses and build “fortress-like” schools. This iteration of control on school campuses emerged in tandem with the most recent generation’s zero tolerance approach to student violence and problems; a policy widely regarded as ineffective in urban, suburban, and rural districts. As school shootings continue to impact state legislative action and public reactions to school management, this paper takes a critical approach to school security policies and reviews the evidence on the risk for school violence and how to move away from student control approaches that do not improve school safety. Instead, the incorporation of prosocial education and school engagement efforts finds that school and student safety is improved. These, and related approaches to student body management, decreases campus violence and may also minimize the risk of some school shootings - as rare as these tragic incidents are across the nation’s schools. The interplay of schools, students, and the juvenile and family courts is ongoing. Knowing how school districts can best approach their campus environments, safety, and learning is important for school social workers and court personnel because of how often these systems work, or do not work, together.     

A Policy Outcomes Comparison: Does SIB Market Discipline Narrow Social Rights?

Abstract

This article argues that the outcomes-based management schemes in social impact bonds (SIBs) simplify social impact and often ignore the complex ecosystem of more powerful actors that contribute to social problems. Using human ecological theory, it focuses on early care and education SIBs across the OECD to show how the focus on clients and metrics at the micro scale fails to achieve broad outcomes and may even narrow social rights. By contrast, SIBs that focus on meso- and macro-level actors have more opportunity to effect systemic change and broaden social rights. However, SIBs are rarely focused on powerful private market actors.