全面建设小康社会进程中环境保护对策初探(下)

当前,我国的环境问题主要是涉及经济、法律、社会、科技、教育、文化传统等诸多方面、领域的“问题复合体”。积极地从自然科学和社会科学的双重视角去集成各个领域专家的智慧,加强各方面和跨学科的交流与合作,打破以前相关部门在环保问题上的封闭、独立状态,逐步形成一种综合的环境治理模式和相应的对策,以便更好地解决环境问题,已日益紧迫、刻不容缓。     

西方社会生态犯罪学的新近发展

早期的生态犯罪学思想源自对生态环境关系与犯罪互动关系的思考 ,将社会生态作为犯罪系统研究标志社会生态犯罪学的诞生。2 0世纪社会生态犯罪学经历了从思想萌芽到学科体系形成的重要发展时期 :从芝加哥学派的人类生态学研究到所谓的新生态犯罪学理论和副文化理论。本文研究了生态犯罪学的主要研究方向 ,概括其理论成就及政策应用 ,评价其不足与最新研究进展     

试论习惯环保法

习惯环保法作为习惯法的一个重要组成部分具有和习惯法相同的特性.习惯环保法在一个社会共同体内具有一定的确定性、统一性和权威性.习惯环保法多数扎根于少数民族地区,是因其特殊的环境或生活习惯所形成的.本文阐述了习惯环保法产生的民族渊源、社会学基础及对其今后的引导方向,认为习惯环保法的变迁决定于当地族群文化的变迁,而后者又决定于当地的经济发展水平,因而习惯环保法的变迁最终取决于经济的变迁.     

乡(镇)村关系视阈中“村务公开”的困境及其破解路径

“村务公开”面临着许多现实问题,这些问题的根源在于基层社会乡村(镇)关系的矛盾和冲突,表现在基层权力体制、基层民主和乡(镇)村财政体制以及传统的“乡土文化”对“村务公开”的影响。破解“村务公开”的困境在于扩大基层民主自治范围和层次,建立乡(镇)民委员会的自治组织,进行“乡镇社区”治理。     

Realizing A Dream

正Selfless giving from a Tibetan man changes the lives of his fellow villagersSitting in his traditionally styled three-story Tibetan home and drinking butter tea,Pema Dhundrup,82,eyes the asphalt road in front of his house in Shuizhuang village,a Tibetan settlement in Shangri-La County of southwest China’s yunnan Province."It is this road that leads us out of the mountains to live a happy life,"he said.     

Host‐habitat Location by the Parasitoid,Nasonia vitripennis Walker (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

This study investigated the role of odorant cues used during host‐habitat location by the generalist parasitoid, Nasonia vitripennis Walker. Nasonia vitripennis is a common parasitoid of Dipteran pupae found in association with decaying carrion. Behavioral assays were used to investigate the host‐habitat searching behavior under different scenarios. First, we demonstrated N. vitripennis to be significantly attracted toward odorant cues associated with decaying meat. The biological activity of nine of the volatile molecules constituting the odor of decaying meat was tested on the searching behavior of parasitoid females through two complementary chemoecological approaches: electroantennography (EAG) and olfactometry bioassays. Butanoic acid and butan‐1‐ol elicited high olfactory responses, but no attraction was induced by these two chemicals. Behavioral assays showed that, among the VOCs tested, methyldisulfanylmethane (DMDS) was the only volatile chemical to induce attraction in N. vitripennis.     

Toward a critical peace education for sustainability

This article proposes the need for peace education as a field to embrace critical power analysis of place in efforts toward social and environmental sustainability. Rather than status quo reproduction, a critical peace education for sustainability should both elucidate and transform the power dynamics inherent in structural violence and cultural violence. The inherent rights of people, plants, and ecosystems to live with dignity and to prosper are proposed. Practically speaking, the article offers perspectives from a critical pedagogy of place and an earth connections curriculum unit as vehicles for transformative education.     

Representing Women in Chinese Village Self-Government: A New Perspective on Gender,Representation, and Democracy

ABSTRACT

Recent feminist debate about how to achieve the substantive representation of women in government has been conducted largely in relation to national parliaments in democratic states. This article brings a new perspective by examining grassroots rural government in contemporary China – an authoritarian state, which, however, began implementing village “self-government,” including elections, in 1987. The article draws on qualitative fieldwork in the Chinese provinces of Zhejiang and Yunnan. The authors went into this fieldwork with an understanding that women's substantive representation, democracy, and gender equality are mutually constituted and with an expectation that village self-government might make a much-needed contribution to the achievement of all three. However, we ran into trouble with this analytical framework. First, there were marked variations in villagers’ practices and understandings of “representation.” Second, we found that democracy was not a prerequisite for substantive representation. Third, most villagers we talked with claimed that “men and women are equal” and there was little conception of villagers’ interests diverging by gender. This article explores our analytical “trouble,” with a view to advancing scholarship on constraints to democracy in authoritarian states and suggesting fruitful directions for feminist theorists interested in the relationship between gender, representation and democracy.     

Diversity of Forensic Rove Beetles (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae) Associated with Decaying Pig Carcass in a Forest Biotope

Most forensic studies are focused on Diptera pattern colonization while neglecting Coleoptera succession. So far, little information is available on the postmortem colonization by beetles and the decomposition process they initiate under temperate biogeoclimatic countries. These beetles have, however, been referred to as being part of the entomofaunal colonization of a dead body. Forensic entomologists need increased databases detailing the distribution, ecology, and phenology of necrophagous insects, including staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). While pig carcasses are commonly used in forensic entomology studies to surrogate human decomposition and to investigate the entomofaunal succession, very few works have been conducted in Europe on large carcasses. Our work reports the monitoring of the presence of adult rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) on decaying pig carcasses in a forest biotope during four seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter). A total of 23 genera comprising 60 species of rove beetles were collected from pig carcasses.     

新时期青年农民工“文化反哺”现象初探

"文化反哺"即"逆向社会化",是一种自下而上的文化传承模式.当代青年农民工已初步具备"文化反哺"的能力,并有责任通过"文化反哺" 提高农村成人社会的现代社会适应能力.青年农民工"文化反哺" 在社会主义新农村建设中具有重要的社会价值.在肯定青年农民工"文化反哺"对农村社会进步的积极推动作用的同时,也要注意对其加以正确的引导.