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851.
Melissa?J.?Erwin Robyn?R.?M.?GershonEmail author Michael?Tiburzi Susan?Lin 《Journal of family violence》2005,20(1):13-19
The purpose of this case control study was to compare police officers (n = 106) from a large urban police force, charged with committing intimate partner violence (IPV) with officers who were not
charged (n = 105), in order to identify risk factors for IPV. We also compared the frequency, type, and final disposition of IPV reports
filed against police officers before and after the enactment of the 1994 Violence against Women Act (VAWA). Officers accused
of IPV were more likely to be members of a minority, on the force more than 7 years and assigned to a high crime district.
No major differences on intake baseline MMPI scores were noted between cases and controls. A significant increase in reports
of IPV was noted after the enactment of VAWA; the rate changed from 0.2/100 to 1.2/100 person years, although there were too
few pre-1994 reports to compare further. Most of the final dispositions of the cases resulted in cases closed due to unsupported
testimony from victims.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
852.
The bulk of previous research investigating attributions of responsibility in victimization scenarios have portrayed the assailant
as male and the victim as female. The present study varied gender of the participant, gender of the assailant, and gender
of the victim in order to examine gender bias in attributions of responsibility in abuse scenarios. Male and female participants
were presented with scenarios depicting an abusive interaction between two males, two females, or a male and a female character
and then made judgements of responsibility either with or without the narratives present. The results indicated that attributions
made by females were biased against male victims of a male assailant when judging actions of the assailant. Attributions made
by females and, to a lesser degree, attributions made by males were biased against the victim when the assailant and the participant
were of the same gender and attributions of assailants' actions were made without the narrative present. In the analysis of
attributions of actions of the victim, males attributed more responsibility to male than female victims. It is concluded that
gender of all parties may be an important consideration when judging responsibility in victimization scenarios. 相似文献
853.
Christopher?M.?MurphyEmail author Steven?Stosny Tanya?M.?Morrel 《Journal of family violence》2005,20(4):201-210
The role of low self-esteem in aggressive behavior has been questioned by theorists who claim that inflated, rather than deflated,
self-esteem is associated with violence, and that societal efforts to increase self-esteem may actually increase, rather than
decrease, violent behavior. This conjecture was tested in two treatment samples of partner violent men, one (n = 61) that received a behavioral intervention, and one (n = 107) that received a workshop program designed to enhance compassion for self and others. Both samples reported significant
reductions in relationship violence perpetration and significant increases in self-esteem from pre- to post-treatment. In
both samples, change in self-esteem was inversely correlated with change in physical aggression. Follow-up data from victims
were available for one of the samples, and revealed that self-esteem and its enhancement during treatment did not significantly
predict relationship violence during the year after treatment. These results indicate that self-esteem enhancement during
treatment for partner violent men is correlated with violence reduction, and does not increase the risk for subsequent relationship
aggression. 相似文献
854.
杨丽君 《云南警官学院学报》2002,(4):21-23
目前全世界有 2亿多人在吸毒 ,截止 2 0 0 1年底 ,中国登记在册吸毒人已达 90 1万人。吸毒以其突出的社会危害性受到当今世界各国及国际社会的共同关注 ,治理吸毒问题是我国禁毒工作的首要任务之一。然而 ,我国对“禁吸”的基础理论研究相对薄弱。本文对吸毒及其相关概念进行初步研究 ,旨在为治理吸毒问题构建必要的理论基础提供参考。 相似文献
855.
The behaviors and verbalizations of normal, preschool age boys and girls during interactions with sexually anatomically detailed (SAD) dolls were examined. A structured, nonsuggestive interview with each child was videotaped, and five behaviors and five verbalizations were coded for each of five phases of the interview. A two-way ANOVA (gender × phase) showed that during those phases when the dolls were undressed, both boys and girls showed more sexual exploratory play, aggressive behavior which was nonsexual, and active avoidance. Across all phases, nonsexual aggression accounted for 31% of the boys' and 22% of the girls' total responses. Behavioral and verbal sexual exploratory play represented 42% of the boys' responses and 50% of the girls' responses. In contrast, sexually aggressive behavior accounted for only 1% and 2% of the boys' and girls' responses, respectively. Girls interacted with the dolls more than did boys. Additionally, girls demonstrated more affection to the dolls than did the boys, and boys displayed more anxiety with the dolls than did girls. Investigators should be cautious as to inferences about preschoolers' interactions with SAD dolls, especially interactions of a sexual or aggressive nature which do not clearly depict fondling or intercourse. 相似文献
856.
Thirty three currently battered women who sought counseling/support services from a Nassau County, New York community agency that provides services to victims of domestic violence participated. Eighty-nine percent of the women experienced severe acts of physical abuse and 31% of the women required surgery or suffered concussions as a result of their injuries. Fifty-two percent of the women scored above 20 on the Beck Depression Inventory. As the number, form, and consequences of physically aggressive acts increased and/or worsened, the women's depressive symptoms increased and self-esteem decreased. However, only 12% of the women in this sample blamed themselves for causing their partner's violence. Further, neither self-blame nor partner blame was associated with length of abuse or the frequency and severity of physical aggression. However, self-blame was marginally associated with depressive symptomatology. 相似文献
857.
Jeanne Kohl 《Journal of family violence》1993,8(2):137-150
Early prevention education training has been advocated by scholars and practitioners to intervene with children and youth who have been or are being sexually abused as well as to prevent sexual abuse from occurring. This study identified and surveyed major school-based child sexual abuse prevention programs in the country. Results obtained from 126 prevention programs indicated that most programs are conducted at a local level; that together they reach hundreds of thousands of students, parents, teachers, and other school staff; and that they offer a prescribed curriculum and resource materials. Nearly two-thirds receive state funding assistance, with less than a third charging the schools. Most were established in the early and mid 1980s and have well-educated staff. Further, most work to meet the needs of disabled students and provide means for disclosure of sexual abuse. Training format, duration, and materials vary.This study was supported by Grant #5083B80014, Womens Educational Equity Act Program, U.S. Department of Education. 相似文献
858.
859.
Jacquelyn C. Campbell Paul Miller Mary M. Cardwell Ruth Ann Belknap 《Journal of family violence》1994,9(2):99-111
A longitudinal study of 114 women, all having serious problems in intimate relationships, recruited from the community was undertaken in order to investigate relationship and battering status over time. In the original sample (N=193), 97 women were battered and 96 were not battered, as determined by an adaptation of the Conflict Tactics Scale. Of the 114 who returned approximately 2 and 1/2 years later, only 25% of the 51 originally battered women were still in that category. Discriminant function analysis using a combination of variables from established instruments (depression, self-esteem, physical symptoms, self-care agency) and in depth interview (education, relationship control, relationship duration, childhood abuse) failed to distinguish those battered from those not abused at Time 2. Results do not support a learned helplessness model for most women experiencing abuse, and they suggest that battered women seen in the health care and/or social services systems should be supported in a process of healthy decision making about their relationship status. 相似文献
860.
Gail Elizabeth Wyatt 《Journal of family violence》1990,5(1):61-81
Several aspects of the victim's personal experience in the aftermath of child sexual abuse are described. Subject recruitment involved a multi-stage stratified probability sample of 126 African American and 122 White women, ages 18 to 36 years in Los Angeles County, matched on education, marital status, and the presence of children. Few ethnic differences were related to the initial response and short-term effects of the victim's experiences. Lasting effects of sexual abuse included sexual problems for women of both ethnic groups, but avoidance of men resembling the perpetrator was identified among African American women. Ethnicity may be a contributing factor to other adjustment related problems that African American women encounter in addition to their child sexual victimization. The implications of these findings and issues in the assessment of the aftermath are discussed. 相似文献