新就业形态的不确定性：平台资本空间中的数字劳动及其反思

在数字技术迅猛发展的影响下，以信息通信技术为支撑的灵活就业形态应运而生，平台资本空间中的数字劳动就是新就业形态的具体表征之一。它的一些共性特征表现为：灵活的时空安排与严苛的多重控制、情感的货币化与制式化的情感、低门槛与去劳动技能化、泛雇佣关系化与去劳动关系化。平台数字劳动在缓解劳动力市场矛盾和传播公共价值方面产生了影响，并且正在推动劳动法规与劳动保障制度的升级。尽管有许多积极因素，但新就业形态的涌现也裹挟着诸多不确定性，主要体现为劳动者职业身份与发展的不确定性、数字治理和劳动保护的不确定性、数字劳动研究范式与方法论的不确定性。这些都值得我们警惕。     

National trends in female arrests, 1960–1990: Assessment and recommendations for research

Trends in female criminality from 1960 to 1990 are examined. The main focus is UCR arrest statistics but other sources of evidence are also used. Major findings include the following: (1) relative to males, the profile of the female offender has not changed; and (2) the principal change in the female percentage of arrests involves the overall rise in property crime, especially minor thefts and frauds. The effects of broad-based legal and societal trends on female criminality are discussed and an agenda for research on the issue of female crime trends is proposed.     

社会制度对大学生就业的影响

影响大学生就业的重要因素是高等教育结构特别是高校专业结构、劳动力市场供大于求的状况、社会制度以及大学生自身的因素.解决青年大学生就业难问题,社会制度起到了重要的作用.作为政府首先要高度重视,在教育系统与劳动力市场的整合方面下功夫,从而优化大学生创新和创业的政策和环境.同时,大学毕业生自身的努力也尤为重要.     

The Employment of People with Criminal Records in the European Union

This paper summarises a large-scale research project, jointly funded by the European Commission and the Northern Ireland Office, about the legislation, policies, and practices which act against the employment of people with a criminal record in the European Union. The disparity of legal guidance between countries effectively restricts the opportunities for people with a criminal record to work in the country they choose. This paper intends to increase awareness of the policies across Europe which affect the employment of people with a criminal record with a view to addressing the marginalisation of this group and thereby encouraging the re-integration of ex-offenders into society. Details of the work undertaken by a project based in Northern Ireland, 'Coping with Convictions' which endeavours to tackle some of the existing barriers to ex-offender employment are described. In addition, the recent introduction of UK legislation, allowing employers greater access to criminal record information, and the implications this may have for ex-offenders seeking employment are also discussed.     

环境时代宪法对环境资源公平享用的确认

可持续发展思想作为人类自身面对日益恶化的环境问题,危机四伏的生存与发展现状之幡悟,其内涵与环境资源的公平享用有着极大的关联性,表现在可持续发展十分关注环境资源代内和代际公平享用问题。本文拟从可持续发展的角度探究环境时代宪法对环境资源公平享用确认的重大意义,并同时论证了集团诉讼对于环境资源代际公平享用实现的可行性与合理性。     

Trade Unions and Employment Relations in Italy during the Economic Crisis

Abstract

Many of the usual assumptions about the impact of the economic crisis on trade unions and employment relations only partially fit the Italian case. Trade unions during the crisis showed resilience both organisationally and as important actors in economic and political life. Also, the national industry level reaffirmed itself as the key level in industrial relations. Explanations of these unexpected outcomes have to do with some features of all three actors of Italian employment relations. Trade unions have become over time a relevant actor not just in the industrial relations arena but in several other spheres of Italian society and politics. As to employers, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have tended to prefer national sectoral-level agreements and set rather low wage standards, while employers’ associations have shown an organisational interest in preserving centralised bargaining where they play a role. Finally, governments have been too weak and short-lived to follow a consistent strategy of unilateral decision-making.     

在陆台湾青年毕业生就业创业选择意愿、影响因素与制度优化研究——基于福建省10所高校的调查分析

吸引在陆台湾青年毕业生在大陆就业创业,拓展台湾青年毕业生大陆就业创业的广度和深度,是新时代推动两岸和平统一和共享发展机遇的重要抓手。文章采取现场访谈和网络调查相结合的方式,通过对福建省10所高校学生的实证分析,重点从政策体系和制度机制的角度厘清在陆台湾青年毕业生就业创业所面临的政策重制订轻落实、就业创业成本高难度大、指导服务体系不完善等现实问题,从学习生活维度、区域偏好维度和愿景发展维度入手,优化政策供给内容与形式,突出各方“主体性作用”;构建精准服务平台与渠道,落实台生“同等化待遇”;注重就业创业能力建设与规划,提供全程“闭环式指导”。     

医师与第二执业医疗机构的法律关系探讨

医师多点执业作为医改的一个亮点,对医疗体制的改革有着重要的意义。但由于立法的滞后,推广效果仍不尽人意。本文试从劳动法的角度,对医师多点执业的性质进行探讨,以求进一步明晰其本质关系。     

当前企业临时性岗位用工存在问题及对策

企业临时性岗位用工从业人员的增加和国家对劳动用工的管控不断加强,临时性岗位用工问题凸显,企业投入解决劳资关系的精力明显增多,且在劳资纠纷中经常处于被动。本文通过分析当前企业临时性岗位用工存在的问题及具体原因,探寻临时性岗位的合理用工形式,并对企业未来临时性岗位用工管理给出合理化建议。