公司法人财产权与公司治理

从探讨公司法人财产权和公司治理二者关系角度入手,对中国公司法中"法人财产权"的内涵与性质加以阐释和分析。法人财产权是一种综合性的权利,包括对实物财产享有的所有权和对其他财产享有的完整权利,法人财产权的确立与归属是公司治理的基础与保障,是公司治理权力分化与制衡的出发点及归宿,而科学有效的公司治理结构的建构与确立也维系着法人财产权的地位,是实现法人财产权的组织保证。新《公司法》删除了原《公司法》关于公司中的国有资产所有权属于国家的规定,为建立现代意义上的公司制度与科学合理的公司治理结构奠定了基础。     

THE EFFECTS OF LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT BLOCK GRANTS ON SERIOUS CRIME*

Research Summary The Local Law Enforcement Block Grants (LLEBG) Program was second only to the Community‐Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Program in its funding levels. Some $3 billion was dispensed to local jurisdictions to reduce crime and improve public safety; yet the effects of LLEBG funding on crime have been all but ignored. Accordingly, panel data from more than 5,000 cities covering a 12‐year period (1990–2001) were collected, and index crime rates were regressed on LLEBG funding and appropriate demographic controls. Additional controls for police levels and other federal grants were also introduced, proper checks for endogeneity of grants (and police levels) were performed, and the models were subjected to an array of robustness checks. A consistent message emerged: LLEBG Program funding was associated with significant reductions in serious crime. Policy Implications Although LLEBG funding seemed to reduce serious crime, the results also revealed that the decrease did not occur through the hiring of additional police officers, even though many funds were used for that purpose. Other mechanisms were thus at work, but the data did not provide insights into what these mechanisms were. In any case, every $1 in LLEBG funding per capita was associated with approximately 59 fewer index crimes per 100,000 people. When combined with the findings from recent studies of the effects of community policing grants on crime, this study suggests additional federal support for local law‐enforcement agencies should be considered.     

股东关系维度代理问题及其治理机制研究

股东“异质化”的现实演进和股东关系的弱式平等使得股东关系维度代理问题日渐成为公司治理的重点与难点。股东关系维度代理问题在中国股份公司中有其特殊性,如股东间的代理关系情境极其复杂、控制权私利攫取成本较低、中小股东消极主义尤为明显、多元维度代理问题相互交织等。公司立法必须注重强化自治和利益平衡,多措并举构建防范股东关系维度代理问题的结构性治理机制。     

治理视野下的信访制度

中国的信访制度运行50年,在21世纪进入了制度变迁的关键时期。从历史的考察和现实的分析可见,中国特色的信访制度更加符合治理的逻辑而不是法治的逻辑。在治理的视野之下,按照合法性、透明性、责任性、法治、回应和有效的目标,改革信访制度的现实路径应着眼于改善信访的社会环境、合理定位信访功能、坚持法治原则、注重信访治理过程及信访治理的社会效应、探索多样化处理问题的方式。     

监视理论的阐释:历史与批判视角

监视,作为一种全球普遍存在的社会现象,起源于现代资本主义形态和官僚制实践的增长。现代监视理论是资本主义企业、官僚组织、民族国家、机器式的工艺和新型社会连带发展的自然产物;后现代监视理论则是关于以科技为基础的、以身体为监视对象的、日常的和普遍存在的监视的理论。由边沁和福柯所解释的、与监狱和规诫理念相关联的全景监视范式受到新的社会现实和监视理论的挑战。以风险社会管理为背景,治理可以作为监视研究的一个新路径。     

我国公共场所图像监视法律治理路径分析

在过去的近十年中,我国的公共图像监视在政策、项目及资金等支持下得到迅猛发展。在我国特定的政治与社会背景下,公共场所图像监视是社会治安综合治理与公共安全技术防范系统的一个组成部分．呈现出政策创议、项目推动的发展历程。在法律治理和回应性法制视角下,公共图像监视法律治理是对公共图像监视实践的法律回应。目前,我国已初步构建起涵盖宪法、社会治安综合治理法律文件、公共安全技术防范法律文件、具体领域法律文件以及公共场所图像监视法律文件等公共场所图像监视法律治理的体系,但该体系仍然存在急需健全和完善的层面。     

涉诉信访的“问题化”逻辑与治理之道

涉诉信访在当下中国俨然已经成为关涉政治大局、社会稳定和国计民生的重大问题,被广泛地视为一种严峻的社会危机而予以问题化,并因此成为全社会的攻关对象。但是,直观地将涉诉信访问题看作主要是司法部门自身问题产物的观点是不周延的,也不利于寻求有效的对策以应对之。对涉诉信访问题的成因应采取系统论的分析进路,在立法、行政、司法三大国家机构系统化处理社会纠纷流程的实证分析中去发现涉诉信访问题的真相:信访问题不过是弱势群体民生困境的制度性反射。因此,应以制度创新和综合治理应对涉诉信访问题。     

论通过首长负责制实现环境善治

我国在"十一五"规划中将节能减排作为约束性的指标,取得了良好的环境治理效果.这一做法的成功之处是实行了节能减排责任制,实行行政问责制.这些做法体现了责任政府的要求,抓住了环境治理问题的核心,发挥了行政首长负责制的优势,提高了各级政府的行政执行力.在今后的环境治理中,我们需要对这一制度加以完善,如扩展环境指标的范围、完善环境问责的对象和追究程序等.     

公司承包经营的相关法律问题探析

公司承包经营在性质上属于狭义的委任经营,其中的权利义务安排对经营者人力资本与企业资本的合作具有独特的价值。公司承包经营并不影响公司法规定的公司治理机制目的的实现。作为一种特殊经营方式,公司承包经营合同在现有公司法律框架下有广阔的存在空间,并且无损于他人利益,其效力应得到法律的认可。法律应对合同主体、适用范围以及承包费的支付等事项进行明确规定,为当事人的公司承包活动提供明确指引。     

Uncertainty at the EU's borders: narratives of EU external relations in the revised European Neighbourhood Policy towards the southern borderlands

This article analyses the role of narratives in European Union (EU) external relations in the revised European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and systematically explores how they operate in practice in the context of the EU's border management practices vis-à-vis the “southern borderlands”, in particular with respect to their inclusionary and exclusionary potential. Key EU documents and statements by EU agents, released throughout the first three years of Arab uprisings and pertaining to the revised ENP, will be subjected to a thorough examination which highlights four observations: first, in spite of the fact that the revised ENP is rooted in several narratives, some nevertheless dominate over others; second, the simultaneous presence of and recourse to different narratives contribute to an increase, rather than a decrease, of uncertainty in the EU's southern borderlands; third, despite a multitude of narratives which serve to legitimize EU action in the framework of the revised ENP, the latter perpetuates the logics of its predecessor by generating benefits mainly for the EU itself; fourth, that the first three years of the revised ENP have in practice demonstrated that an imbalance exists between on the one hand the original acceptance of the narratives by EU stakeholders and on the other hand their willingness to abide by them and fill them with life.