搜索引擎竞价排名的法律规范规制

目前对搜索引擎竞价排名进行规制的法律规范还比较混乱,既有直接针对性的,也有在适用上存在争论的,还有应该适用而实际上并不适用的。对搜索引擎竞价排名进行规制的法律规范规制的混乱和滞后,其深层原因在于我国对虚拟社会监管的种种不足,如:监管者对现实社会与虚拟社会之间的关系的认识不足;全能型监管模式下非重点监管领域的应急性监管成为必然;监管者专业知识优势的弱化等。完善对搜索引擎竞价排名的法律规范规制,应该进一步明确互联网信息搜索服务提供者的资质要求;确认搜索引擎竞价排名与网络商业广告之间的关系;细化信息搜索服务商在提供竞价排名服务时应当承担的义务;确定互联网信息搜索服务提供者能否构成滥用市场支配地位。     

犯罪的道德分析

犯罪的道德属性并不总是确定的。罪与非罪之间、罪犯与守法公民之间，有时并没有实质的界限。主要原因定：第一，法定犯罪的道德评价色彩不明显。第二，在近代犯罪学派那里，犯罪的道德评价色彩已经弱化。第三，犯罪的发生，从大的社会背景分析，有其必然性。对于特定的个体来说，更受到一些偶然因素的影响。第四，实际上的“犯罪”在向法律上的“罪犯”转化的过程中，也存在着相当大的偶然性。所以，没有必要过于强调从道德教化的角度去防控犯罪。归根到底，制度建设才是根本。     

机动车被毁改号码的识别

盗抢机动车犯罪分子常毁改机动车号码以达到销赃目的,本文对毁改后机动车号码的异常情况做了归纳分析,并提出了相应的检验方法,如直接观察法,测量法,拓描法,反光镜法等.     

Regulation by litigation

We believe that careful application of the logic of economics and public choice shines important light on regulation through litigation and can explain at least partly why regulators choose the litigation route, when they choose it, and how the choice may or may not achieve broad goals of efficiency and fairness. We present three case studies: heavy‐duty diesel engines, silica and asbestos, and the tobacco industry's Master Settlement Agreement (MSA).     

大陆首例QQ号码盗窃案的法律适用探讨

通过对我国大陆首例QQ号码盗窃案的法律适用问题的分析,指出在罪刑法定原则下,对此类案件以盗窃罪论处缺少充分法律依据,建议通过完善计算机犯罪、侵犯通信自由罪以及建立对虚拟财产独立的法律保护体系,来应对此类新型犯罪。     

Application of low copy number STR typing to the identification of aged, degraded skeletal remains

Low copy number (LCN) STR typing was successfully applied to four interesting cases during developmental validation of the approach for degraded skeletal remains. Specific questions were addressed in each case, with the acquisition of STR data largely serving as additional confirmatory or investigatory information in any specific situation, and not necessarily providing the definitive evidence to establish identity. The cases involve missing U.S. service members from World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam War. The variety of these cases, in terms of the questions addressed, the age of the remains, and the type of reference material available for comparison, demonstrates the broad utility of LCN STR typing in the identification of degraded skeletal remains from missing persons.     

Restoration of engraved marks on steel surfaces by etching technique

It is known that restoration of erased engraved identification marks on the engine and the chassis of a car or on a firearm has low success rate. Unlike stamping, engraving on a metal surface leaves no pronounced, permanent subsurface deformation in the crystalline structure, also called dislocation that can be revealed by suitable methods. Hence, the current research work investigated whether metallographic reagents used in the restoration of stamp (compression) marks could be applied to recover engraved marks on steel surfaces and also to establish the sensitivity and effectiveness of some of these reagents for the restoration of the marks. Experiments were conducted by mechanically engraving alphanumeric characters on several steel plates using a computer controlled engraving machine called Gravograph. The markings were later erased from the above steel plates by removing the metal in stages of 0.01 mm through 0.04 mm below the bottom of the engraving. Several plates were thus prepared wherein each one had been abraded to a specific depth. Then eight metallographic reagents were tested on each one of the above erased plates using a swabbing technique. The results had shown that while most of the reagents were able to restore marks up to certain levels of erasure, the reagent 5 g copper sulphate, 60 ml water, 30 ml concentrated ammonium hydroxide and 60 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid restored marks erased to a depth of 0.04 mm below the engraving depth, thus presenting itself the most sensitive reagent. Quite significantly, the above reagent was also able to decipher successfully the original engraved marks that had been erased and engraved with a new number, or obliterated by centre punching. The results of this research work should benefit the forensic practitioners engaged in the serial number recovery on vehicles, firearms and other objects.     

Should I stay or should I go?

Legal context: The European Patent Convention inherently allows parallel revocationproceedings to take place in the EPO and the domestic patentcourts. As a result, parties to UK patent proceedings frequentlyapply for a stay pending the outcome of proceedings in the EPO.There is commonly assumed to be a presumption in favour of thisstay, so long as it does not amount to an injustice. Key points: This article reviews the UK case law that has followed the Courtof Appeal decision in Kimberly-Clark, to see if this presumptionin favour of a stay is sustained. These cases show that, whendeciding whether to order a stay, judges perform a balancingexercise of a number of considerations. In practice it appearsthat these considerations easily topple the presumption. Practical significance: By providing a comparison of the considerations put before thecourts in the past, this article seeks to aid practitionersin judging those factors likely to affect the success of a stayapplication. It also highlights the lack of authority at appellatelevel on whether it is lawful for patent courts not to ordera stay.     

论农村犯罪黑数

农村犯罪存在大量黑数。农村犯罪黑数主要是由于村民不报案 ,其中的因素有 :农村传统家族势力的影响 ;农村传统法律意识的影响 ;农村行政组织越俎代疱 ;农村封建迷信严重 ;农村公安机关的办案条件限制。农村犯罪黑数是不可避免的 ,但需要正确认识。     

毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液免疫功能的变化

将180只14日龄雏鸡随机分为毒害艾美球虫(Eimeria necatrix)初次感染组、二次感染组和对照组,应用免疫SPA菌体花环、间接ELISA及细胞培养技术和四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)测定法对相关免疫学指标进行了检测,以研究毒害艾美球虫二次感染对雏鸡外周血液免疫功能变化的影响。结果显示,毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液T、B淋巴细胞数量及其对ConA或PMA的增殖反应和血清IgG、IgM、IgA免疫球蛋白含量均不同程度地高于未感染毒害艾美球虫的对照组雏鸡。证实毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能均明显提高。