试论党校师德建设

进入新世纪,党校师德建设面临着前所未有的挑战和问题,使其呈现出紧迫性、特殊性、开放性的特点,并赋予特定的内涵,从而构成了党校师德建设的根本任务和具体目标。走党校师德建设的新路子,必须倡导新理念,建立有效的运行机制,采取切实可行的具体措施。     

Animal rights is a social justice issue

The literature on social justice, and social justice movements themselves, routinely ignore nonhuman animals as legitimate subjects of social justice. Yet, as with other social justice movements, the contemporary animal liberation movement has as its focus the elimination of institutional and systemic domination and oppression. In this paper, I explicate the philosophical and theoretical foundations of the contemporary animal rights movement, and situate it within the framework of social justice. I argue that those committed to social justice – to minimizing violence, exploitation, domination, objectification, and oppression – are equally obligated to consider the interests of all sentient beings, not only those of human beings.     

Consent in escrow

Disasters such as flash flooding, mass shootings, and train and airplane accidents involving large numbers of victims produce significant opportunity for research in the biosciences. This opportunity exists in the extreme tails of life events, however, during which decisions about life and death, valuing and foregoing, speed and patience, trust and distrust, are tested simultaneously and abundantly. The press and urgency of these scenarios may also challenge the ability of researchers to comprehensively deliver information about the purposes of a study, risks, benefits, and alternatives. Under these circumstances, we argue that acquiring consent for the immediate use of data that are not time sensitive represents a gap in the protection of human study participants. In response, we offer a two-tiered model of consent that allows for data collected in real-time to be held in escrow until the acute post-disaster window has closed. Such a model not only respects the fundamental tenet of consent in research, but also enables such research to take place in an ethically defensible manner.     

儿童是目的:教育的伦理基础

人在任何时候任何情况下都是目的,而永远不能只视为手段。如果康德这一主张是对的,那么,儿童是教育的目的便是对的。教育自始至终都应以儿童为目的,这就否定了教育常常将儿童视为工具的旧观念。以儿童为目的的教育尊重儿童的生活和世界,尊重儿童的兴趣和需要,助推儿童按其本性生长。以儿童为目的的教育不是去设计、制造儿童,而是帮助儿童自我建设与自我完善。"以儿童为目的"是现代教育的基本特征,亦是入手考察与理解现代教育的重要维度。以儿童为目的的教育只能扎根于民主的或向往民主的社会中。     

Who's Afraid of WikiLeaks? Missed Opportunities in Political Science Research

Leaked information, such as WikiLeaks’ Cablegate, constitutes a unique and valuable data source for researchers interested in a wide variety of policy‐oriented topics. Yet political scientists have avoided using leaked information in their research. This article argues that we can and should use leaked information as a data source in scholarly research. First, the methodological, ethical, and legal challenges related to the use of leaked information in research have been considered, concluding that none of these present serious obstacles. Second, how political scientists can use leaked information to generate novel and unique insights concerning political phenomena using a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods have been shown. Specifically, how leaked documents reveal important details concerning the Trans‐Pacific Partnership negotiations, and how leaked diplomatic cables highlight a significant disparity between the U.S. government's public attitude toward traditional knowledge and its private behavior have been demonstrated.     

卓越管理的“黄金法则”——试论加强行政伦理建设

行政伦理,也就是关于“治国”的伦理。它是执政党、国家机构和全体公职人员在治理国家的过程中,以权、责、利的统一为基础,以协调个人、组织与社会的关系为核心的行政行为准则和规范系统。行政伦理在“以德治国”中具有关键性价值。行政伦理失范的问题目前较为普遍。主要原因之一是行政运作过程中缺乏最基本的行政伦理规范和法制秩序。从自律性特点分析,需要加强行政伦理的养成机制建设,就是要加强行政伦理的教育与修养;从他律性特点分析,需要加强行政伦理的监督机制建设,不但要完善现有的法律,加大执法力度,而且要加快对行政伦理立法。     

公民生态道德教育初探

生态道德教育是公民道德教育的时代课题,它是随着生态道德理论的完善而逐步形成的.在我国开展生态道德教育有时代背景、理论依据和现实依据.生态道德教育的实施需要生态价值观念的更新,家庭、学校和社会的相互协调以及其经济、行政、法律等多种方式的结合.     

一种新的经济张力——伦理道德与经济相融合

伦理精神作为一种中介,它有可能使非经济因素的伦理道德转化为一种特殊的经济因素。伦理精神激励社会和个人的潜能,促使社会和个人将伦理信念转化为社会经济发展的实际行动,使道德成为一种实践性的伦理,实现非经济因素转化为经济因素。     

行政荣誉机制的三重功能

行政荣誉机制具有三个层次的功能 :以道德评价的形式 ,通过对公务员个体进行道德激励和利益激励 ,促使个人有充分的道德自觉 ,促成完整人格的最终完成 :具有提高行政组织效率、增强行政组织的凝聚力、促进廉洁政府目标的实现、提升政府形象的功能 ;对社会 ,具有导向、示范的功能 ,并能最大限度地增进公共利益。     

实然与应然——法律伦理之可能

法律伦理及法律伦理学是否可能取决于从法律伦理行为事实能否推导出法律伦理行为应该。然而,单纯从行为事实是推不出行为应该的,只有通过法律目的判断以及法律伦理行为事实和法律目的之关系判断才能从法律伦理行为事实如何推导出法律伦理行为应该如何。法律伦理行为之应该经由人们的实践活动可以变为现实,其具体保障在于法律伦理良心、法律伦理名誉及底线法律伦理的法律化。