Forensic Analysis of Digital Dynamic Signatures: New Methods for Data Treatment and Feature Evaluation

This study explored digital dynamic signatures containing quantifiable dynamic data. The change in data content and nature necessitates the development of new data treatment approaches. A SignPad Omega digitizing tablet was used to assess measurement reproducibility, as well as within‐writer variation and the occurrence of correctly simulated features. Measurement reproducibility was found to be high except for pressure information. Within‐writer variation was found to be higher between days than on a same day. Occurrence of correct simulation was low for features such as signature size, trajectory length, and total signature time. Feature discrimination factors combining within‐writer variability and the occurrence of correctly simulated features were computed and show that signature size, trajectory length, and signature time are the features that perform the best for discriminating genuine from simulated signatures. A final experiment indicates that dynamic information can be used to create connections between simulation cases.     

从实证角度再论存款保险制度

建立存款保险制度又提到议事日程,银行经营能力的提高为筹集保险基金提供了资金可能,银监会、人民银行分设为存款保险制度组织架构提供了保障,金融生态环境受到重视为存款保险制度提供了外在环境,这都增加了存款保险制度出台的可行性。建立一个有效、公平、民主的存款保险制度除了对存款保险机构的地位、职责、资金和费率、债权分担、投保主体做出规定外,还离不开建立问责制、确保透明度、确立职业操守等制衡机制。     

Validating TrueAllele® DNA mixture interpretation

Abstract: DNA mixtures with two or more contributors are a prevalent form of biological evidence. Mixture interpretation is complicated by the possibility of different genotype combinations that can explain the short tandem repeat (STR) data. Current human review simplifies this interpretation by applying thresholds to qualitatively treat STR data peaks as all‐or‐none events and assigning allele pairs equal likelihood. Computer review, however, can work instead with all the quantitative data to preserve more identification information. The present study examined the extent to which quantitative computer interpretation could elicit more identification information than human review from the same adjudicated two‐person mixture data. The base 10 logarithm of a DNA match statistic is a standard information measure that permits such a comparison. On eight mixtures having two unknown contributors, we found that quantitative computer interpretation gave an average information increase of 6.24 log units (min = 2.32, max = 10.49) over qualitative human review. On eight other mixtures with a known victim reference and one unknown contributor, quantitative interpretation averaged a 4.67 log factor increase (min = 1.00, max = 11.31) over qualitative review. This study provides a general treatment of DNA interpretation methods (including mixtures) that encompasses both quantitative and qualitative review. Validation methods are introduced that can assess the efficacy and reproducibility of any DNA interpretation method. An in‐depth case example highlights 10 reasons (at 10 different loci) why quantitative probability modeling preserves more identification information than qualitative threshold methods. The results validate TrueAllele^® DNA mixture interpretation and establish a significant information improvement over human review.     

关于突发公共事件处置中警方与媒体关系研究

在突发公共事件处置中,警方与媒体基于维护公共利益,在处置事件的各个方面须进行配合与协作,两者相互影响、相互制约。大众传播媒介通过收集有关警察组织形象的信息等方面对警察组织施加影响,警察组织通过警务信息公开等方式对大众传播媒介产生影响。警方与媒体在某些方面也存在着不一致,必然导致双方在某些方面的不和谐,甚至对抗和冲突。因此两者必须互信、合作,最终达到共赢的目标。     

法治视角下水库移民类群体性事件的思考——以云南绥江“3．25堵路事件”为例

云南绥江“3．25堵路事件”是典型的水库移民类群体性事件,反映了我国水库移民普遍存在的共性矛盾。从法治视角看,私权保护不足是引发水库移民类群体性事件发生的主要原因。在实体层面,未将“人”作为考量水库建设可行性的主要因素,对水库移民的补偿不足。在程序层面,公民难以参与公共决策,权利救济的路径狭窄。预防与控制水库移民类群体性事件的主要对策是：慎行水库移民,完善移民补偿立法,建立移民程序机制,慎用强权对待权利诉求。     

新领导力——古代领导力与现代领导力比较研究

现代领导力是古代领导力的继承,但不是复制,它与古代领导力有本质的区别。通过对中国古代领导力与现代领导力的比较研究,可以为我们对现代领导力的内容及其提升提供新的理解。     

乡村社会研究的难题与话语群的观察对策

话语群理论是在传统的乡村研究理论遇到一系列难题之后应运而生的,是对我国乡村研究中的长期模式,即关于乡村社会"传统—现代"的二元分割结构认知模式的突破,也是基于西方语言学方法遇到自身困惑,即语境建构出现泛滥趋势的基础之上提出来的。     

我国证人资格制度路径选择——以中美证人资格比较为视角

证人资格是诉讼中的一个基本问题。通过对中美两国关于证人资格规定的比较分析,考虑到我国的具体司法体系和现实运作条件等因素,应当从以下几个方面来完善我国证人资格制度:取消单位的证人资格,将证人资格的基本条件规定为"亲身感知案件情况",科学规定证人资格的其他条件,不规定证人资格排除性规定等。     

对我国比较刑诉法研究的检视与反思

比较刑诉法研究对中国现代刑事诉讼理论以及立法起了积极的推动作用,但通过对相关研究历史的考察发现,其存在的问题也不容忽视,虽已有学者进行了一定程度的反思,并提出范式转型来以期解决,但并没有对比较刑诉法研究本身加以诊治。我们需要从研究主体的精英化,研究对象的全球化、全面化,研究方法的多样化、合理化这三个方面着手努力,才能给中国未来刑事诉讼的发展注入新的"一泉活水"。