社区矫正法律监督与社会管理创新

刑法修正案（八）中规定,对判处管制、缓刑以及假释的罪犯依法施行社区矫正,这是社区矫正首次写入我国刑事基本法律之中,是我国刑罚执行制度发展改革和社会管理创新的一件大事,标志着社区矫正法律制度的确立,这将推动我国社区矫正工作依法规范发展,也将为社区矫正法律监督与社会管理创新工作提供广阔的空间。面对新形势,社区矫正法律监督工作存在良好的发展机遇,同时也有很多问题值得我们深入研究和探讨。     

中国社区矫正立法模式的选择

中国社区矫正立法有"先制定上位法,后制定下位法"与"先制定下位法,后制定上位法"两种立法模式。由《社区矫正法》的法律内容的探索性决定,由当代中国社区矫正的发展逻辑决定,由社区矫正的社会属性决定,由社区矫正法的法律属性决定,社区矫正立法宜采纳"先制定下位法,后制定上位法"的立法模式,先推动地方层面上的立法、部门层面上的立法,待时机成熟,再完成国家层面上的立法。     

当前制约社区矫正的因素分析和对策研究

社区矫正是社会管理创新的表现形式和重要内容之一,也是刑罚改革发展的趋势,本文通过对社区矫正工作的调研分析,找出制约社区矫正工作发展的因素,并提出相应的解决对策。     

美国社区矫正的成功典范--迪兰西街矫正中心

北京正在进行社区矫正制度的试点建设.总部位于美国旧金山的迪兰西街矫正中心在30余年的发展中,将数以千计的重罪假释犯、吸毒犯罪者、被社会抛弃的流浪汉等改造为追求美好生活的新人,成为美国社区矫正的成功典范,其经验值得借鉴.     

构建我国社区矫正制度的若干思考

社区矫正代表着罪犯处遇的未来走向 ,但我国当前社区矫正的总体发展水平比较低 ,加紧社区矫正制度的构建和完善已成当务之急。应当构建完备的立法、科学的裁量机制和健全的执行体系 ,以保障和促进社区矫正在我国的发展。     

THE EFFECT OF SUPERMAXIMUM SECURITY PRISONS ON AGGREGATE LEVELS OF INSTITUTIONAL VIOLENCE*

Supermax prisons have been advanced as means of controlling the “worst of the worst” and making prisons safer places to live and work. This research examined the effect of supermaxes on aggregate levels of violence in three prison systems using a multiple interrupted time series design. No support was found for the hypothesis that supermaxes reduce levels of inmate‐on‐inmate violence. Mixed support was found for the hypothesis that supermax increases staff safety: the implementation of a supermax had no effect on levels of inmate‐on‐staff assaults in Minnesota, temporarily increased staff injuries in Arizona, and reduced assaults against staff in Illinois.     

积极推进社区矫正法律监督工作 参与社会管理创新

开展社区矫正法律监督工作,是检察机关依法履行刑罚,执行法律监督职责的重要内容,也是检察机关参与社会管理创新的一项重要内容。文中通过在刑罚执行监督工作过程中遇到的实际问题,提出了五点建议,也是社区法律监督的良好尝试。     

Navigating the job search after incarceration: the experiences of work-release participants

When prisoners return to the community they often strive to obtain immediate employment. However, finding work after being released from prison is one of the major challenges returning prisoners face. With few employment prospects due to legal restrictions, discrimination from prospective employers, and multiple individual and community barriers offenders often end up accepting low-skilled work with little opportunity for growth. This qualitative study examines the job searching process for women residing in a community correction work-release facility. The researcher identified several barriers to securing employment, as well as many factors that facilitated the process. Sources of help, types of jobs secured, and experiences with stigma and discrimination are discussed. Implications for improving the job searching process for this population are discussed.     

The Economics of Prisons

This survey scans the English language research on prisons published since the appearance of Becker's (1968) seminal piece. After first describing the economic nature of prison and parole, issues concerning comparative institutional analysis and organizational design are discussed, including the role of private prisons. Empirical evidence on production functions for prisons, recidivism and offender rehabilitation programs is reviewed. A brief overview of policy issues and suggestions for future research concludes the survey.     

论社区矫正的价值诉求

在刑罚制度已经从以监禁刑为主的阶段进入了以非监禁刑为主的全球化大背景下,我国也开始对世界行刑社会化趋势做出积极的应对,并对我国刑罚执行制度进行新探索。这对于巩固和发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政治局面服务,对于积极推进民主法制建设,对于为社会主义政治文明服务,对于为全面建设小康社会服务,对于推动司法改革、加强政法工作,优化我国的法制环境都具有非常重要的价值。本文主要从社区矫正的人文、社会、经济、理论四个方面来探讨社区矫正的价值诉求。